阅读说明：本技术 一种煤层静态膨胀致裂增透设备和方法 (Coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability-increasing equipment and method ) 是由 黄启铭 王刚 程卫民 孙路路 刘义鑫 杜文州 于 2020-04-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种煤层静态膨胀致裂增透设备和方法,设备包括注浆车和注浆管路,注浆车上方设置注浆泵、膨胀剂料箱、酸解剂料箱,膨胀剂料箱的底部设置有膨胀剂出料口,酸解剂料箱的底部设置有酸解剂出料口,且膨胀剂出料口、酸解剂出料口分别与注浆泵的进液口相连接；注浆管路通过管线与注浆泵的出液口连接,注浆管路包括设置于煤层钻孔中的若干段相连接的旋接管。本发明的有益效果是,通过机械化操作,以煤层钻孔注入减阻膨胀剂后产生静态膨胀作用,促使煤层发生破裂产生裂隙,再通过分解剂进行化学分解,对煤层钻孔中的减阻膨胀剂残料进行清洗处理,确保钻孔和周边煤层裂隙孔道的连通性,具有经济成本低,安全系数高的优点。(The invention discloses coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability-increasing equipment and a method, wherein the equipment comprises a grouting vehicle and a grouting pipeline, wherein a grouting pump, an expanding agent box and an acidolysis agent box are arranged above the grouting vehicle, the bottom of the expanding agent box is provided with an expanding agent discharge hole, the bottom of the acidolysis agent box is provided with an acidolysis agent discharge hole, and the expanding agent discharge hole and the acidolysis agent discharge hole are respectively connected with a liquid inlet of the grouting pump; the grouting pipeline is connected with a liquid outlet of the grouting pump through a pipeline, and the grouting pipeline comprises a rotary connection pipe which is arranged in a plurality of sections of coal seam drilling holes and connected with each other. The invention has the advantages that through mechanical operation, the coal seam drill hole is injected with the anti-drag expanding agent to generate static expansion effect to promote the coal seam to break to generate cracks, then the chemical decomposition is carried out through the decomposing agent to clean the residual materials of the anti-drag expanding agent in the coal seam drill hole, and the connectivity between the drill hole and the peripheral coal seam crack hole channel is ensured, so that the invention has the advantages of low economic cost and high safety factor.)

1. The coal bed static expansion cracking permeability increasing equipment is characterized by comprising a grouting vehicle and a grouting pipeline, wherein a grouting pump, a swelling agent material box containing a resistance-reducing swelling agent and an acidolysis agent material box containing an acidolysis agent are arranged above a chassis of the grouting vehicle, the bottom of the swelling agent material box is provided with a swelling agent discharge port, the bottom of the acidolysis agent material box is provided with an acidolysis agent discharge port, and the swelling agent discharge port and the acidolysis agent discharge port are respectively connected with a liquid inlet of the grouting pump through pipelines; the grouting pipeline is connected with a liquid outlet of the grouting pump in a rotary mode through a pipeline, the grouting pipeline comprises a plurality of sections of rotary connecting pipes which are arranged in coal seam drilling holes and connected, and a plurality of grouting holes are formed in the pipe wall of each section of rotary connecting pipe.

2. The coal seam static swelling, fracturing and permeability increasing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the two sections of the swivel pipes are connected end to end in a manner of screwing by adopting a spiral connector.

3. The coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability increasing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the swelling agent bin and the acidolysis agent bin are both cylindrical box structures, top covers are arranged above the swelling agent bin, a first liquid outlet valve is arranged on a discharge port of the swelling agent bin, and a second liquid outlet valve is arranged on a discharge port of the acidolysis agent bin.

4. The coal seam static swelling, fracturing and permeability increasing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the grouting pump is further connected with a controller to control the grouting pump to be opened and closed.

5. A coal seam static swelling, fracturing and permeability increasing method which adopts the equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) measuring the strength of the coal body, and selecting the specification of the acidolysis capsule;

(2) arranging drill holes and connecting pipelines;

(3) injecting the anti-drag expanding agent into the drill hole;

(4) the coal bed is cracked by expansion and acidolysis capsules are broken;

(5) injecting acidolysis agent into the drilled hole to clean the residues.

6. The coal seam static swelling, fracturing and permeability increasing method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), firstly, a mine drilling machine is used for laying a drill hole with a certain length in the coal seam needing permeability increasing, then a grouting vehicle is pulled to the vicinity of the drill hole, a plurality of sections of screwed pipes are pushed into the drill hole until the first section of screwed pipe entering the drill hole reaches the bottom of the drill hole, and finally, the last section of screwed pipe entering the drill hole is screwed with the pipeline.

7. The coal seam static expansion, fracturing and permeability increasing method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3), the resistance-reducing expanding agent is prepared, the first liquid outlet valve is opened, the second liquid outlet valve is kept closed, the grouting pump is started through the controller to rapidly convey the resistance-reducing expanding agent to the rotary connection pipe in the drill hole, the resistance-reducing expanding agent enters the grouting hole through the rotary connection pipe and gradually fills the drill hole, at the moment, the grouting pump is closed, and the mining polyurethane is adopted to rapidly perform drilling and hole sealing operations.

8. The method for improving the permeability of the coal seam through static swelling, fracturing and permeability of the coal seam as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (4), after the water is injected into the drilled hole, calcium oxide powder in the resistance-reducing expanding agent and water undergo a hydration reaction to generate calcium hydroxide, the volume of the calcium hydroxide expands, and when stress caused by expansion breaks through the tensile strength of the coal body, the coal seam is fractured so as to increase the permeability; meanwhile, the acidolysis capsule is broken and releases acidolysis agent, and the acidolysis agent and calcium hydroxide generate neutralization action, so that the tightly extruded swelling agent structure is loosened and softened.

9. The coal seam static swelling, cracking and permeability increasing method of claim 5, wherein in the step (5), the polyurethane material at the drilling hole port is cleaned, the outer end of the drilling hole is kept open, the second liquid outlet valve is opened, the first liquid outlet valve is kept closed, the acid hydrolysis agent prepared in the acid hydrolysis material box is injected into the drilling hole at high pressure through the controller, the slurry injection pump is started, the acid hydrolysis agent is injected into the drilling hole at high pressure, the resistance-reducing swelling agent in the drilling hole is further softened, and residues of the resistance-reducing swelling agent are gradually discharged from the drilling hole under the high-pressure flushing effect.

10. The method for improving the permeability of the coal seam through static swelling, fracturing and permeability of the coal seam as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation process of the drag-reducing swelling agent comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a proper amount of clear water into an expanding agent material box, then adding 15 mass percent of calcium oxide powder, 2 mass percent of acidolysis capsule and 0.5 mass percent of polyacrylamide powder, and quickly and uniformly stirring.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety, in particular to coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability-increasing equipment and a method.

Background

Gas disasters are troublesome problems which restrict the safe production of coal mines in China. The gas extraction is a technology for extracting coal seam gas by arranging drill holes in a coal seam, so that the gas content of the coal seam and the gas emission amount of a working face can be effectively reduced. But most coal seams have poor natural gas permeability, and the effect is not ideal when gas is directly extracted. Therefore, before coal seam gas extraction construction, coal seam permeability increasing construction is generally required.

And (4) permeability increasing, namely increasing the air permeability of the coal seam by adopting a manual technical method. At present, the traditional permeability increasing technology of coal mines mainly comprises explosive blasting permeability increasing and hydraulic fracturing permeability increasing. The two technical methods are applied, so that the coal seam gas extraction efficiency is improved to a certain extent, but both have certain limitations. The blasting permeability increase of the explosive is realized by making cracks in a coal bed by means of shock waves generated by the explosion of the drilling explosive, but the local high temperature generated in the blasting process brings huge potential safety hazards to the underground. Especially in high gas mines, the high temperature caused by the anti-reflection of explosive blasting can induce gas explosion and cause immeasurable loss. And the hydraulic fracturing permeability increase usually needs expensive technical equipment such as a fracturing pump and the like, so that the economic and technical cost is high.

In recent years, engineering technicians try to perform coal seam drilling permeability increase by using a static expanding agent, but the technology is low in mechanization level and construction efficiency, and residual materials after expansion fracturing block drilled holes and are difficult to clean, so that the technology cannot be popularized and applied in a large scale.

Based on the technical problem, the technical problem of coal seam permeability improvement in the prior art is solved, and the safe and effective coal seam permeability improvement is an urgent need to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability-increasing equipment and a coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability-increasing method, aiming at solving the technical problems of poor explosive blasting permeability-increasing safety and high economic cost of hydraulic fracturing permeability-increasing in a coal seam permeability-increasing method.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the coal bed static expansion cracking permeability-increasing equipment comprises a grouting vehicle and a grouting pipeline, wherein a grouting pump, a swelling agent material box for containing a resistance-reducing swelling agent and an acidolysis agent material box for containing an acidolysis agent are arranged above a chassis of the grouting vehicle, a swelling agent discharge port is formed in the bottom of the swelling agent material box, an acidolysis agent discharge port is formed in the bottom of the acidolysis agent material box, and the swelling agent discharge port and the acidolysis agent discharge port are respectively connected with a liquid inlet of the grouting pump through pipelines; the grouting pipeline is connected with a liquid outlet of the grouting pump in a rotary mode through a pipeline, the grouting pipeline comprises a plurality of sections of rotary connecting pipes which are arranged in coal seam drilling holes and connected, and a plurality of grouting holes are formed in the pipe wall of each section of rotary connecting pipe.

As a further preferable mode of the invention, the two sections of the screwing pipes are connected end to end in a screwing mode of a spiral joint.

As a further optimization of the invention, the expanding agent box and the acidolysis agent box are both cylindrical box structures, top covers are arranged above the expanding agent box and the acidolysis agent box, a first liquid outlet valve is arranged on a discharge port of the expanding agent box, and a second liquid outlet valve is arranged on a discharge port of the acidolysis agent box.

As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the grouting pump is further connected to a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the grouting pump.

The invention also discloses a coal seam static expansion fracturing permeability-increasing method, which adopts the equipment and specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) measuring the strength of the coal body, and selecting the specification of the acidolysis capsule;

(2) arranging drill holes and connecting pipelines;

(3) injecting the anti-drag expanding agent into the drill hole;

(4) the coal bed is cracked by expansion and acidolysis capsules are broken;

(5) injecting acidolysis agent into the drilled hole to clean the residues.

As a further preferable mode of the invention, in the step (2), firstly, a mine drilling machine is used for laying a drill hole with a certain length in a coal seam needing permeability increase, then a grouting vehicle is pulled to the vicinity of the drill hole, a plurality of sections of screwed pipes are pushed into the drill hole until the first section of screwed pipe entering the drill hole reaches the bottom of the drill hole, and finally, the last section of screwed pipe entering the drill hole is screwed with the pipeline.

As a further preferred option of the invention, in the step (3), the anti-drag expanding agent is prepared, the first liquid outlet valve is opened, the second liquid outlet valve is kept closed, the grouting pump is opened through the controller to rapidly convey the anti-drag expanding agent to the rotary connection pipe in the drill hole, the anti-drag expanding agent enters the grouting hole through the rotary connection pipe and gradually fills the drill hole, at this time, the grouting pump is closed, and the mining polyurethane is adopted to rapidly perform the hole sealing operation of the drill hole.

As a further preferable mode of the invention, in the step (4), after the drilling hole is injected, calcium oxide powder in the drag reduction expanding agent and water undergo a hydration reaction to generate calcium hydroxide, the volume of the calcium hydroxide expands, and when stress caused by expansion breaks through the tensile strength of the coal body, a coal seam is cracked, so that the air permeability is increased; meanwhile, the acidolysis capsule is broken and releases acidolysis agent, and the acidolysis agent and calcium hydroxide generate neutralization action, so that the tightly extruded swelling agent structure is loosened and softened.

As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, in step (5), the polyurethane material at the drilling hole port is cleaned, the outer end of the drilling hole is kept open, the second liquid outlet valve is opened, the first liquid outlet valve is kept closed, the acid hydrolysis agent pre-prepared in the acid hydrolysis material tank is injected into the drilling hole at high pressure by the controller opening the injection pump, so as to promote the resistance-reducing expanding agent inside the drilling hole to be further softened, and under the high-pressure flushing action, the residue of the resistance-reducing expanding agent is gradually discharged from the drilling hole.

As a further preferred aspect of the invention, the preparation process of the drag-reducing expanding agent comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a proper amount of clear water into an expanding agent material box, then adding 15 mass percent of calcium oxide powder, 2 mass percent of acidolysis capsule and 0.5 mass percent of polyacrylamide powder, and quickly and uniformly stirring.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that,

1. static expansion cracking, no high temperature generated in the anti-reflection process and high safety coefficient;

2. the adopted anti-drag expanding agent and acidolysis agent have low cost, and the production cost is saved;

3. the anti-drag expanding agent contains a polyacrylamide component, so that on one hand, the viscosity of the slurry can be improved, the phenomenon that the slurry is too thin and is not easy to fill an elevation angle drill hole is prevented, on the other hand, the friction resistance of the slurry flowing in a pipeline and the drill hole can be reduced, and the grouting efficiency can be effectively improved;

4. under the dual effect of releasing the acidolysis agent through the acidolysis capsule and injecting the acidolysis agent into the drilling hole, the residual expanding agent in the drilling hole can be effectively softened and discharged through chemical reaction, and the drilling hole and the coal body crack pore canal are prevented from being blocked by the residual.

In conclusion, compared with the traditional explosive blasting permeability-increasing technology, the method has the advantages that through mechanical operation, after the resistance-reducing expanding agent is injected into the coal seam drill hole, the static expansion effect is generated, the coal seam is promoted to be broken to generate cracks, then the chemical decomposition is carried out through the decomposing agent, the residual material of the resistance-reducing expanding agent in the coal seam drill hole is cleaned, the connectivity of the drill hole and the peripheral coal seam crack hole channel is ensured, the economic cost is low, the safety coefficient is high, the method can be widely applied to the coal mine industry, and is particularly suitable for the coal seam permeability-increasing engineering of high gas mines.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a controller; 2. an expanding agent bin; 3. an acidolysis agent bin; 4. grouting pump; 5. a chassis; 6. a first liquid outlet valve; 7. a second liquid outlet valve; 8. a pipeline; 9. screwing the pipe; 10. grouting holes; 11. a coal seam; 12. and (6) drilling.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.