阅读说明：本技术 盐碱地脱盐方法 (Saline-alkali soil desalting method ) 是由 荣恩辉 羊为行 于 2020-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了盐碱地脱盐方法,包括以下步骤：采用旋耕机深耕深翻平整土地,将表层土壤中的盐分翻至下层,同时把含盐较少的下层土壤翻至表层；通过播肥机抛洒混有河水的有机肥料,增加土壤中有机质含量,改善土壤理化性状和盐分组成,降低土壤pH值；采用粉碎机粉碎秸秆,将秸秆腐熟分解后,通过播种机播撒碎秸秆,覆盖在施加肥料后的土壤上,降低了土表温度,降低土壤的水分蒸发量,为土壤生物提供了大量营养,繁殖微生物；种植耐盐植物,增加地面覆盖度,抑制土壤返盐。本发明通过机械化作业,减少人工耗费,提高脱盐效率。同时对环境更友好,成本也更低,且可以防止土地返盐。(The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil desalting method, which comprises the following steps: deep ploughing and deep ploughing flat soil by adopting a rotary cultivator, ploughing salt in the surface soil to a lower layer, and ploughing the lower layer soil with less salt to the surface; organic fertilizers mixed with river water are thrown by a fertilizer spreader, so that the content of organic matters in soil is increased, the physical and chemical properties and salt composition of the soil are improved, and the pH value of the soil is reduced; crushing straws by a crusher, decomposing the straws thoroughly, sowing the crushed straws by a sowing machine, covering the crushed straws on the soil applied with the fertilizer, reducing the surface temperature of the soil, reducing the water evaporation capacity of the soil, providing a large amount of nutrition for soil organisms and propagating microorganisms; planting salt-tolerant plants, increasing the ground coverage and inhibiting the soil from salt return. The invention reduces the labor consumption and improves the desalting efficiency through mechanical operation. Meanwhile, the method is more environment-friendly, has lower cost and can prevent the salt from returning to the land.)

1. The saline-alkali soil desalting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, turning over the field of cultivation,

deep ploughing and deep ploughing flat soil by adopting a rotary cultivator, ploughing salt in the surface soil to a lower layer, and ploughing the lower layer soil with less salt to the surface; cutting off soil capillary, reducing water evaporation, enhancing permeability, inhibiting soil salt return,

s2, applying an organic fertilizer to the mixture,

organic fertilizer mixed with river water is thrown by a fertilizer applicator, so that the organic matter content in soil is increased, the soil fertility is improved, the adverse effect of salt on plants is inhibited, the growth of crops is promoted, and the salt tolerance of the crops is improved; buffering harmful salt ions in the soil, improving the physical and chemical properties and salt composition of the soil, reducing the pH value of the soil,

s3, covering the straw with the straw,

crushing straws by a crusher, decomposing the straws thoroughly, sowing the crushed straws by a sowing machine to cover the soil applied with fertilizer, reducing the soil surface temperature, reducing the water evaporation capacity of the soil, providing a large amount of nutrition for soil organisms, breeding microorganisms,

s4, planting salt-tolerant plants,

planting salt-tolerant plants of at least one of: red bean grass, alfalfa, comfrey, corolla coronaria and reed fescue, and can increase ground coverage and inhibit soil salt return.

2. The method for desalting saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: s1, during the ploughing step, the depth is more than 40 cm.

3. The method for desalting saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: s1, applying powdery weathered coal to soil during ploughing.

4. The method for desalting saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, cattle and sheep horse manure and pig manure.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil desalting method.

Background

China has large saline-alkali soil which occupies about 7 percent of the cultivated land area. The continuous development of agriculture is severely restricted and influenced, not only the yield of agriculture in China is greatly reduced and great loss is caused, but also a large amount of land gradually becomes waste land due to the increasing severity of the salinization degree, and the grains are not harvested. The improvement of saline-alkali soil and the improvement of the agricultural production capacity of saline-alkali cultivated land are one of the important tasks of agricultural development in China. However, the improvement of the saline soil and the prevention and control of secondary salinization are not only technical problems, but also are restricted by economic and social factors, so that the significance of effectively improving the saline-alkali soil and ensuring the grain safety is great under the multiple pressure of population increase, land degradation, economic development and ecological safety. The existing desalination method adopts a large amount of neutralizing agent, so that the cost is high, or the waste of fresh water resources is caused when the existing desalination method is flushed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a saline-alkali soil desalting method, which solves the problems that the existing desalting method adopts a large amount of neutralizing agents, the cost is high, or the waste of fresh water resources is caused when flushing is carried out.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil desalting method, which comprises the following steps:

the cultivation is carried out by turning over the seeds,

deep ploughing and deep ploughing flat soil by adopting a rotary cultivator, ploughing salt in the surface soil to a lower layer, and ploughing the lower layer soil with less salt to the surface; cutting off soil capillary, reducing water evaporation, enhancing permeability, inhibiting soil salt return,

applying an organic fertilizer to the mixture, wherein the organic fertilizer is added,

organic fertilizer mixed with river water is thrown by a fertilizer applicator, so that the organic matter content in soil is increased, the soil fertility is improved, the adverse effect of salt on plants is inhibited, the growth of crops is promoted, and the salt tolerance of the crops is improved; buffering harmful salt ions in the soil, improving the physical and chemical properties and salt composition of the soil, reducing the pH value of the soil,

covering the straw with a cover, wherein the cover is covered with straw,

crushing straws by a crusher, decomposing the straws thoroughly, sowing the crushed straws by a sowing machine to cover the soil applied with fertilizer, reducing the soil surface temperature, reducing the water evaporation capacity of the soil, providing a large amount of nutrition for soil organisms, breeding microorganisms,

planting salt-tolerant plants, and planting the salt-tolerant plants,

planting salt-tolerant plants of at least one of: red bean grass, alfalfa, comfrey, corolla coronaria and reed fescue, and can increase ground coverage and inhibit soil salt return.

Furthermore, the depth is more than 40cm when the cultivation is carried out.

Further, during plowing, the powdered weathered coal is applied to the soil.

Further, the organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, cattle, sheep, horse manure and pig manure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the saline-alkali soil desalting method reduces labor consumption and improves desalting efficiency through mechanical operation. Meanwhile, the method mainly adopts the modes of environment-friendly organic fertilizer, straw and the like, changes the waste into valuable in rural production, and is more environment-friendly and lower in cost. Finally, selected salt-tolerant plants are planted to prevent the land from salt return.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the saline-alkali soil desalting method of the invention.

Detailed Description

The details of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the saline-alkali soil desalting method comprises the following steps:

s1, turning over the field of cultivation,

deep ploughing and deep ploughing flat soil by adopting a rotary cultivator, ploughing salt in the surface soil to a lower layer, and ploughing the lower layer soil with less salt to the surface; cutting off soil capillary, reducing water evaporation, enhancing permeability, inhibiting soil salt return,

s2, applying an organic fertilizer to the mixture,

organic fertilizer mixed with river water is thrown by a fertilizer applicator, so that the organic matter content in soil is increased, the soil fertility is improved, the adverse effect of salt on plants is inhibited, the growth of crops is promoted, and the salt tolerance of the crops is improved; buffering harmful salt ions in the soil, improving the physical and chemical properties and salt composition of the soil, reducing the pH value of the soil,

s3, covering the straw with the straw,

crushing straws by a crusher, decomposing the straws thoroughly, sowing the crushed straws by a sowing machine to cover the soil applied with fertilizer, reducing the soil surface temperature, reducing the water evaporation capacity of the soil, providing a large amount of nutrition for soil organisms, breeding microorganisms,

s4, planting salt-tolerant plants,

planting salt-tolerant plants of at least one of: red bean grass, alfalfa, comfrey, corolla coronaria and reed fescue, and can increase ground coverage and inhibit soil salt return.

In practical application, the depth of the step S1 of ploughing is more than 40 cm.

In practical application, S1, applying powdery weathered coal to soil during plowing.

In practical application, the organic fertilizer comprises chicken manure, cattle, sheep, horse manure and pig manure.

In summary, the following steps: the invention reduces the labor consumption and improves the desalting efficiency through mechanical operation. Meanwhile, the method is more environment-friendly, has lower cost and can prevent the salt from returning to the land.

The foregoing has described the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical spirit and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto but may be implemented by those skilled in the art.