阅读说明：本技术 一种颅内导流与颅压测量一体化系统 (Intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system ) 是由 姚政 范晓玲 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种颅内导流与颅压测量一体化系统,属于医疗器械技术领域,能够解决现有技术中颅内导流与颅内压监测分开进行,操作费时费力、容易导致感染的问题。所述系统包括：引流管、引流装置和监测装置；引流管的一端插入病人脑室,另一端与引流装置连接；引流管插入病人脑室的一端的内壁上设置有薄膜压力传感器,薄膜压力传感器上连接有导线,导线的另一端与监测装置连接；薄膜压力传感器用于采集病人脑室中的脑脊液压力信号；导线用于将脑脊液压力信号传导至监测装置。本发明用于颅内导流与颅内压监测。(The invention discloses an intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and can solve the problems that intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately in the prior art, the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused. The system comprises: a drainage tube, a drainage device and a monitoring device; one end of the drainage tube is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end of the drainage tube is connected with the drainage device; the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube inserted into the ventricle of the patient is provided with a film pressure sensor, the film pressure sensor is connected with a lead, and the other end of the lead is connected with a monitoring device; the film pressure sensor is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of a patient; the lead is used for transmitting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal to the monitoring device. The invention is used for intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring.)

1. An intracranial drainage and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, comprising: a drainage tube, a drainage device and a monitoring device;

one end of the drainage tube is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end of the drainage tube is connected with the drainage device;

a film pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube inserted into the ventricle of the patient, a lead is connected to the film pressure sensor, and the other end of the lead is connected with the monitoring device;

the film pressure sensor is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of a patient; the lead is used for transmitting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal to the monitoring device.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the thin film pressure sensor is configured to continuously collect cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricle of the brain of the patient for a predetermined period of time.

3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the thin film pressure sensor is a piezo-capacitive based thin film sensor.

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a correction unit configured to convert the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal continuously collected within a predetermined time period into a corresponding cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and correct the cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the modification unit comprises an acquisition subunit and a processing subunit;

the acquisition subunit is configured to acquire a current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the thin film pressure sensor, and acquire all N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values before the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value when the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is 0; recording a first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values as an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value;

the processing subunit is configured to obtain an instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values, calculate a difference between the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and use the difference as a corrected current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.

6. The system of claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric material of the piezo-capacitive based piezoelectric film sensor is polyvinylidene fluoride.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background

An Extra Ventricular Drainage (EVD) is one of the most widely applied emergency treatment measures in neurosurgery, and is mainly used for emergency treatment or definite diagnosis of diseases causing intracranial pressure increase; intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an integral component of critical neurological therapy. IPC monitoring has been applied to clinical treatment management of patients with craniocerebral injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial tumors, intracranial hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, hydrocephalus, central nervous system infection, and fulminant hepatic failure.

When intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out, the prior art means mainly adopts an intracerebroventricular catheter, an external drainage tube and a sensor device. However, most of the ventricular external drainage systems and intracranial pressure monitors used in clinical practice are respectively and independently packaged, and after a patient needs to go to an operating room for ventricular external drainage, a pipeline is opened by a medical worker to connect the intracranial pressure monitoring system, so that the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, which can solve the problems that intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately in the prior art, the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused.

The invention provides an intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, which comprises: a drainage tube, a drainage device and a monitoring device; one end of the drainage tube is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end of the drainage tube is connected with the drainage device; a film pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube inserted into the ventricle of the patient, a lead is connected to the film pressure sensor, and the other end of the lead is connected with the monitoring device; the film pressure sensor is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the brain of a patient; the lead is used for transmitting the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal to the monitoring device.

Optionally, the thin film pressure sensor is used for continuously collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricle of the patient within a preset time period.

Optionally, the thin film pressure sensor is based on a pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric thin film sensor.

Optionally, the system further includes a correcting unit, where the correcting unit is configured to convert the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal continuously collected within a preset time period into a corresponding cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and correct the cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.

Optionally, the correction unit includes an acquisition subunit and a processing subunit;

the acquisition subunit is configured to acquire a current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the thin film pressure sensor, and acquire all N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values before the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value when the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is 0; recording a first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values as an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value;

the processing subunit is configured to obtain an instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values, calculate a difference between the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and use the difference as a corrected current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.

Optionally, the piezoelectric material of the pressure-capacitance-type piezoelectric thin film sensor is polyvinylidene fluoride.

The invention can produce the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, only one drainage tube is arranged, intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring can be simultaneously carried out, and therefore the problems that in the prior art, intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately, operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and infection is easily caused are effectively solved; meanwhile, the thin film pressure sensor for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricles of the patient is arranged on the inner wall (namely intracranial) of one end, inserted into the ventricles of the patient, of the drainage tube, so that the measurement of the intracranial pressure is more accurate.

(2) According to the intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, polyvinylidene fluoride is selected as the piezoelectric material based on the pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric film sensor, so that the pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric film sensor is good in piezoelectric performance and convenient to process and install.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intracranial flow guiding and intracranial pressure measuring integrated system provided by an embodiment of the invention.

List of parts and reference numerals:

11. a drainage tube; 12. a drainage device; 13. a monitoring device; 14. a thin film pressure sensor; 15. and (4) conducting wires.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The embodiment of the invention provides an intracranial flow guide and intracranial pressure measurement integrated system, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in figure 1: a drainage tube 11, a drainage device 12 and a monitoring device 13; one end of the drainage tube 11 is inserted into the ventricle of the brain of the patient, and the other end is connected with the drainage device 12; a film pressure sensor 14 is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube 11 inserted into the ventricle of the patient, a lead 15 is connected on the film pressure sensor 14, and the other end of the lead 15 is connected with a monitoring device 13; the film pressure sensor 14 is used for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricle of the brain of the patient; the lead 15 is used to conduct cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals to the monitoring device 13. Wherein the monitoring device may be a monitor.

In practice, the thin film pressure transducer 14 is used to continuously acquire cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals from the ventricle of a patient for a predetermined period of time. The thin film pressure sensor 14 may be a pressure-capacitance-based piezoelectric thin film sensor.

The invention directly measures the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal in the ventricle of the patient by selecting the film pressure sensor 14, because the pressure of the film pressure sensor 14 directly acts on the diaphragm of the sensor in the measuring process, the diaphragm generates micro-displacement which is in direct proportion to the medium pressure, the resistance of the sensor changes, and the change is detected by an electronic circuit and converted to output a standard signal corresponding to the pressure, compared with other sensors, the film pressure sensor 14 has the characteristics of small measuring range, high sensitivity, good anti-interference performance and the like, thereby being suitable for detecting the micro-signals of pulse, tube wall pressure fluctuation and the like. Therefore, the invention adopts the film pressure sensor 14, and can more accurately and rapidly measure the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal in the ventricle of the patient.

The intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring device can carry out intracranial diversion and intracranial pressure monitoring simultaneously by only arranging the drainage tube 11, thereby effectively solving the problems that the intracranial diversion and the intracranial pressure monitoring are carried out separately in the prior art, the operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the infection is easily caused; meanwhile, the thin film pressure sensor 14 for collecting cerebrospinal fluid pressure signals in the ventricle of the patient is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the drainage tube 11 inserted into the ventricle of the patient (namely, in the cranium), so that the measurement of the intracranial pressure is more accurate.

When the selection test of the piezoelectric film sensor is carried out, the two existing piezoelectric film sensors based on the pressure-capacitance type can only detect the dynamic change value of a measurement object, when the measurement object (intracranial pressure) is static and unchanged, the sensor cannot measure, and the output signal becomes zero. When similar conditions occur clinically, the monitor reading will be an abnormal value and will not reflect the actual intracranial pressure condition of the patient.

This occurs because the intracranial pressure fluctuates with the pulsation of the heart, and the amplitude varies from about 0.27 to 0.53kPa (equivalent to 2 to 4 mmHg), which is the result of the expansion of the artery with each beat of the heart. As the respiratory action changes, the intracranial pressure also fluctuates slowly with an amplitude of about 0.7 to 1.33kPa (corresponding to 5 to 10 mmHg), which is the result of venous fluctuations caused by the effect of the intrathoracic pressure on the superior vena cava. In addition, intracranial pressure also has spontaneous rhythmic fluctuation, which is a reaction of systemic vascular and cerebrovascular motion. Because intracranial pressure fluctuates due to a variety of factors, the measured pressure per unit time is of relative significance. To more accurately understand the intracranial pressure, continuous pressure measurement and recording methods should be used.

In order to solve the above problem, in an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a correcting unit, where the correcting unit is configured to convert the cerebrospinal fluid pressure signal continuously collected within a preset time period into a corresponding cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and correct the cerebrospinal fluid pressure value. And correcting the data through a data analog conversion algorithm, and perfecting the defects of the sensor by using the algorithm.

Specifically, the correction unit may include an acquisition subunit and a processing subunit; the acquisition subunit is used for acquiring the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the thin film pressure sensor and acquiring all N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values before the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value when the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is 0; and recording the first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value in the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values as an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.

And the processing subunit is used for obtaining an instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values, calculating a difference value between the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and an initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value, and taking the difference value as a corrected current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value.

Wherein, the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value is the first cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured after the thin film pressure sensor is arranged in the ventricle of the brain of the patient.

The processing subunit obtains the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value according to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values in various ways, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value may be obtained by performing differentiation processing or integration processing on waveforms corresponding to the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values; or the average value or the median value of the N cerebrospinal fluid pressure values can be obtained.

Therefore, when a measuring object (the intracranial pressure of a patient) is static and unchanged, the output signal becomes a zero value due to the fact that the film pressure sensor cannot measure aiming at the situation, the output signal is corrected by the correction unit at the moment, the zero value is replaced by the difference value of the instantaneous cerebrospinal fluid pressure value and the initial cerebrospinal fluid pressure value calculated by the processing subunit, and the difference value is used as the current cerebrospinal fluid pressure value measured by the film pressure sensor at the moment, so that the condition that the reading of a monitor is abnormal and the real intracranial pressure of the patient cannot be reflected is avoided.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) materials have numerous advantages, such as: the piezoelectric constant d parameter is more than ten times higher than that of quartz; the flexibility and the processing performance are good, and large-area thin film films with different thicknesses and shapes from 5um to lmm can be manufactured, so that the film is suitable for manufacturing large-area sensing array devices; low acoustic impedance: 3.5 multiplied by 10 < -6 > Pa.s/m, which is only 1/10 made of PZT piezoelectric ceramics, has acoustic impedance close to that of water and human muscle, has good flexibility, is convenient to be close to a human body, is safe and comfortable when being contacted with the human body, and therefore, when being used as a sensing element of a hydrophone and a medical instrument, an impedance converter is not needed; early response, flat response at room temperature in the range of 10-5-109Hz, i.e., switching electromechanical effects from quasi-static, low frequency, high frequency, ultrasonic, and ultra-high frequency; a wide dynamic range; the molecular structure chain of PVDF has fluorine atoms, so that it has high chemical stability, high fatigue resistance, low hygroscopicity and good mature stability, i.e. moisture resistance, most chemicals, oxidant, strong ultraviolet and nuclear radiation resistance; high dielectric strength; high mechanical strength and impact resistance; the weight is light; easy to process and install. Therefore, preferably, the piezoelectric material of the pressure-capacitance type piezoelectric thin film sensor is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).

Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.