阅读说明：本技术 一种玛瑙红樱桃品质改善用营养液及其应用 (Nutrient solution for improving quality of agate red cherries and application thereof ) 是由 徐富军 刘安荣 王振杰 吉永权 丁昭斌 张应有 王凤 郭云 于 2020-04-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及果树栽培技术领域,尤其是一种玛瑙红樱桃品质改善用营养液及其应用,营养液中,每升含黄腐酸钾2.0-4.5g,矿源黄腐植酸0.1-2.0g,海藻精华素0.02-6.0g,能够有效促进玛瑙红樱桃营养枝向结果枝转变,实现玛瑙红樱桃幼树的早花、早果,促使玛瑙红樱桃提前达到丰产；而且能够及时为营养枝转变为结果枝时提供营养,满足枝条上萌芽生长的营养需求,避免枝条坏死发生,提高枝条的成花率,改善玛瑙红樱桃果树的坐花率,提高株产量,改善玛瑙红樱桃果实品质,使得平均单果重约15.03g,果实中可溶性固形物含量约18.6％,相比传统玛瑙红樱桃果实品质来说,得到了大幅度的改善。(The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries and application thereof, wherein each liter of the nutrient solution contains 2.0-4.5g of potassium fulvate, 0.1-2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid and 0.02-6.0g of seaweed essence, so that the nutrient branches of the agate red cherries can be effectively promoted to be converted into fruiting branches, early flowering and early fruiting of young agate red cherries are realized, and the agate red cherries are promoted to achieve high yield in advance; and the nutrition can be provided for the nutritional branches when the nutritional branches are converted into bearing branches in time, the nutritional requirements of sprouting growth on the branches are met, the occurrence of branch necrosis is avoided, the flower forming rate of the branches is improved, the flower setting rate of agate red cherry fruit trees is improved, the plant yield is improved, the quality of agate red cherry fruits is improved, the average single fruit weight is about 15.03g, the content of soluble solid matters in the fruits is about 18.6%, and the quality of the agate red cherry fruits is greatly improved compared with the quality of the traditional agate red cherry fruits.)

1. The nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries is characterized in that each liter of the nutrient solution contains 2.0-4.5g of potassium fulvate, 0.1-2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid and 0.02-6.0g of seaweed essence.

2. The nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries according to claim 1, wherein each liter of the nutrient solution comprises 2.0-4.5g of potassium fulvate, 0.1-0.2g of mineral source fulvic acid and 0.02-0.07g of seaweed essence.

3. The nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries according to claim 1, wherein each liter of the nutrient solution comprises 2.0-4.0g of potassium fulvate, 1.0-2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid and 3.0-6.0g of seaweed essence.

4. The nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries as claimed in claim 3, wherein each liter of the nutrient solution further comprises 5g of ferrous sulfate, 8g of monopotassium phosphate, 6g of calcium ammonium nitrate and 3g of magnesium sulfate.

5. The agate red cherry quality-improving nutrient solution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is used for improving the yield and quality of agate red cherries and promoting early flowering.

6. The application of claim 5, wherein the nutrient solution is used for spraying 2.5-3.5kg of the nutrient solution to the leaf surface of each fruit tree every day 4-7 days before the agate red cherry trees bloom, and continuously spraying for 2 days, so that the yield and the quality of the agate red cherry trees are improved.

7. The use of claim 5, wherein a line is carved around the branch 0.5cm above the sprouting position of the branch of the annual agate red cherry fruit tree, the length of the scribed line is one third of the circumference of the branch at the scribed line, the depth of the scribed line reaches the xylem without damaging the xylem, the width of the scribed line is 0.2cm, two adjacent scribed lines on the same branch are 3-10 sprouts apart, then 10-15mL of nutrient solution is dripped to the scribed line every 1d, and 7d of nutrient solution is dripped continuously for 1 time every day.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries and application thereof.

Background

The fructus Pruni Pseudocerasi is of Rosaceae, Prunus. The cherry also named as acer wedging peach, oriole peach, cherry and the like has bright and crystal-clear and beautiful appearance, is rich in various elements such as sugar, protein, vitamin, calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and the like, has excellent taste and flavor and is reputed as 'treasure in fruit'. The cherry has the earliest mature period in deciduous fruit trees, so it is called "first fruit of all" and "first fruit in spring". And because the fruit is mature in early spring, the plant diseases and insect pests do not occur in a large area, the spraying of pesticides can be reduced and even avoided, so that the cherries can easily meet the production requirements of green ecological fruits and are deeply loved by consumers.

The agate red cherry is a local early-maturing and storage-resistant fine variety bred by a commercial crop workstation in Biji City of Guizhou province, and belongs to a cherry series. The purple red rice has the advantages of purple red color, moderate sweet and sour taste, good quality, good commodity property, high yield and stable yield; at present, the average single-fruit weight of the agate red cherry reaches 11.7g, the maximum single-fruit weight reaches 12.8g, the stem is 4.2cm long, the agate red cherry is not easy to fall off, and has good taste and good flavor; the fruit has soluble solid content up to 17.0%, soluble sugar 11.88%, titratable acid 7.5mol/100g, vitamin C22.578mg/100g, and good storability, and is called "the king of southern cherry". By the end of 2017 years, the planting area of the agate red cherries in Guizhou province reaches more than 10 ten thousand mu. However, in the process of planting and managing the agate red cherries, nutrient elements need to be supplemented to the agate red cherries to meet the nutrient requirements for the growth of the agate red cherries, but the addition of inappropriate nutrient elements not only causes the early flowering time of the agate red cherry saplings to be late, but also influences the quality of the agate red cherry fruits, so that the plant yield of the agate red cherries is low, the commodity value is low, and the economic benefit is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries and application thereof.

The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

the nutrient solution for improving the quality of agate red cherries contains 2.0-4.5g of potassium fulvate, 0.1-2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid and 0.02-6.0g of seaweed essence per liter of nutrient solution.

Preferably, each liter of the nutrient solution contains 2.0-4.5g of potassium fulvate, 0.1-0.2g of mineral source fulvic acid and 0.02-0.07g of seaweed essence.

Preferably, each liter of the nutrient solution contains 2.0-4.0g of potassium fulvate, 1.0-2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid and 3.0-6.0g of seaweed essence.

Preferably, when the application of promoting the early blossoming is performed, each liter of the nutrient solution also comprises 5g of ferrous sulfate, 8g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6g of calcium ammonium nitrate and 3g of magnesium sulfate.

The nutrient solution for improving the quality of the agate red cherries is applied to improving the yield and the quality of the agate red cherries and promoting early flowering.

The application comprises the step of spraying 2.5-3.5kg of nutrient solution to the leaf surface of each fruit tree every day 4-7 days before the agate red cherry fruit trees bloom, and continuously spraying for 2 days, so that the yield and the quality of the agate red cherry are improved.

In the application, a line is carved around the branch at a position 0.5cm above the sprouting position of the branch of the annual agate red cherry fruit tree, the length of a scribed line is one third of the circumference of the branch at the scribed line, the depth of the scribed line reaches xylem without damaging the xylem, the width of the scribed line is 0.2cm, every two adjacent scribed lines on the same branch have 3-10 sprouts, then 10-15mL of nutrient solution is dripped to the scribed line every 1d, and the nutrient solution is continuously dripped for 7d 1 time every day.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical effects that:

in the nutrient solution, 2.0-4.5g of potassium fulvate, 0.1-2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid and 0.02-6.0g of seaweed essence are contained per liter, so that the conversion of the nutrient branches of the agate red cherries to fruiting branches can be effectively promoted, the early blossoming and early fruiting of the young agate red cherries can be realized, and the agate red cherries can be promoted to achieve high yield in advance; and the nutrition can be provided for the nutritional branches when the nutritional branches are converted into bearing branches in time, the nutritional requirements of sprouting growth on the branches are met, the occurrence of branch necrosis is avoided, the flower forming rate of the branches is improved, the flower setting rate of agate red cherry fruit trees is improved, the plant yield is improved, the quality of agate red cherry fruits is improved, the average single fruit weight is about 15.03g, the content of soluble solid matters in the fruits is about 18.6%, and the quality of the agate red cherry fruits is greatly improved compared with the quality of the traditional agate red cherry fruits.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.

Test 1: agate red cherry annual fruit tree blooming promotion test

The test method comprises the following steps:

(1) bud carving: in 2016, 2 months and 8 days, a 1-year-old agate red cherry fruit tree is selected, a line is carved on a branch at a position 0.5cm above a bud position, the length of a scribed line is one third of the circumference of the branch, the depth of the scribed line reaches xylem but cannot damage the xylem, the width of a bud-carving wound is 0.2cm, two adjacent scribed lines on the same branch are spaced by 3 buds, then 10-15mL of nutrient solution is dripped to the scribed line every 1d, and the nutrient solution is dripped continuously for 7d 1 time every day.

(2) Branch pulling: and after finishing bud carving, drawing the branch with the bud carving angle of 95-100 degrees after finishing dripping the nutrient solution, and binding and fixing the branch by using a cloth strip with the width of 1-2cm after the branch drawing angle meets the requirement.

(3) Pinching: and (4) in 2016, 5 and 25 days, pinching the branches, removing tips of the branches except for 10cm from the tips, pulling down the tips, binding and fixing the tips by using cloth strips with the width of 1-2cm, and pulling down the tips until the tips are parallel to the horizontal ground.

Design of a test group: the test is carried out for 7 groups in total, 300 branches are treated in each group, and the nutrient solution in each group is titrated to the position of a scribed line by a dropper.

Preparing a nutrient solution:

group 1: in each liter of nutrient solution, 2.0g of potassium fulvate, 1.0g of mineral source fulvic acid, 3.0g of seaweed essence and the balance of water.

Group 2: in each liter of nutrient solution, 4.0g of potassium fulvate, 2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid, 6.0g of seaweed essence and the balance of water.

Group 3: in each liter of nutrient solution, 2.5g of potassium fulvate, 1.5g of mineral source fulvic acid, 5.5g of seaweed essence and the balance of water.

Group 4: in each liter of nutrient solution, 2.0g of potassium fulvate, 0.1g of mineral source fulvic acid, 0.02g of seaweed essence and the balance of water.

Group 5: in each liter of nutrient solution, 4.5g of potassium fulvate, 2.0g of mineral source fulvic acid, 0.02g of seaweed essence and the balance of water.

Group 6: in each liter of nutrient solution, 2.0g of potassium fulvate, 0.1g of mineral source fulvic acid, 6.0g of seaweed essence and the balance of water.

Group 7: in each liter of nutrient solution, 2.0g of potassium fulvate, 1.0g of mineral source fulvic acid, 3.0g of seaweed essence, 5g of ferrous sulfate, 8g of monopotassium phosphate, 6g of calcium ammonium nitrate, 3g of magnesium sulfate and the balance of water.

Counting the number of flowering branches of the branches processed by the test group in 2017 in the period from 3 months to 5 months, and calculating the flowering branch rate, wherein the test results are shown in table 1:

TABLE 1

The data in the table 1 show that the change of the effective components in the nutrient solution can affect the conversion of the nutrient branches to the fruiting branches on the annual agate red cherry fruit trees, promote the agate red cherry fruit trees to blossom and bear early, advance high yield and improve the economic benefit of agate red cherry farmers.

Test 2: experiment for improving yield of perennial fruit of agate red cherry

The test method comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting agate red cherry trees grown for at least 3 years, digging an annular ditch along the vertical projection outer edge of a crown in 5 days at 9 months and 6 days at 2017 and 9 months at 35cm at the depth of the ditch, uniformly applying 5.5kg of organic compound fertilizer into the ditch, covering the ditch with soil, filling the ditch flat, adding 0.01kg of biological insecticide into the organic compound fertilizer per 100kg, grinding the tobacco alkali and the chinaberry bark adopted by the biological insecticide directly into powder, and mixing the powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;

(2) and 3.5kg of nutrient solution is sprayed to the leaf surfaces of each fruit tree every day in 3 months in 2018, and the nutrient solution is sprayed every other day for 5 days continuously.

Design of a test group: the experiment totally designs 7 groups, each group treats 60 agate red cherry trees, and each group adopts a sprayer to spray nutrient solution.

Nutrient solution preparation the nutrient solution formulation of test 1 was used. Specifically, the fruit setting rate, the plant yield, the single fruit weight and the soluble solid content of the agate red cherry fruit trees after spraying treatment are detected, and the results are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

The data in the table 2 show that the nutrient solution created by the invention can improve the quality of agate red cherry fruits to a certain extent, improve the yield of the agate red cherry fruit trees and improve the economic benefit of agate red cherry fruit tree growers, and the content of the active raw material components of the nutrient solution can improve the quality of the agate red cherry fruit trees and bring different degrees of influence on the quality improvement of the fruits, so that the proper control of the raw material components of the nutrient solution is beneficial to the more optimal improvement of the quality of the agate red cherry fruit trees, the improvement of the yield of the agate red cherry fruits and the improvement of the quality of the agate red cherry fruits, and the reduction of the planting cost of the agate red cherry fruits.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.