阅读说明：本技术 一种南山藤精油成分提取方法 (Method for extracting essential oil components of caulis et folium piperis ) 是由 蒋梦圆 李文廷 胡琳 黄相中 黄薇 李干鹏 高雪梅 陈毅坚 于 2020-04-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种南山藤精油成分提取方法,涉及精油提取技术领域。该南山藤精油成分提取方法,包括以下步骤：S1：采摘南山藤花、S2：将采摘的南山藤花进行真空冻干,S3：将S2所得产物放入分解釜中,在分解釜中加入分解酶液,收集上侧反应气体,S4：南山藤精油的提取。通过采摘仅取出花柄的南山藤花并使用分解酶液分解南山藤花的细胞结构,使得采摘工人省去了采摘花冠的缓慢操作,使用水蒸气低压蒸馏与超临界CO2技术,使得南山藤花的精油提取程度达到最高,可以得到两种不同品质的南山藤精油,在超临界CO2萃取过程中不需要使用携带剂,提高了南山藤花的价值,为原料产地带来更多的收益,可以持续生产较长的时间。(The invention provides a method for extracting essential oil components of alpine galangal, and relates to the technical field of essential oil extraction. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal comprises the following steps: s1: picking the celastrus orbiculatus flowers, S2: vacuum freeze-drying the picked celastrus orbiculatus flowers, S3: putting the product obtained in the step S2 into a decomposition kettle, adding a decomposition enzyme liquid into the decomposition kettle, collecting upper side reaction gas, and performing step S4: extracting the essential oil of the south mountain vine. The method has the advantages that the slow operation of picking the flower crowns is omitted for picking workers by picking the celastrus orbiculatus flowers only taking out the flower stalks and decomposing the cell structures of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers by using the decomposing enzyme liquid, the steam low-pressure distillation and supercritical CO2 technology is used, the extraction degree of the essential oil of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers is the highest, two kinds of celastrus orbiculatus essential oil with different qualities can be obtained, carrying agents are not needed in the supercritical CO2 extraction process, the value of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers is improved, more benefits are brought to the raw material producing area, and the long-time continuous production can be realized.)

1. A method for extracting essential oil components of south mountain vine is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: picking the celastrus orbiculatus flowers;

s2: rapidly performing vacuum freeze-drying on the celastrus orbiculatus flowers picked in S1, controlling the relative water content of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers to 10-15%, and grinding, wherein the grinding temperature of a grinding device is not higher than 5 ℃;

s3: and (3) putting the product obtained in the step (S2) into a decomposition kettle, adding a decomposition enzyme liquid into the decomposition kettle, adjusting the pH value of the decomposition kettle to 5-6, controlling the decomposition initial temperature of the decomposition kettle to 15-25 ℃, decomposing for 7-8 h, and collecting upper side reaction gas.

S4.1: mixing the south mountain vine flower scraps containing the decomposition enzyme in the decomposition kettle with water, carrying out steam low-pressure distillation, heating the mixture at 40-50 ℃, cooling the distilled gas to obtain crude essential oil, placing the crude essential oil in a centrifuge for centrifugation, and separating the layered oil and water to obtain the south mountain vine essential oil 1.

S4.2: and (3) placing the reaction gas on the upper side of the decomposition kettle into a supercritical CO2 device, standing for 1-2 h, and taking the upper layer to obtain the kadsura pepper stem essential oil 2.

2. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the picking time of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers is 4-9 months, and flower stalks of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers are removed after the celastrus orbiculatus flowers are picked.

3. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the decomposing enzyme liquid contains cellulose hydrolase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease, and the decomposing enzyme liquid contains not less than 85% of decomposing enzyme.

4. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure of the steam low-pressure distillation is 0.05-0.1 Mpa. The time of the low-pressure distillation of the water vapor is 1.5-2 h.

5. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine is controlled to be 5000-6000 r/min, and the working time of the centrifugal machine is 15-20 min.

6. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure in the supercritical CO2 device is 20-35 Mpa, and the flow rate is 10-15 kg/h.

7. The method for extracting the essential oil components of the alpine galangal according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and cooling the distilled gas by using circulating water, wherein the temperature of the circulating water is 10-15 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of essential oil extraction, in particular to a method for extracting essential oil components of alpine galangal.

Background

Caulis et folium piperis (academic name: Dregea volubilis) is a plant of genus Celastrus of Apocynaceae. Is distributed in Thailand, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Bengal, Taiwan island, Vietnam, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan in continental China, and the like, grows in areas with an elevation of 500 meters, and mostly grows in mountain forests and big trees. The edible parts are tender stem leaves and buds, tomato and eggs, and the edible parts are boiled or fried, or boiled with boiled water for 5-10 min, and then rinsed with cold boiled water, and cold mixed with seasonings, and the wild vegetable is sweet and bitter in taste and delicious, and is a wild vegetable used as medicine and food. The root and stem of the Chinese medicinal composition have the effects of clearing heat, promoting urination, treating stomach heat, stomachache and the like. The caulis et folium piperis fiber can also be used as artificial cotton.

The flower crowns of the south mountain rattans have fragrance and longer flowering phase, and are only eaten as food at present, so that the utilization value of the south mountain rattans is reduced, the flowers are small in size and dense, the flower crowns are not easy to pick independently, and the south mountain rattans are not easy to produce essential oil.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting essential oil components of climbing fern, which solves the problems that climbing fern has low utilization value and small corolla and is not easy to process into products.

(II) technical scheme

2. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for extracting essential oil components of caulis et folium piperis comprises the following steps:

s1: picking the celastrus orbiculatus flowers;

s2: rapidly performing vacuum freeze-drying on the celastrus orbiculatus flowers picked in S1, controlling the relative water content of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers to 10-15%, and grinding, wherein the grinding temperature of a grinding device is not higher than 5 ℃;

s3: and (3) putting the product obtained in the step (S2) into a decomposition kettle, adding a decomposition enzyme liquid into the decomposition kettle, adjusting the pH value of the decomposition kettle to 5-6, controlling the decomposition initial temperature of the decomposition kettle to 15-25 ℃, decomposing for 7-8 h, and collecting upper side reaction gas.

S4.1: mixing the south mountain vine flower scraps containing the decomposition enzyme in the decomposition kettle with water, carrying out steam low-pressure distillation, heating the mixture at 40-50 ℃, cooling the distilled gas to obtain crude essential oil, placing the crude essential oil in a centrifuge for centrifugation, and separating the layered oil and water to obtain the south mountain vine essential oil 1.

S4.2: and (3) placing the reaction gas on the upper side of the decomposition kettle into a supercritical CO2 device, standing for 1-2 h, and taking the upper layer to obtain the kadsura pepper stem essential oil 2.

Preferably, the picking time of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers is 4-9 months, and flower stalks of the celastrus orbiculatus flowers are removed after picking.

Preferably, the decomposing enzyme solution contains cellulose hydrolase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease, and the decomposing enzyme solution contains not less than 85% of decomposing enzyme.

Preferably, the pressure of the steam low-pressure distillation is 0.05-0.1 MPa. The time of the low-pressure distillation of the water vapor is 1.5-2 h.

Preferably, the rotating speed of the centrifugal machine is controlled to be 5000-6000 r/min, and the working time of the centrifugal machine is 15-20 min.

Preferably, the pressure in the supercritical CO2 device is 20-35 Mpa, and the flow rate is 10-15 kg/h.

Preferably, the distilled gas is cooled by circulating water, and the temperature of the circulating water is 10-15 ℃.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention provides a method for extracting essential oil components of alpine galangal. The method has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention extracts the essential oil from the flowers of the south mountain rattans, expands the value of the south mountain rattans except for edible and ornamental value, has long flower period of the south mountain rattans, can continuously obtain the south mountain rattans essential oil for a long time, and has considerable raw materials.

2. According to the invention, the special picking of the flower crowns of the climbing fern is not needed, and only the flower stalks are taken out, so that the picking efficiency of picking workers is improved, and the raw material of the climbing fern essential oil can be rapidly supplied.

3. According to the invention, the steam low-pressure distillation and supercritical CO2 technology are adopted, so that the extraction degree of the essential oil of the climbing fern flower is highest, two types of climbing fern essential oil with different qualities can be obtained, and no carrying agent is needed in the supercritical CO2 extraction process.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.