阅读说明：本技术 一种废油脂煮煤提质的研究方法 (Research method for improving quality of waste oil and fat coal boiling ) 是由 张继龙 卢怡帆 张志强 于 2020-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种废油脂煮煤提质的研究方法,包括废油脂处理单元、原煤处理单元、油脂煮煤处理单元、过滤分离单元和收集产品单元5个部分；其中,废油脂处理单元主要是将废油脂中的杂质脱除得到纯的含有脂肪酸甘油酯,其中含有少量脂肪酸；原煤处理单元主要是依据对煤加工利用的下游技术对粒度要求进行破碎或粉碎处理；油脂煮煤处理单元主要依据煤加工的目的设计的单元；过滤分离单元主要是处理完的煤与油脂的分离及油脂中分离水和矿物质以及油脂循环使用的部分；收集产品单元主要是对处理完的煤进行压滤脱油脂进而得到产品煤(焦炭)的过程。本发明将废油脂作为煤炭加工的介质,使废油脂变废为宝,开创废油脂利用和煤炭加工新途径；环保效果好。(The invention discloses a research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat coal cooking, which comprises 5 parts of a waste oil and fat processing unit, a raw coal processing unit, an oil and fat coal cooking processing unit, a filtering and separating unit and a product collecting unit; the waste oil treatment unit is mainly used for removing impurities in the waste oil to obtain pure glyceride containing fatty acid, wherein the glyceride containing fatty acid contains a small amount of fatty acid; the raw coal processing unit is mainly used for crushing or crushing the coal according to the particle size requirement of the downstream technology for processing and utilizing the coal; the oil and fat coal boiling treatment unit is a unit mainly designed according to the purpose of coal processing; the filtering and separating unit is mainly used for separating the processed coal from the grease and separating water, mineral substances and the grease from the grease for recycling; the product collecting unit is mainly used for carrying out filter pressing and degreasing on the treated coal so as to obtain the product coal (coke). The invention takes the waste oil as the medium for coal processing, so that the waste oil is changed into valuable, and a new approach for waste oil utilization and coal processing is created; the environmental protection effect is good.)

1. A research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat boiled coal is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises 5 parts of a waste oil treatment unit, a raw coal treatment unit, an oil coal boiling treatment unit, a filtering and separating unit and a product collecting unit; the waste oil treatment unit is mainly used for removing impurities in the waste oil to obtain pure glyceride containing fatty acid, wherein the glyceride containing fatty acid contains a small amount of fatty acid; the raw coal processing unit is mainly used for crushing or crushing the coal according to the particle size requirement of the downstream technology for processing and utilizing the coal; the oil and fat coal boiling treatment unit is a unit mainly designed according to the purpose of coal processing; the filtering and separating unit is mainly used for separating the processed coal from the grease and separating water, mineral substances and the grease from the grease for recycling; the product collecting unit is mainly used for carrying out filter pressing and degreasing on the treated coal so as to obtain a product coal-coke.

2. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) the waste oil is subjected to impurity removal and purification to obtain refined waste oil, and then the refined waste oil is mixed with crushed raw coal;

(2) stirring and heating reaction are carried out in a treatment device, then solid-liquid separation is realized by filtering, the separated solid is upgraded coal, the adsorbed oil is removed by filter pressing to prepare product coal, and the filter-pressed oil is returned to the treatment device for use;

(3) separating oil from water in liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation, removing impurities from the obtained separated oil, removing fine-grain coal cinder, purifying to remove dissolved small molecular substances to obtain refined waste oil, and adding the refined waste oil into a treatment device for use;

(4) and carrying out filter pressing on separated water obtained by carrying out oil-water separation on liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation to obtain solid mineral substances and liquid filter pressing water.

3. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature rise determines the temperature range according to the purpose of coal processing, and the oil coal boiling treatment device comprises coal dehydration, coal demineralization and coal pyrolysis according to the purpose of coal processing; wherein the dehydration of coal is controlled at 75-150 ℃, the demineralization of coal is less than or equal to 200 ℃, the pyrolysis of coal is controlled at 200-600 ℃, or the temperature change is determined by combined processing.

4. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the filtering screen is 100-1000 meshes.

5. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the filtering screen is 300-800 meshes.

6. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the waste oil is one or more of swill-cooked dirty oil, frying oil, overdue edible oil and leftover oil in slaughter houses, or oil produced by biological microalgae.

7. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the waste oil treatment unit is used for carrying out degumming, impurity removal and deodorization treatment.

8. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the particle size of the coal particles is less than or equal to 50mm, wherein the particle size of the coal particles is less than or equal to 3mm, the particle size of the coal particles is less than or equal to 0.1mm, the particle size of the coal particles is less than or equal to 13mm, the particle size of the coal particles is less.

9. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the filtering and separating unit comprises solid-liquid separation, oil-water separation, filter pressing demineralization and dehydration.

10. The method for researching coal upgrading of waste oil and fat cooking as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the separated grease after oil-water separation in the filtering and separating unit is subjected to impurity removal and purification and then is recycled.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat boiled coal. In particular to a research method for improving the quality of coal and reducing environmental pollution by using waste oil such as frying oil, swill-cooked dirty oil, hogwash oil, overdue oil and the like as a medium, belonging to the field of waste oil utilization technology and coal processing.

Background

The returning of the illegal cooking oil to the dining table can seriously harm the health of people, and the sources of the illegal cooking oil are wide, such as frying oil, illegal cooking oil, hogwash oil, overdue oil and the like. The 'illegal cooking oil' generally refers to the grease produced and processed by non-food raw materials such as kitchen waste, meat processing waste, livestock and poultry products with unqualified inspection and quarantine, and the like. Because animal and vegetable oil can generate carcinogens such as aflatoxin, benzopyrene and the like with high toxicity after being oxidized at high temperature, the animal and vegetable oil causes great harm to the health of people. Therefore, the research and development of the utilization of the waste grease has important social value and significance for benefiting and guaranteeing the healthy life of people.

Coal occupies a major part in energy consumption structures in China and even the world, but if the process and the technology are imperfect, environmental pollution such as air pollution (PM 2.5), water body pollution (wastewater discharge) and the like can be caused in the utilization process of the coal. Coal is divided into three major categories of lignite, bituminous coal and anthracite according to the difference of metamorphic degrees, and the bituminous coal is subdivided into 12 subclasses. The metamorphic degree directly determines the utilization way and mode of coal, for example, anthracite with high metamorphic degree is used for preparing chemical fertilizers such as synthetic ammonia, urea and the like, bituminous coal with high metamorphic degree can be used for coking, and lignite with low metamorphic degree can be used for preparing chemicals through gasification or liquefaction, and lignite is mainly used for heating and power generation. The value or market price of coal is positively correlated with the degree of deterioration, i.e. the higher the degree of deterioration, the higher the value, so improving the quality of coal (upgrading for short) is an important means and method for coal resource utilization. Coal upgrading mainly aims to improve the content of organic matters (substances containing carbon and hydrogen), reduce the content of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and mineral substances, such as reducing the content of the mineral substances (commonly called ash) through washing, reducing the content of water through drying, improving the content of fixed carbon through discharging small molecular substances through pyrolysis and the like. At present, a plurality of research methods for improving the quality of coal by reducing the water content are provided, in particular to the dehydration and quality improvement of lignite, Chinese patent CN104178191A mentions that lignite accounts for 40% of the global reserves and 13% of the Chinese reserves, and is not beneficial to long-distance transportation and storage due to high water content (about 20% -60%), low heat value, easy weathering and spontaneous combustion and high unit energy transportation cost. The lignite upgrading technology at home and abroad can be roughly divided into three major types (the progress of lignite upgrading technology research in Chengzhou and the like, coal science and technology, 2011, 39 (11): 121-plus 125). Chinese patent CN104178191A mentions three upgrading treatment systems in the background art, the first is to directly contact lignite with hot air; secondly, processing the lignite by adopting a coke oven; the third is to adopt the heat conduction pipe which is vertically arranged to process; on the basis, the lignite upgrading treatment system is invented, which can obtain high-quality coal products with high thermal efficiency and is higher in safety. Chinese patent CN101701535B discloses a process for upgrading and recycling lignite to coproduce electricity, steam, coal gas, tar and briquette, and the process mainly aims to produce briquette, tar and coal gas on the basis of power supply and steam supply and realize the comprehensive recycling of the five-coproduction of lignite rich in water.

The above documents show that lignite is mainly studied for upgrading coal, and gas or solid is used as a heat carrier, mainly due to the fact that hot steam, flue gas, tail gas and coal particles can be generated in the processing and utilization process or heat conduction is carried out through equipment. The practical significance of lignite dehydration and upgrading is very great, and the upgrading of bituminous coal and anthracite coal has not much attention. Various methods and techniques for upgrading deoxygenation, denitrification, desulfurization and even demineralization materials are in need of development.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat boiled coal, which develops a research method and technology for improving the quality of coal while solving the problem of utilization of waste oil and fat, and particularly provides a research method for improving the quality of coal by boiling coal with waste oil and fat.

The invention initiatively uses the waste oil as a medium for processing and utilizing coal, changes the traditional coal processing mode in the environment of isolating air, inert atmosphere or reducing atmosphere gas medium and the like, improves the quality of coal, and is widely applied to the coal types of brown coal, bituminous coal, anthracite and the like. The application of waste oil and fat generated by kitchens and the like to coal upgrading is an innovative idea of changing waste oil and fat into valuables, and simultaneously, the coal upgrading and processing utilization method is further expanded. The coal boiling quality improvement mechanism of the invention is as follows: the coal particles are heated in the waste oil, when the temperature is higher than 100 ℃, free water adsorbed in the coal particles can be released in a gas form to enter the waste oil, meanwhile, the waste oil enters gaps of the coal particles, and meanwhile, other gases adsorbed by the coal particles are replaced by the waste oil. Mineral substances in the coal particles enter the waste oil and fat in the process, and hydrophilic oil transportation can enter the free water, so that the water content of the filtered coal is reduced, the ash content is reduced, the organic matter content of the coal is further improved, and the heat value is improved.

The invention provides a research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat boiled coal, which comprises the following steps:

(1) refining waste oil is obtained by impurity removal and purification of the waste oil, and then the refined waste oil is mixed with crushed (smashed) raw coal;

(2) stirring and heating reaction are carried out in a treatment device, then solid-liquid separation is realized by filtering, the separated solid is upgraded coal, the adsorbed oil is removed by filter pressing to prepare product coal, and the filter-pressed oil is returned to the treatment device for use;

(3) separating oil from water in liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation, removing impurities from the obtained separated oil, removing fine-grain coal cinder, purifying to remove dissolved small molecular substances to obtain refined waste oil, and adding the refined waste oil into a treatment device for use;

(4) and carrying out filter pressing on separated water obtained by carrying out oil-water separation on liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation to obtain solid mineral substances and liquid filter pressing water.

In the method, the temperature rise is determined according to the purpose of coal processing, and comprises the steps of controlling the coal dehydration to be 75-150 ℃, controlling the coal demineralization substance to be less than or equal to 200 ℃, pyrolyzing the coal to be 200-600 ℃ and the like, or determining the temperature change by combined processing.

In the method, the filtering adopts a filter screen of 100 meshes to 1000 meshes, particularly 300 meshes to 800 meshes.

In the method, the waste oil and fat is one or more of swill-cooked dirty oil, hogwash oil, frying oil, overdue edible oil and leftover oil and fat in slaughter houses, and also comprises oil and fat prepared by biological microalgae.

In the method, the waste oil treatment unit is subjected to degumming, impurity removal and deodorization treatment.

In the method, the particle size of the coal particles is less than or equal to 50mm, particularly, the particle size of coking coal is less than or equal to 3mm, the particle size of entrained flow bed coal is less than or equal to 0.1mm, the particle size of fluidized bed coal is less than or equal to 13mm, the particle size of liquefaction coal is less than or equal to 0.6mm, and the like.

In the above method, the fat-boiled coal treatment apparatus includes coal dehydration, coal demineralization, coal pyrolysis, and the like, depending on the purpose of coal processing.

In the method, the filtering and separating unit comprises solid-liquid separation (filtration), oil-water separation, filter pressing demineralization and dehydration.

In the method, the separated oil after oil-water separation in the filtering separation unit is recycled after impurity removal and purification (rectification or extraction).

The invention provides a research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat coal cooking, which comprises 5 parts, namely a waste oil and fat processing unit, a raw coal processing unit, an oil and fat coal cooking processing unit, a filtering and separating unit and a product collecting unit. Wherein, the waste oil treatment unit is mainly used for removing impurities in the waste oil to obtain pure glyceride containing fatty acid (containing a small amount of fatty acid); the raw coal processing unit is mainly used for crushing or crushing the coal according to the particle size requirement of the downstream technology for processing and utilizing the coal; the oil and fat coal boiling treatment unit is a unit mainly designed according to the purpose of coal processing; the filtering and separating unit is mainly used for separating the processed coal from the grease and separating water, mineral substances and the grease from the grease for recycling; the product collecting unit is mainly used for carrying out filter pressing and degreasing on the treated coal so as to obtain the product coal (coke).

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the waste oil is used as a medium for coal processing, so that the waste oil is changed into valuable, and a new way for utilizing is created;

(2) a new coal processing research method is initiated, the quality of coal is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the low-carbonization and high-valued utilization development of the coal is promoted;

(3) the research method has simple operation flow, comprehensive applicable coal types and good environmental protection effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow block diagram of a waste oil and fat coal-cooking quality improvement research method of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.

FIG. 1 shows a process flow block diagram of a waste oil and fat coal-cooking quality improvement research method of the invention. The research method provided by the invention comprises 5 parts of a waste oil treatment unit, a raw coal treatment unit, an oil coal boiling treatment unit, a filtering and separating unit and a product collecting unit. Wherein, the waste oil treatment unit is mainly used for removing impurities in the waste oil to obtain pure glyceride containing fatty acid (containing a small amount of fatty acid); the raw coal processing unit is mainly used for crushing or crushing the coal according to the particle size requirement of the downstream technology for processing and utilizing the coal; the oil and fat coal boiling treatment unit is a unit mainly designed according to the purpose of coal processing; the filtering and separating unit is mainly used for separating the processed coal from the grease and separating water, mineral substances and the grease from the grease for recycling; the product collecting unit is mainly used for carrying out filter pressing and degreasing on the treated coal so as to obtain the product coal (coke).

The invention provides a research method for improving the quality of waste oil and fat boiled coal, which comprises the following steps:

(1) refining waste oil is obtained by impurity removal and purification of the waste oil, and then the refined waste oil is mixed with crushed (smashed) raw coal;

(2) stirring and heating reaction are carried out in a treatment device, then solid-liquid separation is realized by filtering, the separated solid is upgraded coal, the adsorbed oil is removed by filter pressing to prepare product coal, and the filter-pressed oil is returned to the treatment device for use;

(3) separating oil from water in liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation, removing impurities from the obtained separated oil, removing fine-grain coal cinder, purifying to remove dissolved small molecular substances to obtain refined waste oil, and adding the refined waste oil into a treatment device for use;

(4) and carrying out filter pressing on separated water obtained by carrying out oil-water separation on liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation to obtain solid mineral substances and liquid filter pressing water.

In the method, the temperature rise is determined according to the purpose of coal processing, and comprises the steps of controlling the coal dehydration to be 75-150 ℃, controlling the coal demineralization substance to be less than or equal to 200 ℃, pyrolyzing the coal to be 200-600 ℃ and the like, or determining the temperature change by combined processing.

In the method, the filtering adopts a filter screen of 100 meshes to 1000 meshes, particularly 300 meshes to 800 meshes.

In the method, the waste oil and fat is one or more of swill-cooked dirty oil, hogwash oil, frying oil, overdue edible oil and leftover oil and fat in slaughter houses, and also comprises oil and fat prepared by biological microalgae.

In the method, the waste oil treatment unit is subjected to degumming, impurity removal and deodorization treatment.

In the method, the particle size of the coal particles is less than or equal to 50mm, particularly, the particle size of coking coal is less than or equal to 3mm, the particle size of entrained flow bed coal is less than or equal to 0.1mm, the particle size of fluidized bed coal is less than or equal to 13mm, the particle size of liquefaction coal is less than or equal to 0.6mm, and the like.

In the above method, the fat-boiled coal treatment apparatus includes coal dehydration, coal demineralization, coal pyrolysis, and the like, depending on the purpose of coal processing.

In the method, the filtering and separating unit comprises solid-liquid separation (filtration), oil-water separation, filter pressing demineralization and dehydration.

In the method, the separated oil after oil-water separation in the filtering separation unit is recycled after impurity removal and purification (rectification or extraction).