阅读说明：本技术 板式变刚度复合关节应用于轻量车钩的连接方法及装置 (Connecting method and device for applying plate type variable-rigidity composite joint to light-weight coupler ) 是由 冯万盛 柳禄泱 董永 林胜 罗鑫 罗乡源 于 2020-04-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：板式变刚度复合关节应用于轻量车钩的连接方法及装置,在金属关节中设置有销轴,将金属关节安装在橡胶关节中形成复合关节,再将复合关节安装在前车钩中,然后将后车钩铰接在金属关节的销轴上,从而将前车钩、复合关节和后车钩连接在一起。辅助环内壁与中间板组成存在间隙,在间隙消失前产品提供小刚度的性能,便于车辆正常运行。当车辆启动制动时,间隙消失,提供大刚度。车辆挂钩时,间隙消失,能够承受冲击载荷。垂向方向,能够承受大载荷,能够保持车体的平稳性,并且在极端时支撑整个车体的重量。采用上下对称结构,有利于产品能够两节编组上下载荷的波动。(A method and a device for connecting a plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to a light-weight coupler are characterized in that a pin shaft is arranged in a metal joint, the metal joint is arranged in a rubber joint to form the composite joint, then the composite joint is arranged in a front coupler, and a rear coupler is hinged on the pin shaft of the metal joint, so that the front coupler, the composite joint and the rear coupler are connected together. The inner wall of the auxiliary ring and the middle plate form a gap, and a product has low rigidity before the gap disappears, so that the vehicle can normally run conveniently. When the vehicle starts to brake, the gap disappears, providing a large stiffness. When the vehicle is hooked, the gap disappears, and the impact load can be borne. The vertical direction can bear large load, can keep the stability of the vehicle body, and can support the weight of the whole vehicle body in extreme. And the vertical symmetrical structure is adopted, so that the fluctuation of the upper load and the lower load of the product can be formed by two sections.)

1. The connection method of the plate type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to the light-weight car coupler is characterized in that a pin shaft is arranged in a metal joint, the metal joint is installed in a rubber joint to form a composite joint, then the composite joint is installed in a front car coupler, and a rear car coupler is hinged to the pin shaft of the metal joint, so that the front car coupler, the composite joint and the rear car coupler are connected together.

2. The connecting method of the plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to the light coupler according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rubber joint comprises an end plate, a middle partition plate and a rubber body, the middle partition plate comprises a vertical partition plate and a transverse partition plate, the transverse partition plate is arranged in a circular ring shape, a partition plate through hole penetrating through the vertical partition plate is formed in the vertical partition plate, and the transverse partition plate is connected to the outer side of the vertical partition plate in a seamless mode; the end plate includes upper end plate and lower end plate, and the upper end plate passes through the rubber body vulcanization to be connected in the top of cross slab, and the lower end plate passes through the rubber body vulcanization to be connected in the below of cross slab.

3. The method for connecting a plate-type variable-stiffness composite joint to a light-weight coupler according to claim 2, wherein a front coupler cavity is formed in the front coupler, the rubber joint further comprises an auxiliary ring, the auxiliary ring is arranged in a split structure, and the auxiliary ring is placed between the upper end plate and the lower end plate; and the rubber joint is arranged in the cavity of the front hook in an interference fit manner, so that the outer side of the auxiliary ring is abutted against the inner side of the front hook.

4. The connecting method of the plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to the light coupler according to claim 3 is characterized in that the metal joint comprises a joint outer ring, a joint inner ring and a pin shaft, and an inner ring through hole penetrating through the joint inner ring is formed in the middle of the joint inner ring; the pin shaft is arranged in the through hole of the inner ring, the joint outer ring is sleeved on the joint inner ring, and the metal joint is arranged in the through hole of the partition plate in an interference fit mode, so that the outer side of the joint outer ring is propped against the inner side of the vertical partition plate, and the metal joint and the rubber joint are connected together to form the composite joint.

5. The connecting method of the plate type variable stiffness composite joint applied to the light coupler is characterized in that the front coupler comprises a front coupler body and a front coupler bottom plate, the front coupler bottom plate is connected below the front coupler body in a seamless mode, a front bottom plate hole penetrating through the front coupler bottom plate is formed in the front coupler bottom plate, and the size of the front bottom plate hole in the radial direction is smaller than that of a front coupler cavity; the composite joint is arranged in the front hook cavity in an interference fit mode, a pressing plate is further arranged above the composite joint, a plate body through hole penetrating through the pressing plate is formed in the middle of the pressing plate, the pressing plate covers the rubber joint, and a bolt penetrates through the pressing plate and the front hook body to press the rubber joint in the front hook cavity so that the rubber joint is pre-compressed in the front hook cavity.

6. The connecting device is characterized in that the composite joint comprises a rubber joint and a metal joint, the coupler comprises a front coupler and a rear coupler, the rubber joint is arranged in the front coupler, the metal joint is arranged in the rubber joint, a pin shaft is arranged in the metal joint, and the rear coupler is hinged on the pin shaft, so that the composite joint is arranged in the coupler.

7. The connecting device of the plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to the light coupler according to claim 6 is characterized in that the rubber joint comprises an end plate, a middle partition plate and a rubber body, the middle partition plate comprises a vertical partition plate and a transverse partition plate, the vertical partition plate and the transverse partition plate are integrally formed, and a partition plate through hole penetrating through the vertical partition plate is formed in the middle of the vertical partition plate; an upper end plate is arranged above the diaphragm plate, a lower end plate is arranged below the diaphragm plate, and the diaphragm plate is respectively vulcanized with the upper end plate and the lower end plate by adopting a rubber body to form a whole.

8. The connecting device of the plate type variable rigidity composite joint applied to the light coupler is characterized in that a gap is reserved between the upper end plate and the lower end plate and the vertical partition plate during vulcanization, an auxiliary ring is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, and the auxiliary ring is further arranged on the outer side of the transverse partition plate, so that the rubber joint is formed.

9. The connecting device of the plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to the light-weight coupler according to claim 8 is characterized in that the metal joint comprises a joint outer ring, a joint inner ring and a pin shaft, the joint outer ring is sleeved on the joint inner ring, an inner ring through hole penetrating through the joint inner ring is formed in the middle of the joint inner ring, and the pin shaft is embedded in the inner ring through hole; and then the metal joint is arranged in the through hole of the partition plate in an interference fit mode, so that the metal joint and the rubber joint are connected together to form the composite joint.

10. The connecting device of the plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to the light-weight coupler according to claim 9 is characterized in that the front coupler comprises a front coupler body and a front coupler bottom plate, the front coupler bottom plate is connected below the front coupler body in a seamless mode, a front coupler cavity penetrating through the front coupler body is formed in the front coupler body, the composite joint is installed in the front coupler cavity in an interference fit mode, a pressing plate is further arranged above the composite joint, the pressing plate covers the rubber joint, and the rubber joint is pressed in the front coupler cavity through bolts; the rear coupler comprises a rear coupler body and a rear coupler end plate, a rear coupler hole penetrating through the rear coupler body is formed in one side of the rear coupler body, so that a rear coupler end plate is formed above and below the rear coupler hole, shaft mounting holes penetrating through the rear coupler end plate are formed in the outer sides of the rear coupler end plate above and below, a pin shaft sequentially penetrates through the shaft mounting holes of the rear coupler end plate above, the plate body through hole, the inner ring through hole and the rear coupler end plate below from top to bottom, a through hole of the lower end of the shaft body is penetrated through by a split pin, and the rear coupler is hinged to a pin shaft of a metal joint, so that the front coupler, the composite joint and the rear coupler are connected together.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of rail transit, in particular to a method and a structure for connecting couplers between two adjacent carriages in a rail vehicle.

Background

In the manufacturing process of the railway locomotive at present, two adjacent carriages are widely connected by a coupler, and the coupler is used as a key part of the locomotive and has important influence on the dynamic performance and the running quality of the locomotive. Along with the implementation of railway speed-raising and heavy-load strategies, the car coupler has the defects that the car coupler lacks variable rigidity, the fatigue damage of a rubber part affects the running performance of a locomotive, the running stability of the locomotive is poor, and hidden dangers are caused to the running safety.

The existing coupler has rigid connection and poor buffering performance. Some car couplers have a buffering structure, but are single in rigidity adjustment, lack variable rigidity, and are difficult to meet the requirement that the car is started with small rigidity under a large load to have good buffering performance; and the variable rigidity can be generated during emergency braking or turning, so that the rigidity of the car coupler is greatly increased, and the stability of the car is ensured.

The following patents are found to have similarities with the present invention through domestic search:

the utility model has the application number of 201821767791.0, the name is "a shock attenuation dual-purpose car auto coupler device for the dual-purpose car for the highway and the railway", the utility model provides a shock attenuation dual-purpose car auto coupler device for the highway and the railway, including the hook connection seat, upper and lower adjusting screw, the sliding sleeve, slewing mechanism, the coupling and damper, the coupling connection seat has along the inner chamber that communicates from top to bottom, upper and lower adjusting screw passes the inner chamber and can rotate, one end of sliding sleeve and upper and lower adjusting screw threaded connection, the other end stretches out the inner chamber and is fixedly connected with the slewing mechanism, the slewing mechanism includes the free bearing, round pin axle and joint bearing, the free bearing passes through the bolted connection with the coupling connection seat, the through-hole that the round pin axle runs through the free bearing ear seat fixes the joint bearing on the free bearing, one end of coupling is fixed to the joint bearing, the other end is, one end of the damping mechanism is sleeved on the pin shaft, and the other end of the damping mechanism is fixedly connected with the car coupler. The novel coupler device has the advantages of larger left-right swing range, wide application range, automatic up-down adjustment, good damping effect and long service life.

Application number is CN201120010336.8, the utility model discloses a metal joint bearing rotation mechanism's utility model relates to a metal joint bearing rotation mechanism on set up damping stop gear. The utility model discloses the free turned angle's of coupling is spacing in the middle of the mainly used monorail train, as metal joint bearing rotary unit's auxiliary element, guarantees jointly and satisfies the requirement of train operation and comfort level. The utility model discloses a damping stop gear has appropriate rigidity, and rigidity is minimum during the normal position, and along with its compression capacity crescent of rotation of middle coupling, and stop gear's rigidity also increases in step simultaneously meanwhile, and stop gear can effectively restrict the nimble rotation of metal joint bearing transition like this, does not influence the rotation of bearing on all directions again, has increased the security and the travelling comfort of taking a bus.

Although the above patents all have metal joint structures which can flexibly rotate at large angles, the structures for adjusting the rigidity in the radial direction and the methods for adjusting the radial rigidity do not exist through plate-type circular rubber-like rings, the metal joints are not installed in rubber joints to be assembled into composite joints, the composite joints are installed in a front coupler and are tightly pressed by a pressing plate, and then a rear coupler is hinged on a pin shaft of the metal joints to be assembled into a composite connection coupler.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to make the car coupler connecting two adjacent carriages have nonlinearity in rigidity so as to meet the dynamic performance requirements of small-rigidity starting and large-rigidity braking of the car.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for connecting a plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint applied to a light-weight coupler is characterized in that a pin shaft is arranged in a metal joint, the metal joint is arranged in a rubber joint to form the composite joint, then the composite joint is arranged in a front coupler, and a rear coupler is hinged on the pin shaft of the metal joint, so that the front coupler, the composite joint and the rear coupler are connected together.

Preferably, the rubber joint comprises an end plate, a middle partition plate and a rubber body, the middle partition plate comprises a vertical partition plate and a transverse partition plate, the transverse partition plate is arranged into a circular ring shape, a partition plate through hole penetrating through the vertical partition plate is formed in the vertical partition plate, and the transverse partition plate is connected to the outer side of the vertical partition plate in a seamless mode; the end plate includes upper end plate and lower end plate, and the upper end plate passes through the rubber body vulcanization to be connected in the top of cross slab, and the lower end plate passes through the rubber body vulcanization to be connected in the below of cross slab.

Preferably, a front hook cavity is formed in the front hook, the rubber joint further comprises an auxiliary ring, the auxiliary ring is arranged to be of a split structure, and the auxiliary ring is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate; and the rubber joint is arranged in the cavity of the front hook in an interference fit manner, so that the outer side of the auxiliary ring is abutted against the inner side of the front hook.

Preferably, the metal joint comprises a joint outer ring, a joint inner ring and a pin shaft, and an inner ring through hole penetrating through the joint inner ring is formed in the middle of the joint inner ring; the pin shaft is arranged in the through hole of the inner ring, the joint outer ring is sleeved on the joint inner ring, and the metal joint is arranged in the through hole of the partition plate in an interference fit mode, so that the outer side of the joint outer ring is propped against the inner side of the vertical partition plate, and the metal joint and the rubber joint are connected together to form the composite joint.

Preferably, the front coupler comprises a front coupler body and a front coupler bottom plate, the front coupler bottom plate is seamlessly connected below the front coupler body, a front bottom plate hole penetrating through the front coupler bottom plate is formed in the front coupler bottom plate, and the size of the front bottom plate hole in the radial direction is smaller than that of the front coupler cavity; the composite joint is arranged in the front hook cavity in an interference fit mode, a pressing plate is further arranged above the composite joint, a plate body through hole penetrating through the pressing plate is formed in the middle of the pressing plate, the pressing plate covers the rubber joint, and a bolt penetrates through the pressing plate and the front hook body to press the rubber joint in the front hook cavity so that the rubber joint is pre-compressed in the front hook cavity.

The plate-type variable-rigidity composite joint is applied to a connecting device of a light-weight coupler, the composite joint comprises a rubber joint and a metal joint, the coupler comprises a front coupler and a rear coupler, the rubber joint is installed in the front coupler, the metal joint is installed in the rubber joint, a pin shaft is arranged in the metal joint, and the rear coupler is hinged to the pin shaft, so that the composite joint is installed in the coupler.

Preferably, the rubber joint comprises an end plate, a middle partition plate and a rubber body, the middle partition plate comprises a vertical partition plate and a transverse partition plate, the vertical partition plate and the transverse partition plate are integrally formed, and a partition plate through hole penetrating through the vertical partition plate is formed in the middle of the vertical partition plate; an upper end plate is arranged above the diaphragm plate, a lower end plate is arranged below the diaphragm plate, and the diaphragm plate is respectively vulcanized with the upper end plate and the lower end plate by adopting a rubber body to form a whole.

Preferably, a gap is reserved between the upper end plate and the lower end plate and the vertical partition plate during vulcanization, an auxiliary ring is arranged between the upper end plate and the lower end plate, and the auxiliary ring is further arranged on the outer side of the transverse partition plate, so that the rubber joint is formed.

Preferably, the metal joint comprises a joint outer ring, a joint inner ring and a pin shaft, the joint outer ring is sleeved on the joint inner ring, an inner ring through hole penetrating through the joint inner ring is formed in the middle of the joint inner ring, and the pin shaft is embedded in the inner ring through hole; and then the metal joint is arranged in the through hole of the partition plate in an interference fit mode, so that the metal joint and the rubber joint are connected together to form the composite joint.

Preferably, the front coupler comprises a front coupler body and a front coupler bottom plate, the front coupler bottom plate is connected below the front coupler body in a seamless mode, a front coupler cavity penetrating through the front coupler body is formed in the front coupler body, the composite joint is installed in the front coupler cavity in an interference fit mode, a pressing plate is further arranged above the composite joint, the pressing plate covers the rubber joint, and the rubber joint is pressed in the front coupler cavity through bolts; the rear coupler comprises a rear coupler body and a rear coupler end plate, a rear coupler hole penetrating through the rear coupler body is formed in one side of the rear coupler body, so that a rear coupler end plate is formed above and below the rear coupler hole, shaft mounting holes penetrating through the rear coupler end plate are formed in the outer sides of the rear coupler end plate above and below, a pin shaft sequentially penetrates through the shaft mounting holes of the rear coupler end plate above, the plate body through hole, the inner ring through hole and the rear coupler end plate below from top to bottom, a through hole of the lower end of the shaft body is penetrated through by a split pin, and the rear coupler is hinged to a pin shaft of a metal joint, so that the front coupler, the composite joint and the rear coupler are connected together.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the inner wall of the auxiliary ring and the middle plate form a gap, and a product has low rigidity before the gap disappears, so that the vehicle can normally run conveniently. When the vehicle starts to brake, the gap disappears, providing a large stiffness. When the vehicle is hooked, the gap disappears, and the impact load can be borne. The vertical direction can bear large load, can keep the stability of the vehicle body, and can support the weight of the whole vehicle body in extreme. And the vertical symmetrical structure is adopted, so that the fluctuation of the upper load and the lower load of the product can be formed by two sections.

The metal joint is arranged in the composite joint, so that the radial and axial bearing capacity of the vehicle is large, the deflection rigidity is small, and the metal joint adopts interference press-fitting, so that the capability of a product passing through a curve can be improved, the floating of a vehicle body is adapted, and the vehicle dynamic performance is better matched. The radial and axial requirements can be met, the performance of small deflection and torsion rigidity can be provided, and the undersized curve capability of the vehicle is facilitated.

When the vehicle body floats up and down, the metal joint provides an obstacle-free deflection angle, when the vehicle body passes through a curve, the metal joint can provide obstacle-free rotation, when the vehicle starts braking and hangs, large load can be provided, and when the vehicle body normally runs, the rubber can provide small rigidity, so that the comfort is better. Vertical direction loads can provide significant. The composite joint can provide better dynamic requirements, has lower derailment coefficient, operates on a small curve, and can reduce the abrasion of wheel sets and steel rails.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the coupler and the pin of FIG. 1 with the rear coupler and the pin removed;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the coupler and metal knuckle of FIG. 1 with the rear coupler and metal knuckle removed;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the front coupler and compression plate of FIG. 2 with the front coupler and compression plate removed;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a rubber joint according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a front coupler according to an embodiment I;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a platen according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a metal joint according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a rear coupler in accordance with a first embodiment;

in the figure: the front coupler comprises a rubber joint 1, an upper end plate 11, a lower end plate 12, an upper rubber body 13, a lower rubber body 14, a vertical partition plate 15, a transverse partition plate 16, a partition plate through hole 17, an auxiliary ring 18, a joint outer ring 21, a joint inner ring 22, a joint inner ring 221 through hole 23, a pin shaft 231, an ear plate 232, a shaft body 24, a front coupler 31, a front coupler body 311, a front coupler bottom plate 312, a front coupler cavity 313, a front coupler bottom plate hole 314, a rear coupler 32, a rear coupler body 321, a rear coupler end plate 322, a rear coupler hole 323, a shaft mounting hole 324, a pressing plate 33 and a plate body through hole 331.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and figures: