阅读说明：本技术 一种高温燃气中金属粉末点火燃烧试验装置 (Metal powder ignition combustion test device in high-temperature gas ) 是由 冯运超 马立坤 夏智勋 黄利亚 陈斌斌 杨大力 张家瑞 李明泰 于 2020-04-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种高温燃气中金属粉末点火燃烧试验装置,包括非预混燃烧器以及燃烧室,非预混燃烧器和燃烧室密封连接在一起；非预混燃烧器包括炉体以及彼此独立设置在炉体内的氧化剂通道、燃料通道和粉末通道,氧化剂、燃料以及金属粉末分别通过氧化剂通道、燃料通道和粉末通道进入到燃烧室中点火燃烧；所述燃烧室下游的出口段为收缩结构,最末端的燃气出口处的截面积最小；燃烧室壁面上安装有透明观察窗。本发明能够为金属粉末的点火燃烧提供更接近实际的高温高压多种氧化性气体混合的环境,同时,采用先进的燃烧诊断设备可以对金属粉末整个点火燃烧过程进行分析,所获实验数据的工程应用价值高。(The invention provides a test device for ignition and combustion of metal powder in high-temperature gas, which comprises a non-premixed burner and a combustion chamber, wherein the non-premixed burner and the combustion chamber are hermetically connected together; the non-premixed burner comprises a furnace body, and an oxidant passage, a fuel passage and a powder passage which are independently arranged in the furnace body, wherein the oxidant, the fuel and the metal powder respectively enter a combustion chamber through the oxidant passage, the fuel passage and the powder passage to be ignited and combusted; the outlet section at the downstream of the combustion chamber is of a contraction structure, and the sectional area of a gas outlet at the tail end is the smallest; the wall surface of the combustion chamber is provided with a transparent observation window. The invention can provide an environment which is closer to the actual mixing of a plurality of oxidizing gases at high temperature and high pressure for the ignition combustion of the metal powder, and simultaneously, the whole ignition combustion process of the metal powder can be analyzed by adopting advanced combustion diagnosis equipment, and the engineering application value of the obtained experimental data is high.)

1. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature gas is characterized by comprising a non-premixed burner and a combustion chamber, wherein the non-premixed burner and the combustion chamber are hermetically connected together; the non-premixed burner comprises a furnace body, and an oxidant passage, a fuel passage and a powder passage which are independently arranged in the furnace body, wherein the oxidant, the fuel and the metal powder respectively enter a combustion chamber through the oxidant passage, the fuel passage and the powder passage to be ignited and combusted; the outlet section at the downstream of the combustion chamber is of a contraction structure, and the sectional area of a gas outlet at the tail end is the smallest; the wall surface of the combustion chamber is provided with a transparent observation window.

2. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature gas as recited in claim 1, wherein the furnace body is of a split structure and comprises a plurality of sections of furnace body units which are hermetically connected end to end.

3. The device for testing the metal powder ignition combustion in the high-temperature fuel gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace body is an integrally formed integral structure.

4. The device for testing ignition combustion of metal powder in high-temperature gas as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the powder passage is a powder conduit passing from the outside of the furnace body to the combustion chamber.

5. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature gas as recited in claim 4, wherein an independent fuel gas collection chamber is arranged in the furnace body, the fuel gas collection chamber is communicated with the fuel inlet, the fuel enters the fuel gas collection chamber from the fuel inlet, the fuel gas collection chamber is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline, and the gas in the fuel gas collection chamber is introduced into the combustion chamber;

an independent oxidant gas collecting cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the oxidant gas collecting cavity is communicated with an oxidant inlet, an oxidant enters the oxidant gas collecting cavity from the oxidant inlet, and the oxidant gas collecting cavity is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline to introduce the oxidant into the combustion chamber.

6. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature fuel gas as claimed in claim 5, wherein a plurality of fuel inlets and a plurality of oxidant inlets are provided, the plurality of fuel inlets are uniformly distributed on the peripheral furnace wall of the fuel gas collecting cavity, and the plurality of oxidant inlets are uniformly distributed on the peripheral furnace wall of the oxidant gas collecting cavity.

7. The device for testing metal powder ignition combustion in high-temperature fuel gas as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fuel gas collection chamber is communicated with a plurality of fuel conduits, the gas outlet of each fuel conduit extends into the combustion chamber, and the fuel gas in the fuel gas collection chamber is introduced into the combustion chamber through the fuel conduits.

8. The device for testing metal powder ignition combustion in high-temperature combustion gas according to claim 6, an isolation plate is arranged above the bottom wall in the furnace body, a closed space between the isolation plate and the bottom wall is a fuel gas collection cavity, the isolating plate is provided with a through hole for penetrating the fuel conduit, a porous foam plate is arranged above the isolating plate, a cavity between the isolating plate and the porous foam plate is an oxidant gas-collecting cavity, the porous foam board is provided with through holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes on the isolation board, the air inlet of each fuel conduit is communicated with the fuel gas collection cavity, each fuel conduit sequentially penetrates through the isolation board and the through holes on the porous foam board, the air outlet of each fuel conduit extends into the combustion chamber, a sealing structure is arranged between each fuel conduit and the isolation board, and sealing structures are arranged between the isolation board and the inner side wall of the furnace body and between the porous foam board and the inner side wall of the furnace body.

9. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in high-temperature fuel gas of claim 8, wherein the fuel conduit is in clearance fit with the through holes on the porous foam plate, and the oxidant in the oxidant gas collecting cavity enters the combustion chamber through the clearance.

10. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature gas as claimed in claim 8, wherein a steel ball support plate is arranged inside the fuel gas collection chamber, the steel ball support plate is located above each fuel inlet, the steel ball support plate divides the fuel gas collection chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, a large number of air vents are arranged on the surface of the steel ball support plate, a large number of steel balls are filled in the upper chamber on the steel ball support plate, the fuel enters the lower chamber of the fuel gas collection chamber from the fuel inlets, enters the upper chamber of the fuel gas collection chamber through the air vents on the steel ball support plate, and is fully mixed in the upper chamber filled with the steel balls.

11. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature fuel gas as claimed in claim 8, wherein the powder channel penetrates into the furnace body from the center of the bottom wall of the furnace body, then sequentially penetrates through the fuel gas collecting cavity and the oxidant gas collecting cavity to enter the combustion chamber, and a sealing structure is arranged between the powder channel and the bottom wall of the furnace body and between the powder channel and the partition plate.

12. The device for testing the metal powder ignition combustion in the high-temperature gas as recited in claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a pressure-bearing cover, and the pressure-bearing cover is hermetically connected with a furnace body of the non-premixed burner; a spark plug and a pressure sensor are arranged on one side wall of the pressure-bearing cover; one side wall of the pressure-bearing cover is provided with a large observation window to realize the observation of the ignition combustion process of the metal powder by external combustion diagnosis equipment; two small observation windows with aligned centers are arranged on two opposite side walls of the pressure bearing cover, the two small observation windows correspond to the outlet positions of the powder channel, one window is used as an inlet of an external light source, and the other window is used for observing the initial state of the powder jet flow.

13. The metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature gas as recited in claim 12, wherein the outlet section of the combustion chamber is connected with a throat, the throat is made of graphite material, the throat is connected with the contraction section through a throat clamping sleeve, the nozzle hole in the throat is also of a contraction structure, and the cross-sectional area of the nozzle hole at the extreme end of the nozzle hole is the smallest.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a metal powder ignition combustion test device, in particular to a metal powder ignition combustion test device in a gas environment with adjustable working condition wide range.

Background

The metal powder of magnesium, aluminum and the like is widely applied to energetic materials of solid propellant, explosive and the like. In these energetic materials, the energy contained in the metal powder is released by chemical reaction with the high temperature oxidizing gas. The high-temperature oxidizing gas is generally a product of rapid ignition combustion of components other than metal powder in the energetic material, mainly comprises a mixture of oxidizing gases such as oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, and has a certain pressure. Therefore, the research on the ignition and combustion process of the metal powder in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas environment has very important significance for accurately optimizing the formula composition of the energetic material and accurately indicating the working performance of the solid rocket engine and the explosion effect of the explosive.

In order to simulate the high-temperature oxidation environment during the metal powder ignition combustion, a premixed flat flame burner is generally used as a device for generating high-temperature oxidizing gas, denoted as device a, as shown in fig. 1. It mainly comprises a porous furnace plate, a premixing cavity, a powder supply pipeline and the like. The furnace plate of the device A is of a porous structure, can be made of a prefabricated honeycomb structure material, and can also be machined from a high-temperature-resistant metal material. A gap structure formed by two layers of steel balls is arranged in the premixing cavity, and after the fuel and the oxidant enter the premixing cavity of the planar flame burner, the fuel and the oxidant are fully mixed in the areas of the two layers of steel balls. The uniformly mixed gas passes through the porous furnace plate to form uniform high-temperature fuel gas. And the metal powder enters high-temperature fuel gas through the powder supply pipeline to be ignited and combusted. The fuel used for the operation of the device A is hydrocarbon, and the oxidant is air or oxygen. The device A can obtain the ignition and combustion characteristic parameters of the metal powder, and lays a foundation for knowing the ignition and combustion process of the metal powder. But during the use, the safety is poor because the fuel and the oxidizer are fully mixed before ignition. In order to prevent the flame from backfiring, the flow rate of the fuel and oxidant mixture must be greater than the flame propagation speed, so the type of fuel, the mixture ratio of the fuel and oxidant, and the pressure need to be controlled within safe ranges, which makes it difficult to achieve wide-range adjustment of parameters such as gas composition, temperature, pressure, etc. For example, when studying the ignition and combustion characteristics of metal powder in a water vapor environment, the device a needs to use hydrogen as fuel and oxygen as oxidant, and it is difficult to create a high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor environment with the device a because the flame propagation speed of premixed hydrogen and oxygen is high. In addition, the furnace plate in the device A is directly exposed to high-temperature oxidizing gas environment during the test and is easy to be ablated, so that the furnace plate needs to be frequently replaced and the economy is not good.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a test device for ignition and combustion of metal powder in high-temperature gas.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:

the metal powder ignition combustion test device in the high-temperature gas comprises a non-premixed burner and a combustion chamber, wherein the non-premixed burner and the combustion chamber are connected together in a sealing manner; the non-premixed burner comprises a furnace body, and an oxidant passage, a fuel passage and a powder passage which are independently arranged in the furnace body, wherein the oxidant, the fuel and the metal powder respectively enter a combustion chamber through the oxidant passage, the fuel passage and the powder passage to be ignited and combusted; the outlet section at the downstream of the combustion chamber is of a contraction structure, and the sectional area of a gas outlet at the tail end is the smallest; the wall surface of the combustion chamber is provided with a transparent observation window.

Furthermore, the furnace body can be designed into a split structure and comprises a plurality of sections of furnace body units which are connected end to end in a sealing way. The split structure is convenient for integral production, transportation, maintenance, replacement and installation.

Further, the furnace body of the invention can also be designed into an integrally formed integral structure. The integrated structure is more excellent in integrity, sealing, pressure bearing and the like.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder passage is a powder duct penetrating from the outside of the furnace body to the combustion chamber.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, an independent fuel gas-collecting cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the fuel gas-collecting cavity is communicated with a fuel inlet, fuel enters the fuel gas-collecting cavity from the fuel inlet, the fuel gas-collecting cavity is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline, and fuel gas in the fuel gas-collecting cavity is introduced into the combustion chamber. An independent oxidant gas collecting cavity is arranged in the furnace body, the oxidant gas collecting cavity is communicated with an oxidant inlet, an oxidant enters the oxidant gas collecting cavity from the oxidant inlet, and the oxidant gas collecting cavity is communicated with the combustion chamber through a pipeline to introduce the oxidant into the combustion chamber.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel inlet and the oxidant inlet are both provided in plurality, the plurality of fuel inlets are uniformly distributed on the peripheral furnace wall of the fuel gas collecting chamber, and the plurality of oxidant inlets are uniformly distributed on the peripheral furnace wall of the oxidant gas collecting chamber.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the fuel gas collecting cavity is communicated with a plurality of fuel conduits, the gas outlet of each fuel conduit extends into the combustion chamber, and the fuel gas in the fuel gas collecting cavity is introduced into the combustion chamber through the fuel conduits.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, a partition plate is arranged above a bottom wall in the furnace body, a closed space between the partition plate and the bottom wall is a fuel gas collection chamber, through holes for penetrating fuel conduits are formed in the partition plate, a porous foam plate is arranged above the partition plate, a cavity between the partition plate and the porous foam plate is an oxidant gas collection chamber, through holes corresponding to the through holes in the partition plate one by one are formed in the porous foam plate, air inlets of the fuel conduits are communicated with the fuel gas collection chamber, the fuel conduits sequentially penetrate through the partition plate and the through holes in the porous foam plate, air outlets of the fuel conduits extend into the combustion chamber, a sealing structure is arranged between each fuel conduit and the partition plate, and sealing structures are arranged between the partition plate and the inner side wall of the furnace body and between the porous foam plate and the inner.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the fuel guide pipe is in clearance fit with the through holes on the porous foam plate, and the oxidant in the oxidant gas collecting cavity enters the combustion chamber through the clearance.

According to the preferable scheme of the invention, a steel ball support plate is arranged in the fuel gas collection cavity and is positioned above each fuel inlet, the steel ball support plate divides the fuel gas collection cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a large number of air holes are formed in the plate surface of the steel ball support plate, a large number of steel balls are filled in the upper cavity of the steel ball support plate, fuel enters the lower cavity of the fuel gas collection cavity from the fuel inlets and enters the upper cavity of the fuel gas collection cavity through the air holes in the steel ball support plate, and the upper cavities filled with the steel balls are fully mixed.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the powder channel penetrates into the furnace body from the center of the bottom wall of the furnace body and then sequentially penetrates through the fuel gas collecting cavity and the oxidant gas collecting cavity to enter the combustion chamber, and a sealing structure is arranged among the powder channel, the bottom wall of the furnace body and the partition plate.

As the preferred scheme of the invention, the combustion chamber comprises a pressure-bearing cover, and the pressure-bearing cover is hermetically connected with a furnace body of the non-premixed combustor; a spark plug and a pressure sensor are arranged on one side wall of the pressure-bearing cover; one side wall of the pressure-bearing cover is provided with a large observation window to realize the observation of the ignition combustion process of the metal powder by external combustion diagnosis equipment; two small observation windows with aligned centers are arranged on two opposite side walls of the pressure bearing cover, the two small observation windows correspond to the outlet positions of the powder channel, one window is used as an inlet of an external light source, and the other window is used for observing the initial state of the powder jet flow.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the outlet section of the combustion chamber is connected with a throat, the throat is made of graphite materials, the throat is connected with the contraction section through a throat clamping sleeve, the spray hole in the throat is also of a contraction structure, and the sectional area of the spray hole at the tail end of the spray hole is the smallest.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

the invention can provide an environment which is closer to the actual mixing of a plurality of oxidizing gases at high temperature and high pressure for the ignition combustion of the metal powder, and simultaneously, the whole ignition combustion process of the metal powder can be analyzed by adopting advanced combustion diagnosis equipment, and the engineering application value of the obtained experimental data is high.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of an apparatus A;

FIG. 2 is a general diagram of the assay system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a non-premix burner of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an external view of a non-premix burner according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a first cross-sectional view of a high pressure combustor in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a second sectional view of the high pressure combustor of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an external view of a high pressure combustor in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a metallic powder ignition combustion test apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an external view of a metal powder ignition combustion test apparatus according to the present invention;

reference numbers in the figures:

1. a gas outlet; 2. a large observation window; 3. a porous foam sheet; 4. a fuel conduit; 5. an oxidant inlet; 6. a fuel inlet; 7. a fuel gas collection chamber; 8. a powder conduit; 9. a spark plug; 10. an upper furnace body; 11. a separator plate; 12. a lower furnace body; 13. steel balls; 14. a steel ball support plate; 15. a powder conduit sealed cavity; 16. a powder conduit sealing cover; 17. a powder conduit protection tube; 18. an oxidant gas collection chamber; 19. a foam board fixing screw; 20. a red copper seal gasket; 21. a throat spraying clamping sleeve; 22. spraying the throat; 23. a contraction section; 24. a red copper gasket; 25. an asbestos gasket; 26. a square pressing plate; 27. a pressure-bearing cover; 28. a spark plug gasket; 29. a pressure sensor; 30. a seal ring; 31. a circular pressing plate; 32. a small observation window; 33. a sealing groove; 34. a combustion chamber.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.