阅读说明：本技术 一种三外导流冷凝器 (Three-external-diversion condenser ) 是由 陈满 张富 陈韶范 马金伟 苏畅 张向南 高杰 齐兴 杨磊杰 杨春天 张斯亮 于 2020-04-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种三外导流冷凝器,主要包括壳体及安装在壳体内的传热管束,壳体两端安装的管箱,包括若干外导流结构,该外导流结构和壳体同轴安装,分别密封安装在所述壳体的两端及中部并和壳体内腔贯通,外导流结构上安装有流体进口或出口。本发明壳程工艺流体进出口采用三外导流结构,以降低壳程流体阻力降、增益壳程进出口流体分布、提高设备紧凑度、增大传热效率、提高壳程流体出口液相与不凝气的分离效率。(The utility model provides a three outer water conservancy diversion condensers, mainly includes the casing and installs the heat transfer tube bank in the casing, and the pipe case of casing both ends installation includes a plurality of outer water conservancy diversion structures, and this outer water conservancy diversion structure and casing coaxial arrangement seal installation respectively are in the both ends and the middle part of casing link up with the casing inner chamber, and the structural fluid inlet or the export of installing of outer water conservancy diversion. The shell pass process fluid inlet and outlet of the invention adopts a three-external flow guide structure, so as to reduce the resistance drop of shell pass fluid, increase the fluid distribution of the shell pass inlet and outlet, improve the compactness of equipment, increase the heat transfer efficiency and improve the separation efficiency of liquid phase and non-condensable gas of the shell pass fluid outlet.)

1. The utility model provides a three outer water conservancy diversion condensers, mainly includes the casing and installs the heat transfer tube bank in the casing, the case of casing both ends installation, its characterized in that includes a plurality of outer water conservancy diversion structures, and this outer water conservancy diversion structure and casing (3) coaxial arrangement seal installation respectively in the both ends and the middle part of casing (3) link up with casing (3) inner chamber, install fluid inlet or export on the outer water conservancy diversion structure.

2. A three external guide condenser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer flow guide structure is formed by coaxially mounting an outer flow guide cylinder and an inner distribution cylinder, the outer flow guide cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell (3) through the inner distribution cylinder, and a fluid inlet or a fluid outlet is arranged on the outer flow guide cylinder.

3. A three external guide condenser as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inner distributing cylinders (2) at the end parts of the outer flow guide structures at the two ends of the shell (3) are not provided with holes in the area of the hot fluid inlet, the other parts are uniformly provided with long round holes to ensure that the outer flow guide cylinder at the end part (9) is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell (3), and the upper part of the outer flow guide cylinder at the end part (9) is provided with a shell-side fluid inlet (8).

4. A three external guide condenser as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and a shell pass condensation discharging port (16) is arranged at the lower part of the end part outer guide cylinder (9) of the outer guide structure positioned at the two ends of the shell (3).

5. A three external guide condenser as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the upper part and the lower part of an inner distribution cylinder (4) in the middle of an outer diversion structure in the middle of the shell (3) are provided with oblong holes so that an inner cavity of the shell (3) is communicated with an outer diversion cylinder (12) in the middle, and the top of the outer diversion cylinder (12) in the middle is provided with a shell-side non-condensable gas outlet (11).

6. A three external guide condenser as claimed in claim 5, wherein: a demister (10) is arranged at the shell side noncondensable gas outlet (11).

7. A three external guide condenser as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the middle outer guide cylinder (12) of the outer guide structure positioned in the middle of the shell (3) is provided with a shell side condensate outlet (18).

8. A three-external guide condenser as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the heat exchange tubes of the condenser heat transfer tube bundle (20) are threaded tubes or corrugated tubes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of condensation heat transfer of vacuum dividing walls, and particularly relates to a three-external-diversion condenser.

Background

At present, the condensation heat transfer technology of the vacuum dividing wall mostly adopts a shell side non-external flow guide structure or a shell side single external flow guide structure, and the shell side of the structure adopts an inlet, two outlets and a shell side split cooling technology. But has the defects of complex equipment structure, large shell pass resistance drop, insufficient separation of shell pass non-condensable gas and condensed liquid and more liquid in the non-condensable gas.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a three-external flow guide condenser which has simple structure, reduced resistance, compactness, high efficiency and high separation efficiency of shell-side non-condensable gas and condensed liquid for a heavy-load vacuum dividing wall condensation heat transfer technology.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a three outer water conservancy diversion condensers, mainly includes the casing and installs the heat transfer tube bank in the casing, and the pipe case of casing both ends installation includes a plurality of outer water conservancy diversion structures, and this outer water conservancy diversion structure and casing coaxial arrangement seal installation respectively are in the both ends and the middle part of casing link up with the casing inner chamber, and the structural fluid inlet or the export of installing of outer water conservancy diversion.

The outer guide structure is formed by coaxially mounting an outer guide cylinder and an inner distribution cylinder, the outer guide cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell through the inner distribution cylinder, and a fluid inlet or a fluid outlet is mounted on the outer guide cylinder.

The inner distributing cylinders at the end parts of the outer flow guide structures at the two ends of the shell are not provided with holes in the area of the hot fluid inlet, the other parts are uniformly provided with long round holes to ensure that the outer flow guide cylinders at the end parts are communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, and the upper parts of the outer flow guide cylinders at the end parts are provided with shell pass fluid inlets.

The inlet and outlet positions of the shell adopt three outer flow guide structures, two outer flow guide structures are arranged at two ends of the shell, and one outer flow guide structure is arranged in the middle of the shell; the outer guide cylinders at the two shell ends can greatly reduce the flow velocity of shell inlet fluid entering the tube bundle, so that the pressure drop at the shell-side fluid inlet side is reduced. The outer guide cylinder in the middle of the shell provides a separation space for fully separating shell pass non-condensable gas from condensed liquid, and increases the distribution of fluid at an inlet and an outlet of the shell pass. The three outer flow guide structures of the shell enable the condenser tube plate to be arranged with heat exchange tubes without considering the distribution and anti-impact space of shell fluid, so that the heat exchange tubes are fully distributed on the tube plate, the short circuit of shell side fluid is avoided, the improvement of the heat transfer efficiency of the condenser due to the short circuit of the shell side fluid is avoided for the condensation working condition containing non-condensable gas, and the available space and the heat exchange area of the condenser are increased. In addition, the effective separation of the shell-side noncondensable gas and the condensate also increases the heat transfer efficiency of the shell-side fluid of the heat exchanger, thereby improving the total heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic shell-side cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a middle draft tube of the present invention.

Reference numerals: a front header 1; an end inner distribution cylinder 2; a housing 3; the middle part is internally provided with a distribution cylinder 4; a rear header 5; a support 6; a tube-side fluid outlet 7; a shell-side fluid inlet 8; an end part outer draft tube 9; a demister 10; a shell side noncondensable gas outlet 11; a middle outer draft tube 12; a tube-side exhaust port 13; a tube side condensate outlet 14; a tube bundle support plate 15; a shell side condensate outlet 16; a baffle plate 17; a shell-side condensate outlet 18; a tube-side fluid inlet 19; a heat transfer tube bundle 20.

Detailed Description

The invention and its advantages will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, a condenser of a triple external diversion condenser has a structure including a front header 1, a shell 3, a rear header 5, a heat transfer tube bundle 20 and a support 6. The front tube box 1 and the rear tube box 5 are hermetically connected with tube plates at two ends of the heat transfer tube bundle 20, and the shell 3 is connected with the tube plates at two ends of the heat transfer tube bundle 20 and wraps the heat transfer tube bundle in the shell; the support 6 supports the entire condenser, which is arranged horizontally. According to the invention, cold fluid flows in the heat transfer tube bundle, hot fluid flows out of the heat transfer tube bundle, the hot fluid transfers heat with the dividing wall of the cold fluid, and after heat exchange, the hot fluid is condensed into liquid and a small amount of non-condensable gas is separated out.

As shown in fig. 1, the heat transfer process of the condenser is as follows: the tube pass fluid flows into the front tube box 1 (a pass partition plate is arranged in the tube box 1) from the tube pass fluid inlet 19, then enters the tube bundle 20 from the front tube box 1 to exchange heat with the shell pass fluid partition wall, then returns to the front tube box 1, and flows out from the tube pass fluid outlet 7, and the upper part and the lower part of the rear tube box 5 are respectively provided with a tube pass exhaust port 13 and a tube pass condensation discharge port 14.

A plurality of outer flow guide structures are added into the structure of the condenser, the outer flow guide structures and the shell 3 are coaxially arranged, are respectively and hermetically arranged at the two ends and the middle part of the shell 3 and are communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 3, and fluid inlets or fluid outlets are arranged on the outer flow guide structures to form the three-outer flow guide condensation.

Referring to fig. 2, the outer guide structure is formed by coaxially installing an outer guide cylinder and an inner distribution cylinder, the inner distribution cylinder can also be a part of the shell 3, the outer guide cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 3 through the inner distribution cylinder, and the outer guide cylinder is provided with a fluid inlet or a fluid outlet. The outer flow guide structure consists of an outer flow guide cylinder and an inner distribution cylinder and aims to give consideration to the flow guide, distribution and separation effects of the shell-side fluid.

The inner distributing cylinders 2 at the end parts of the outer flow guide structures at the two ends of the shell 3 are not provided with holes in the area of the hot fluid inlet, so that the shell side fluid is prevented from vibrating caused by washing the tube bundle, the other parts are uniformly provided with long round holes, the outer flow guide cylinders 9 at the end parts are communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 3, so that the shell side fluid uniformly enters the tube bundle, and the upper parts of the outer flow guide cylinders 9 at the end parts are provided with shell side fluid inlets 8.

The lower part of the end part outer guide cylinder 9 of the outer guide structure at the two ends of the shell 3 is provided with a shell pass condensation discharging port 16, which is used for ensuring the process performance of the condenser.

The upper part and the lower part of the inner distribution cylinder 4 in the middle of the outer diversion structure in the middle of the shell 3 are provided with oblong holes so that the middle outer diversion cylinder 12 is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 3, and the complete discharge of shell side condensate and non-condensate is ensured. The rest parts of the middle inner distribution cylinder 4 are not provided with holes to prevent the short circuit of shell pass fluid, thus ensuring the full utilization of the area of the condenser, and the top of the middle outer draft tube 12 is provided with a shell pass noncondensable gas outlet 11.

The bottom of the middle outer draft tube 12 of the outer draft structure in the middle of the shell 3 is provided with a shell side condensate outlet 18, which is used for ensuring the technological performance of the condenser.

And a demister 10 is arranged at a shell side non-condensable gas outlet 11, so that the dryness of the non-condensable gas on the shell side of the condenser can be ensured.

The heat exchange tubes of the condenser heat transfer tube bundle 20 are threaded tubes or corrugated tubes, so as to improve the heat transfer performance of the condenser.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the shell-side fluid firstly enters an end part outer guide cylinder 9 through a shell-side fluid inlet 8, the shell-side fluid firstly flows to the part, not perforated, of the end part of the distribution cylinder 2 in the end part, after blocking and impact prevention, the shell-side fluid is diffused and decelerated in the end part outer guide cylinder 9, the part, not perforated, of the distribution cylinder 2 in the end part of the shell-side fluid enters the heat transfer tube bundle 20 after being uniformly distributed through the distribution holes of the distribution cylinder 2 in the end part, and then is subjected to heat exchange and condensation with the tube-side fluid partition wall in the heat.

After the shell pass fluid is condensed through the tube bundle 20, the non-condensable gas enters the middle outer guide cylinder 12 through an opening on the upper part of the middle inner distribution cylinder 4 to be diffused and realize primary separation, and the non-condensable gas subjected to primary separation upwards passes through the demister 10 to be subjected to secondary separation and then flows out from a shell pass non-condensable gas outlet 11. Condensed condensate enters the middle outer guide cylinder through an opening at the lower part of the middle inner distribution cylinder 4 and flows out of a shell side condensate outlet 18.

The shell pass process fluid inlet and outlet of the invention adopts a three-external flow guide structure, so as to reduce the resistance drop of the shell pass fluid, improve the compactness of equipment, increase the heat transfer efficiency and improve the separation efficiency of the liquid phase and the non-condensable gas at the outlet of the shell pass fluid.

The invention adopts the three-external flow guide structure, not only considers the anti-impact and flow guide of the shell pass fluid, but also considers the complete discharge of the shell pass non-condensable gas and the condensate, ensures the full separation of the non-condensable gas and the condensate, simultaneously realizes the full distribution of the tube bundle heat exchange tubes, avoids the short circuit of the shell pass fluid, and has great benefit for improving the heat transfer efficiency of the condenser by avoiding the short circuit of the shell pass fluid and increasing the heat exchange area of the condenser for the condensation working condition containing the non-condensable gas.