阅读说明：本技术 渔业养殖系统及其应用 (Fishery culture system and application thereof ) 是由 何文辉 于 2018-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种渔业养殖系统及其应用,所述系统包括：温室养殖单元、生态养殖单元、沉砂池、初级净化单元以及沉水植物净化单元以及若干套曝气装置,由此构建的温室养殖池和生态养殖池都与沉砂池连通,所述沉砂池、初级净化池、沉水植物净化池依次流体连通,所述沉水植物净化池均匀与温室养殖池和生态养殖池都流体连通,形成闭合的循环通路。采用本系统养殖虾和/或蟹可以保证经济效益的同时也保护环境。(The invention provides a fishery breeding system and application thereof, wherein the system comprises: the system comprises a greenhouse culture unit, an ecological culture unit, a grit chamber, a primary purification unit, a submerged plant purification unit and a plurality of sets of aeration devices, wherein the greenhouse culture tank and the ecological culture tank are communicated with the grit chamber, the primary purification tank and the submerged plant purification tank are sequentially communicated with each other through fluid, and the submerged plant purification tank is uniformly communicated with the greenhouse culture tank and the ecological culture tank through fluid to form a closed circulation path. The system for breeding shrimps and/or crabs can ensure economic benefit and protect the environment.)

1. A fishery farming system, comprising at least:

a greenhouse culture unit, an ecological culture unit, a grit chamber (2), a primary purification unit, a submerged plant purification unit and a plurality of sets of aeration devices,

the greenhouse culture unit comprises a greenhouse culture pond (5) which is arranged in a greenhouse; a first aquatic plant is arranged in the greenhouse culture pond;

the ecological breeding unit comprises an ecological breeding pond (1), and second aquatic plants are arranged in the ecological breeding pond;

the primary purification unit comprises a primary purification tank (3), and third aquatic plants are arranged in the primary purification tank;

the submerged plant purification unit comprises a submerged plant purification tank (4), and a fourth aquatic plant is arranged in the submerged plant purification tank;

the greenhouse culture pond (5) and the ecological culture pond (1) are both communicated with the grit chamber (2), the primary purification tank (3) and the submerged plant purification tank (4) are sequentially in fluid communication, and the submerged plant purification tank (4) is both in fluid communication with the greenhouse culture pond (5) and the ecological culture pond (1);

the aeration device comprises a motor, an aeration head and a pipeline, wherein the motor is connected with the aeration head through the pipeline, and the aeration head is arranged in the greenhouse culture pond, the ecological culture pond, the primary purification pond and the submerged plant purification pond.

2. The fishery farming system of claim 1, wherein: the ecological unit of breeding includes a plurality of ecological ponds of breeding, the unit is bred in the greenhouse includes a plurality of greenhouses and breeds the pond, the total volume in greenhouse pond of breeding: total volume of the ecological culture pond: the volume of the grit chamber: the volume of the submerged plant purification tank is 120-150: 120-150: 1: 2 to 3.

3. The fishery farming system of claim 2, wherein: the system further comprises a first tail water collecting pipeline (501) and a first purified water inflow pipeline (502), wherein the first tail water collecting pipeline is used for discharging tail water in the greenhouse culture pond (5), the first purified water inflow pipeline (502) is used for guiding purified water into the greenhouse culture pond (5), the first purified water inflow pipeline (502) is arranged at the upstream of the whole water body according to the flow direction of the water body, the tail water collecting pipeline (501) is arranged at the downstream of the whole water body, and the first tail water collecting pipeline (501) is communicated with the grit chamber (2) through a tail water collecting channel (103);

the system also comprises a second tail water collecting pipeline (101) and a second purified water inflow pipeline (102), wherein the second tail water collecting pipeline is used for discharging tail water in the ecological culture pond (1), the second purified water inflow pipeline (102) is used for introducing purified water into the ecological culture pond (1), according to the flow direction of water, the second purified water inflow pipeline (102) is arranged at the upstream of the whole water body, the second tail water collecting pipeline (101) is arranged at the downstream of the whole water body, and the second tail water collecting pipeline is communicated with the grit chamber through a tail water collecting channel (103).

4. The fishery farming system of claim 1, wherein: a first pump (104) is arranged between the tail water collecting channel (103) and the grit chamber (2) and is used for pumping tail water in the tail water collecting channel (103) into the grit chamber (2), and the grit chamber (2) is communicated with the primary purification tank (3) through an overflow channel (201) so that water in the grit chamber (2) enters the primary purification tank (3) through overflow; a second pump (301) is arranged between the primary purifying tank (3) and the submerged plant purifying tank (4) and is used for pumping the water in the primary purifying tank (3) into the submerged plant purifying tank (4); the system also comprises a third pump (401), and the third pump (301) is used for pumping the water in the submerged plant purification tank (4) into the ecological culture tank (1) and the greenhouse culture tank (5).

5. The fishery culture system according to claim 1, wherein each of the greenhouse culture pond, the ecological purification pond and the submerged plant purification pond is designed to have a dissolved oxygen content of no less than 4mg/L, and the aeration heads are uniformly distributed in the water area.

6. The fishery farming system of claim 1, wherein: the first aquatic plant is selected from one or more of hornworts, hydrilla verticillata or elodea nutans, and occupies 20-30% of the water area; the second aquatic plant, the third aquatic plant and the fourth aquatic plant are selected from one or more of tape grass, hydrilla verticillata and lineare erythrostica; the second aquatic plant occupies 80-90% of the area of the water area; the third aquatic plant occupies more than 90% of the area of the water area; the fourth aquatic plant occupies 80-90% of the area of the water area.

7. Use of a fishery breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for breeding shrimp and/or crab.

8. A method for farming shrimps and/or crabs using the fishery farming system according to any of claims 1 to 6, said method comprising at least the following steps:

(1) putting hairy crab seedlings into the ecological culture pond and the greenhouse culture pond within 20 days before Ming festival every year, putting the hairy crab seedlings into the ecological culture pond according to the amount of 500-700 tails/mu, and starting to put in feed and aerate; feeding the feed and aerating in the greenhouse culture pond according to the amount of 500-; simultaneously controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 12-35 ℃;

(2) putting shrimp seedlings into the ecological culture pond and the greenhouse culture pond in 5 months every year, wherein the shrimp seedlings are put into the ecological culture pond according to the amount of 800 plus one 1000 shrimp seedlings/mu; putting shrimp seedlings in the greenhouse culture pond according to the amount of 800-;

(3) harvesting the shrimps in 10 months per year;

(4) the crabs are harvested 10 to 11 months per year.

9. The method of claim 10, wherein: the aeration is carried out once in the morning and once in the evening, the aeration is carried out for 1.5 to 2.5 hours in the morning, and the aeration is carried out for 2 to 4 hours at night;

and/or putting macrobrachium nipponensis and snails into the submerged plant purification tank, wherein the putting amount of the macrobrachium nipponensis is calculated according to 8-12 kg/mu, and the feeding amount of the snails is calculated according to 20-30 kg/mu.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein: the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight:

1-10 parts of pumpkin;

1-10 parts of corn;

1-10 parts of purple sweet potato;

1-10 parts of fish meat.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein: the preparation method of the feed comprises the steps of cooking and crushing the feed, wherein the feeding amount of the feed is 15-25% of the total weight of shrimps and crabs every day.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein: the method further comprises the following steps: the water exchange capacity in the system every day is 5-10% of the total water in the system.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fishery breeding system and application thereof.

Background

The ecological breeding method is to improve the breeding water quality and ecological environment by utilizing pollution-free water areas such as lakes, reservoirs, rivers and natural baits or applying ecological technical measures, to breed and breed according to a specific breeding mode, to put in pollution-free feed, and to not apply fertilizers and sprinkle medicines, and to produce pollution-free green food and organic food. The livestock and poultry products of ecological breeding are popular with consumers due to high quality and good taste, and the supply of the products is not in demand.

The aquaculture in greenhouse has proved to have huge commercial value at present, the yield of shrimps and crabs can be obviously improved by culturing agricultural products such as shrimps and crabs in greenhouse, the taste is delicious, and considerable income is also obtained by production enterprises while high-quality products are provided for consumers.

The ecological environment is reasonably utilized, the aquatic products are improved, and meanwhile, the natural environment is also very important to be protected. For how to fully and reasonably utilize ecological resources, the schemes in the prior art have many defects, such as low yield of some breeding methods, serious environment pollution of some breeding methods and single product of some methods. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a scheme capable of sufficiently and reasonably utilizing the natural environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a fishery aquaculture system and its application, which are used to solve the problems of low output and environmental protection of fishery aquaculture systems in the prior art.

To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a fishery farming system, comprising:

a greenhouse culture unit, an ecological culture unit, a grit chamber, a primary purification unit, a submerged plant purification unit and a plurality of sets of aeration devices,

the greenhouse culture unit comprises a greenhouse culture pond, and the greenhouse culture pond is arranged in the greenhouse; a first aquatic plant is arranged in the greenhouse culture pond;

the ecological breeding unit comprises an ecological breeding pond, and second aquatic plants are arranged in the ecological breeding pond;

the primary purification unit comprises a primary purification tank, and third aquatic plants are arranged in the primary purification tank;

the submerged plant purification unit comprises a submerged plant purification tank, and a fourth aquatic plant is arranged in the submerged plant purification tank;

the greenhouse culture pond and the ecological culture pond are communicated with the grit chamber, the primary purification pond and the submerged plant purification pond are sequentially communicated with fluid, the submerged plant purification pond is communicated with the greenhouse culture pond and the ecological culture pond fluid, the aeration device comprises a motor, an aeration head and a pipeline, the motor is connected with the aeration head through the pipeline, and the aeration head is arranged in the greenhouse culture pond, the ecological culture pond, the primary purification pond and the submerged plant purification pond.

The greenhouse culture pond and the ecological culture pond are used for culturing shrimps and/or crabs, the grit chamber is used for clarifying culture tail water, the primary purification tank is used for primarily purifying the tail water, and the submerged plant purification tank is used for further purifying the tail water.

The ecological unit of breeding includes a plurality of ecological ponds of breeding, the unit is bred in the greenhouse includes a plurality of greenhouses and breeds the pond, the total volume in greenhouse pond of breeding: the total volume of the ecological culture pond is as follows: the volume of the grit chamber: the volume of the submerged plant purification tank is 120-150: 120-150: 1: 2 to 3.

The system still includes first tail water collecting tube and first purification rivers income pipeline, first tail water collecting tube is used for breeding the tail water discharge in the pond with the greenhouse, first purification rivers go into the pipeline and are used for going into the greenhouse with the water drainage after purifying and breed the pond, according to water flow direction, first purification rivers go into the pipeline and establish the upper reaches at whole water, the low reaches at whole water are established to tail water collecting tube, first tail water collecting tube passes through tail water and collects canal intercommunication grit chamber.

The system still includes second tail water collecting tube and second purification rivers and goes into the pipeline, second tail water collecting tube is used for the tail water discharge in the ecological breed pond, second purification rivers go into the pipeline and are used for going into ecological breed pond with the water drainage after purifying, according to water flow direction, the second purifies rivers and goes into the upper reaches of pipeline and establish at whole water, the low reaches at whole water are established to second tail water collecting tube, second tail water collecting tube passes through tail water collecting channel intercommunication grit chamber.

Furthermore, each greenhouse culture pond is rectangular and consistent in shape and is sequentially arranged in a row.

Furthermore, the greenhouse is a greenhouse built by plastic films and is provided with a double-layer top.

Furthermore, each ecological culture pond is rectangular and consistent in shape and is sequentially arranged in a row.

Furthermore, a first pump is arranged between the tail water collecting channel and the grit chamber and used for pumping tail water in the tail water collecting channel into the grit chamber. The grit chamber and the primary purification tank are communicated through an overflow channel, so that water in the grit chamber enters the primary purification tank through overflow. And a second pump is arranged between the primary purification tank and the submerged plant purification tank, and the second pump pumps the water in the primary purification tank into the submerged plant purification tank. The system also comprises a third pump, and the submerged plant purification tank pumps water in the submerged plant purification tank into the ecological culture tank and the greenhouse culture tank through the third pump.

Furthermore, the area of each greenhouse culture pond is 5060 plus 8400 square meters.

Furthermore, the area of each ecological culture pond is 5000-.

Furthermore, the grit chamber has a depth of 1-1.5m and an area of 200-.

Further, the primary purification depth is 1.2-1.7m, and the area is 400-600 square meters.

Furthermore, the submerged plant purification tank has the depth of 2-3m and the area of 15000 square meters to 16000 square meters.

Furthermore, the dissolved oxygen of each greenhouse culture pond, each ecological purification pond and each submerged plant purification pond is not less than 4mg/l, and the aeration heads are uniformly distributed in the water area.

Furthermore, each greenhouse culture pond is provided with 2-3 sets of aeration devices, and the primary purification pond is provided with 2-3 sets of aeration devices; 4-5 sets of aeration devices are arranged in the submerged plant purification tank, 1-3 sets of aeration devices are arranged in each ecological culture tank, the power of a motor in each aeration device is 1.5-3 KW, and the distance between aeration heads is 0.5-5 m.

Further, the first aquatic plant is selected from any one or more of hornwort, Hydrilla verticillata or elodea nutans, and the second aquatic plant, the third aquatic plant and the fourth aquatic plant are all selected from any one or more of eel grass (Vallisneria natans (L our.) Hara), Hydrilla verticillata and red line grass (Solanaceae).

Further, the first aquatic plant occupies 20-30% of the area of the water area.

Further, the second aquatic plant occupies 80-90% of the area of the water area. Mainly comprises tape grass.

Furthermore, the third aquatic plant occupies more than 90% of the water area, and mainly takes the eel grass as the main part. The primary purifying pond mainly contains pollution-resistant plants, such as hydrilla verticillata, and has a good purifying effect.

Furthermore, the fourth aquatic plant occupies 80-90% of the area of the water area, and mainly comprises the tape grass.

Partial floating-leaf plants are planted on the side slope and shallow water area of the submerged plant purification tank, and the floating-leaf plants can be either or both of water lily (Nymphaea L.) or lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gartn.).

In a further aspect the invention provides the use of a fishery farming system as described above for the farming of shrimp and/or crabs.

In another aspect of the invention, a method for breeding shrimps and crabs by using the above fishery breeding system is provided, which at least comprises the following steps:

(1) putting hairy crab seedlings into the ecological culture pond and the greenhouse culture pond within 20 days before Ming festival every year, putting hairy crab seedlings into the ecological culture pond according to the amount of 500-; feeding hairy crab seedlings in the ecological culture pond according to the amount of 500-; simultaneously controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 12-35 ℃;

(2) putting shrimp seeds into the ecological culture pond and the greenhouse culture pond in 5 months every year, and putting the shrimp seeds into the ecological culture pond according to the amount of 800 plus one 1000 shrimp seeds/mu; putting shrimp seedlings in the greenhouse culture pond according to the amount of 800-;

(3) harvesting the shrimps in 10 months per year;

(4) the crabs are harvested 10 to 11 months per year.

Further, the aeration is carried out once in the morning and once in the evening, 1.5 to 2.5 hours in the morning and 2 to 4 hours in the evening. Further, the morning refers to 7-10 o 'clock, and the evening refers to 5-10 o' clock.

Further, the method further comprises: and putting the Macrobrachium nipponensis (Macrobrachium nipponense) and the snails into the submerged plant purification tank, wherein for example, any one or more of square ring arris snails (Bellamya quadrata) and cerulosa cruris snails (Bellamya aeruginosa) can be selected, the putting amount of the Macrobrachium nipponensis is 8-12 kg per mu, and the snails are 20-30 kg per mu. Generally, macrobrachium nipponensis and snails can be thrown in the submerged plants after the submerged plants are cultivated. Its main purpose is to build a more harmonious ecological environment and secondly to generate economic value.

Further, the water exchange capacity in the system is 5-10% of the total water in the system. . Water body exchange generally refers to a method of introducing purified water bodies into the culture system so as to exchange water bodies in the culture system, and feed is not usually put in the water bodies during or before and after the water body exchange.

Furthermore, the method also comprises the step of starting all the water pumps at the same time every 10-15 days, wherein the circulating water amount in the ecological culture pond and the greenhouse culture pond is the waste water amount generated in all the culture ponds, namely the clear water yield, and is used for recycling into the culture ponds to achieve water balance. Generally, the time for starting the water pump once is 6-8 hours. The method can ensure that the water in the ecological culture pond and the greenhouse culture pond can be completely replaced. More preferably once every 10 days.

Further, the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight:

1-10 parts of pumpkin; or 3 to 6 parts by weight;

1-10 parts of corn; or 3 to 6 parts by weight;

1-10 parts of purple sweet potato; or 3 to 6 parts by weight;

1-10 parts of fish meat, and 3-6 parts of fish meat.

Cucurbita moschata (Duch. Ex L am.) Duch. Ex Poir. [ C.pepo L. var. Moschata Duch. Ex L am ], a fruit of Cucurbitaceae plant Cucurbita moschata.

Zea mays L is seed of Zea mays L.of Gramineae.

Purple sweet potato: solanum tuberodsm, a rhizome of sweet potato.

The fish meat can be small fish with low price.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the feed, the method comprising: mixing the above feeds, cooking, and crushing, generally into granules of 0.5-1 cm.

In another aspect of the present invention, the feed is administered in an amount of 15 to 25% by weight of the total weight of the shrimps and the crabs per day. Since a small part of the shrimps and crabs are thrown into the net during the cultivation process, the worker can know the sizes of the shrimps and the crabs.

Further, the time of feeding the feed every day is evening.

As mentioned above, the fishery culture system and the application thereof have the following beneficial effects:

the high yield of shrimp and crab is realized owing to set up the greenhouse and breed the unit in limited space, and the setting of ecological breed unit makes the kind of having richened the product simultaneously, has reduced environmental pollution degree, and grit chamber, benthophyte purification unit and elementary purification unit make entire system's sewage can purify, realize breeding the zero release of tail water, and the sewage after the purification can recycle, has practiced thrift the water resource, the cost is reduced. If the limited space is constructed into a greenhouse for cultivation, the yield is high, but excessive sewage is generated, and the cost for later treatment is high. If the ecological breeding is completely built, the yield is low and the income of enterprises cannot be guaranteed although the ecological breeding is beneficial to environmental protection. The system of the invention protects the environment, is reasonably matched and has high economic benefit under the condition of ensuring higher income of enterprises.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Description of the element reference numerals

1 ecological culture pond

101 second tail water collecting pipeline

102 second purified water flows into the pipeline

103 tail water collecting channel

104 first pump

2 grit chamber

201 overflow channel

3 Primary purifying pool

301 second pump

302 second canal

4 submerged plant purifying tank

401 third pump

402 third conduit

5 greenhouse culture pond

501 first tail water collecting pipeline

502 first purified water flows into the pipeline

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it is to be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention does not exclude that other method steps may also be present before or after the combined steps or that other method steps may also be inserted between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise indicated; it is also to be understood that a combined connection between one or more devices/apparatus as referred to in the present application does not exclude that further devices/apparatus may be present before or after the combined device/apparatus or that further devices/apparatus may be interposed between two devices/apparatus explicitly referred to, unless otherwise indicated. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the various method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order in which the method steps are arranged or the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantially changing the technical content.