阅读说明：本技术 一种改良作物种植的液体氮肥及其制备方法 (Liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张博 王宏 段建锋 杨蓉蓉 于 2020-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改良作物种植的液体氮肥及其制备方法,属于农用肥料制备技术领域。本发明的液体氮肥由如下原料组成：腐熟猪粪、尿素、磷酸二氢钾、水溶性隔离剂、芦荟粉、硅油乳液、花椒叶、氧化镁、水滑石、微生物菌粉、水溶性氧化钙、硼酸、硫酸亚铁和硫酸锌。本发明中的液体氮肥能够显著提高作物的产量,烧苗现象显著得到缓解,提高了肥料的利用率,补充了根部对养分吸收的不足。本发明中玉米的亩产量为622.63～627.72kg/亩,烧苗率为1.2%～1.4%,油菜的亩产量为216.96～218.87kg/亩,烧苗率为1.3%～1.5%,小麦的亩产量为514.69～519.42kg/亩,烧苗率为1.2%～1.5%,各作物的病虫害发生率明显降低,经济效益显著。(The invention discloses a liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer preparation. The liquid nitrogen fertilizer of the invention is composed of the following raw materials: decomposed pig manure, urea, monopotassium phosphate, a water-soluble isolating agent, aloe powder, silicone oil emulsion, pepper leaves, magnesium oxide, hydrotalcite, microbial powder, water-soluble calcium oxide, boric acid, ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate. The liquid nitrogen fertilizer can obviously improve the yield of crops, obviously relieve the seedling burning phenomenon, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and supplement the deficiency of nutrient absorption of roots. The yield per mu of the corn is 622.63-627.72 kg/mu, the seedling burning rate is 1.2-1.4%, the yield per mu of the rape is 216.96-218.87 kg/mu, the seedling burning rate is 1.3-1.5%, the yield per mu of the wheat is 514.69-519.42 kg/mu, the seedling burning rate is 1.2-1.5%, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests of each crop is obviously reduced, and the economic benefit is obvious.)

1. A liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of decomposed pig manure, 60-72 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-10 parts of water-soluble isolating agent, 4-12 parts of aloe powder, 6-8 parts of silicone oil emulsion, 30-40 parts of pepper leaves, 7-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-10 parts of hydrotalcite, 3-7 parts of microbial powder, 1-4 parts of water-soluble calcium oxide, 0.8-1.6 parts of boric acid, 0.7-0.9 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.05-0.09 part of zinc sulfate.

2. The liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of decomposed pig manure, 66 parts of urea, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of water-soluble separant, 8 parts of aloe powder, 7 parts of silicone oil emulsion, 35 parts of pepper leaves, 9 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of hydrotalcite, 5 parts of microbial powder, 3 parts of water-soluble calcium oxide, 1.2 parts of boric acid, 0.8 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.07 part of zinc sulfate.

3. A method of preparing a liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:

1) adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, introducing water vapor into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 45-48 ℃, adding urea, monopotassium phosphate and aloe powder into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring to obtain a stirred material, and drying until the water content is 10-15% for later use;

2) spraying cattle and sheep urine on the pepper leaves until the leaves are thoroughly wetted, then drying the pepper leaves adsorbed with the cattle and sheep urine in the sun, diluting a silicone oil emulsion to 300-500 times of liquid, spraying the liquid on the pepper leaves in a spraying manner, fully and uniformly stirring the pepper leaves and decomposed pig manure, stacking for fermentation for 15-20 days, turning over once every 5-6 days, adding microbial powder into the mixture for secondary stacking fermentation, reducing the temperature to 25-28 ℃, and fermenting for 7-10 days to obtain a fermented product for later use;

3) and (2) performing filter pressing and drying on the stirred material and the fermented material, granulating by using a granulator, adding a water-soluble isolating agent, shaking uniformly for 30-50 min, standing for 10-20 min, then mixing and stirring with other raw materials, adding 50-60 parts of water, uniformly mixing, keeping the temperature at 30-40 ℃, stirring for reacting for 50min, and cooling to obtain the liquid nitrogen fertilizer.

4. The liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting according to claim 3, wherein the temperature of the step 2) before adding the microbial powder is 40-50 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Liquid fertilizers, also known as fluid fertilizers, include clear liquid, suspended, and slurry types. The liquid fertilizer has the following advantages: dust and smoke can not appear in the production, application and transportation, and the pollution is less; the product has no problems of moisture absorption and caking; can be mixed with pesticide, bactericide and herbicide and can be mixed uniformly; the quality is not different like the segregation of solid fertilizers in storage and transportation; the application method is various, can be sprayed on the leaf surface, can be applied along with water, can also be used for sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation or irrigation, and has the advantages of convenient use, cost saving and quick effect. Therefore, liquid fertilizers are one of the trends in the development of the fertilizer industry in the world today. In the 90 s of the 20 th century, the liquid fertilizer consumed in the United states each year accounts for more than 38% of the total fertilizer consumption. In recent years, liquid fertilizers have been rapidly developed due to the application of foliar fertilizers and irrigation techniques, particularly drip irrigation techniques.

The liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer adopts an advanced polymethylene urea slow-release technology and combines American active small molecular carbon, the traditional striking root fertilizer can be replaced by spraying the liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on a seedbed before rice transplanting, the striking root speed is extremely high, the seedling reviving process is almost not generated, and the spraying method is labor-saving; the fertilizer can be used on corn to replace topdressing, and can be used as spike fertilizer in the later period, and the yield increasing effect is particularly obvious when the fertilizer is used before soybean pod setting. The liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer is very safe for spraying rice seedlings, and because the salt index of the liquid slow-release nitrogen fertilizer product is extremely low and is within 0.5, and the urea height is up to 70, the seedling burning phenomenon can be caused by spraying after the common urea is converted into water. Therefore, the adoption of the liquid nitrogen fertilizer can greatly promote the increase of the crop yield and reduce the occurrence probability of plant diseases and insect pests.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting, which reduces seedling burning, reduces the occurrence probability of plant diseases and insect pests and improves crop yield, and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of decomposed pig manure, 60-72 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 5-10 parts of water-soluble isolating agent, 4-12 parts of aloe powder, 6-8 parts of silicone oil emulsion, 30-40 parts of pepper leaves, 7-10 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-10 parts of hydrotalcite, 3-7 parts of microbial powder, 1-4 parts of water-soluble calcium oxide, 0.8-1.6 parts of boric acid, 0.7-0.9 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.05-0.09 part of zinc sulfate.

Further, the liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of decomposed pig manure, 66 parts of urea, 20 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of water-soluble separant, 8 parts of aloe powder, 7 parts of silicone oil emulsion, 35 parts of pepper leaves, 9 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of hydrotalcite, 5 parts of microbial powder, 3 parts of water-soluble calcium oxide, 1.2 parts of boric acid, 0.8 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.07 part of zinc sulfate.

The preparation method of the liquid nitrogen fertilizer for improving crop planting comprises the following steps:

1) adding deionized water into a reaction kettle, introducing water vapor into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature to be 45-48 ℃, adding urea, monopotassium phosphate and aloe powder into the reaction kettle, uniformly stirring to obtain a stirred material, and drying until the water content is 10-15% for later use;

2) spraying cattle and sheep urine on the pepper leaves until the leaves are thoroughly wetted, then drying the pepper leaves adsorbed with the cattle and sheep urine in the sun, diluting a silicone oil emulsion to 300-500 times of liquid, spraying the liquid on the pepper leaves in a spraying manner, fully and uniformly stirring the pepper leaves and decomposed pig manure, stacking for fermentation for 15-20 days, turning over once every 5-6 days, adding microbial powder into the mixture for secondary stacking fermentation, reducing the temperature to 25-28 ℃, and fermenting for 7-10 days to obtain a fermented product for later use;

3) and (2) performing filter pressing and drying on the stirred material and the fermented material, granulating by using a granulator, adding a water-soluble isolating agent, shaking uniformly for 30-50 min, standing for 10-20 min, then mixing and stirring with other raw materials, adding 50-60 parts of water, uniformly mixing, keeping the temperature at 30-40 ℃, stirring for reacting for 50min, and cooling to obtain the liquid nitrogen fertilizer.

Further, the temperature in the step 2) before adding the microbial powder is 40-50 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the liquid nitrogen fertilizer can obviously improve the yield of crops, obviously relieve the seedling burning phenomenon, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and supplement the deficiency of nutrient absorption of roots.

2) The liquid separant, the silicone oil emulsion and the pepper leaves are matched, so that the bacteria colony and the insecticide are isolated to carry out intermolecular isolation, and the phenomenon that the insecticide kills the bacteria colony in the transportation and storage processes is avoided.

3) The yield per mu of the corn is 622.63-627.72 kg/mu, the seedling burning rate is 1.2-1.4%, the yield per mu of the rape is 216.96-218.87 kg/mu, the seedling burning rate is 1.3-1.5%, the yield per mu of the wheat is 514.69-519.42 kg/mu, the seedling burning rate is 1.2-1.5%, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests of each crop is obviously reduced, and the economic benefit is obvious.

Detailed Description

The following examples further describe in detail specific embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.