阅读说明：本技术 一种基于重力式格宾结构的矿山生态综合修复方法 (Gravity type gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method ) 是由 朱怡 于 2020-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于重力式格宾结构的矿山生态综合修复方法,将矿山废渣回填入矿洞,并对矿山进行削坡处理,构成梯田式边坡结构,在所述梯田式边坡结构各层底部开槽,将预制好的低碳钢丝六边形格宾网箱结构埋设于该槽中,就地选取粒径为100～300mm的矿山石块,填充入所述网箱结构内,构成重力式格宾挡墙；采用二次土壤回填方法,先取矿山堆渣20％～30％当量的土壤回填入所述梯田式边坡结构与所述重力式格宾挡墙之间,形成水土保持层,然后取所述水土保持层的15％～25％当量的营养土壤覆盖于所述水土保持层上；水分收集、储蓄及渗透,植被种植。本发明的方法,将废弃的矿山修复成为了大面积作物耕地,而且结构稳定、生态平衡。(The invention discloses a gravity type gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method, which comprises the steps of filling mine waste residues into mine holes, conducting slope cutting treatment on a mine, forming a terrace type side slope structure, forming a groove in the bottom of each layer of the terrace type side slope structure, embedding a prefabricated low-carbon steel wire hexagonal gabion net cage structure into the groove, selecting mine stones with the particle size of 100-300mm on site, and filling the mine stones into the net cage structure to form a gravity type gabion retaining wall; adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, backfilling 20-30% equivalent of soil of mine stacking slag into a space between the terrace type slope structure and the gravity type gabion retaining wall to form a water and soil retaining layer, and covering 15-25% equivalent of nutrient soil of the water and soil retaining layer on the water and soil retaining layer; collecting, storing and permeating water, and planting vegetation. The method of the invention repairs the abandoned mine into large-area crop cultivated land, and has stable structure and ecological balance.)

1. A gravity type gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps

S100, mine slag piling and backfilling: backfilling mine waste residues into a mine hole, and carrying out slope cutting treatment on the mine to form a terrace type side slope structure, wherein the width-to-height ratio of the terrace type side slope structure is 2-5;

s200, installing gravity type gabion: grooving the bottom of each layer of the terrace type slope structure, embedding a prefabricated low-carbon steel wire gabion net cage structure in the grooves, wherein the embedding depth is not lower than 1/8 of the gravity gabion height, the net surface tensile strength of the net cage structure is not lower than 50KN/m, the steel wire tensile strength of the net cage structure is 350-550N/mm, and the elongation is not lower than 10%;

s300 gravity style gabion fill: selecting mine rock blocks on site, wherein the particle size of the rock blocks is 100-300mm, filling the rock blocks into the net cage structure, and forming a gravity type gabion retaining wall, wherein the porosity after filling is not more than 35%;

s400, soil backfilling: adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, backfilling 20-30% equivalent of soil of mine stacking residues into a space between the terrace type slope structure and the gravity type gabion retaining wall to form a water and soil retaining layer, and covering 15-25% equivalent of nutrient soil of the water and soil retaining layer on the water and soil retaining layer to form a nutrient soil covering layer;

s500 moisture collection, storage and infiltration: building water storage and drainage channels on two sides of the nutrient soil, wherein ecological holes are formed in the bottoms of the water storage and drainage channels and one sides of the water and soil conservation layers and the nutrient soil covering layers, and water permeates into the nutrient soil covering layers and the water and soil conservation layers through the ecological holes;

s600 vegetation or crop planting: and planting drought-enduring crops on the nutrient soil, and simultaneously planting or cutting vegetation on the outer side of the gravity retaining wall.

2. The method for comprehensively restoring the ecology of mines according to claim 1, wherein the prefabrication of gravity gabions in S200 comprises:

s201, weaving the low-carbon steel wires subjected to special anti-corrosion treatment into a hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh, and performing zinc-plating plastic-coating treatment on the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh;

s202: the net surface steel wire is wound on the edge end steel wire by more than or equal to 2.5 circles by adopting a flanging machine, so that the connection strength of the net surface and the edge end steel wire is enhanced;

s203: and adopting steel wires made of the same material as the mesh surface steel wires, alternately twisting the single-ring steel wire and the double-ring steel wire at intervals of 10-15cm, and processing the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh into a mesh box structure.

3. The gravity-type gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method according to claim 2, wherein reinforcing ribs are arranged on one side of the gravity-type gabion close to the outer side, at least four reinforcing ribs are arranged in each square meter, and twisting is achieved through penetration of wood rods.

4. The gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gravity gabion is divided into independent units by adopting transverse partition plates every 1-2 m, and the independent units are used in combination according to the length, width and height tolerance of the groove.

5. A gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a non-woven geotextile is arranged on one side of the gravity gabion close to backfill soil to serve as a reverse filter layer, and soil moisture is kept.

6. The method for comprehensively restoring the ecology of mines according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and based on the gravity type gabion structure, characterized in that the cross section of the water storage and drainage channel is trapezoidal and comprises side walls and a channel bottom arranged between the side walls.

7. The gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of ecological holes are formed in each of the side walls and the bottom of the trench.

8. The gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method according to claim 7, wherein a trench bottom surface is made of cement mortar on the trench bottom, so that moisture is collected and stored conveniently.

9. The gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method according to claim 6, wherein the water storage and drainage channel is provided with a tap water access pipe, and water compensation is performed when insufficient water storage is achieved.

10. A gravity gabion structure based mine ecology synthesis restoration method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the drought tolerant crop comprises one or more of tea tree, wheat, corn, oat, sorghum, potato or sweet potato.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a gravity type gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method.

Background

Ecological restoration must be transited from simple greening to ecological functional restoration, and a complete functional ecosystem should be reestablished as a whole. The existing ecological restoration range of China is large, a specific restoration state cannot be pursued intentionally and blindly, and the ecological restoration target must be set according to the area, the position and the ecological suitability of a mine. Firstly, considering how to perform stable restoration under the condition of ecological appropriateness; secondly, whether a better ecosystem structure can be achieved after restoration; finally, the ultimate aim of the people is to achieve better ecological functions, such as water conservation, water and soil conservation, recreation and entertainment and the like.

However, for the restoration of the ecological function of the mine, economic and social targets, including cultural function, aesthetic function, public perception and the like, must be comprehensively considered. The large-area damage of the mine at present has very obvious influence on human beings in a damage area, particularly on residents in local areas. For this reason, the ecological restoration of the mine cannot be limited to vegetation restoration only, but what ecological services such as a supply function, a raw material function, a water purification function, a cultural inheritance function, an aesthetic function, and the like can be provided to residents of residential areas in the case of the guarantee of the ecosystem function is considered.

In the past, the mining scale is smaller, the mining is far away from urban areas, the range is smaller, the recovery of more heavily-stressed vegetation is repaired, and the improvement of biodiversity is better considered. For example, patent document CN103299740B discloses a treatment method for recovering vegetation in abandoned mine lands, which comprises preparing an improved suspension, spraying the improved suspension, improving infiltration, spraying a soil dressing base material, and repairing vegetation. Patent document CN103299799B discloses a treatment method for recovering vegetation in a mine polluted ground, which comprises removing large pumice or protrusions from the mine polluted ground, disposing a resistance-control isolation material, spraying the resistance-control isolation material on the polluted ground to form a resistance-control isolation layer, reconstructing a vegetation layer on the resistance-control isolation layer by using a fiber filament soil-fixing slope-protecting vegetation technology, and recovering vegetation on the vegetation layer. However, the above-mentioned methods for repairing mines are all simple vegetation repair. However, with the development of urbanization, mining of mines is closer to cities, and the restoration of mines must be considered to be combined with the social and economic development of surrounding cities. On the other hand, the mining scale of mines is getting larger, the restoration mode is certainly not single vegetation restoration, and not only local economic and social development but also actual production value, ecological balance and the like brought by mine restoration need to be considered. In addition, mine side slopes have the problems of complex terrain, more rocks and less soil, large occupied area, difficult ecological restoration and the like, so a comprehensive ecological restoration method for mines is urgently needed to be provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a gravity gabion structure-based comprehensive mine ecological restoration method, which comprises the steps of conducting slope cutting treatment on a mine to form a terrace-type side slope structure, constructing a gravity gabion retaining wall, constructing a water-soil retaining layer and a nutrient soil covering layer by adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, constructing a storage drainage channel, arranging ecological holes to be communicated with the water-soil retaining layer and the nutrient soil covering layer, fully collecting and storing slope runoff, providing a water source for vegetation or crop growth, planting vegetation or crops in the nutrient soil covering layer, planting vegetation or cutting vegetation on the outer side of the gravity gabion, restoring a waste mine to form large-area vegetation or crop cultivated land, and achieving stable structure and ecological balance.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a gravity type gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method, which comprises the following steps of

S100, mine slag piling and backfilling: backfilling mine waste residues into a mine hole, and carrying out slope cutting treatment on the mine to form a terrace type side slope structure, wherein the width-to-height ratio of the terrace type side slope structure is 2-5;

s200, installing gravity type gabion: grooving the bottom of each layer of the terrace type slope structure, embedding a prefabricated low-carbon steel wire gabion net cage structure in the grooves, wherein the embedding depth is not lower than 1/8 of the gravity gabion height, the net surface tensile strength of the net cage structure is not lower than 50KN/m, the steel wire tensile strength of the net cage structure is 350-550N/mm, and the elongation is not lower than 10%;

s300 gravity style gabion fill: selecting mine rock blocks on site, wherein the particle size of the rock blocks is 100-300mm, filling the rock blocks into the net cage structure, and forming a gravity type gabion retaining wall, wherein the porosity after filling is not more than 35%;

s400, soil backfilling: adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, backfilling 20-30% equivalent of soil of mine stacking residues into a space between the terrace type slope structure and the gravity type gabion retaining wall to form a water and soil retaining layer, and covering 15-25% equivalent of nutrient soil of the water and soil retaining layer on the water and soil retaining layer to form a nutrient soil covering layer;

s500 moisture collection, storage and infiltration: building water storage and drainage channels on two sides of the nutrient soil, wherein ecological holes are formed in the bottoms of the water storage and drainage channels and one sides of the water and soil conservation layers and the nutrient soil covering layers, and water permeates into the nutrient soil covering layers and the water and soil conservation layers through the ecological holes;

s600 vegetation or crop planting: and planting drought-enduring crops on the nutrient soil, and simultaneously planting or cutting vegetation on the outer side of the gravity retaining wall.

Further, the prefabrication of the gravity type gabion in S200 comprises:

s201, weaving the low-carbon steel wires subjected to special anti-corrosion treatment into a hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh, and performing zinc-plating plastic-coating treatment on the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh;

s202: the net surface steel wire is wound on the edge end steel wire by more than or equal to 2.5 circles by adopting a flanging machine, so that the connection strength of the net surface and the edge end steel wire is enhanced;

s203: and adopting steel wires made of the same material as the mesh surface steel wires, alternately twisting the single-ring steel wire and the double-ring steel wire at intervals of 10-15cm, and processing the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh into a mesh box structure.

Furthermore, one side of the gravity type gabion, which is close to the outer side, is provided with reinforcing ribs, the number of the reinforcing ribs is at least four per square meter, and twisting is achieved through penetration of a wood stick.

Furthermore, the gravity type gabion is divided into independent units by transverse partition plates every 1-2 m, and the independent units are combined for use according to the length, the width and the height tolerance of the groove.

Furthermore, one side of the gravity type gabion, which is close to the backfill soil, is provided with a non-woven geotextile as a reverse filter layer, so that the soil moisture is kept.

Further, the cross section of the water storage and drainage channel is trapezoidal and comprises side walls and a channel bottom arranged between the side walls.

Furthermore, the side wall and the bottom of the channel are provided with a plurality of ecological holes.

Furthermore, the canal bottom plastering surface is manufactured by cement mortar on the canal bottom, so that water is convenient to collect and store.

Furthermore, the water storage and drainage channel is provided with a tap water access pipe for water compensation when the water storage is insufficient.

Further, the drought tolerant crop comprises one or more of tea, wheat, corn, oat, sorghum, potato or sweet potato.

In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

1. the method comprises the steps of processing mine slope cutting into a terrace type side slope structure, constructing a gravity type gabion retaining wall, constructing a water and soil retaining layer and a nutrient soil covering layer by adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, constructing a water storage and drainage channel, arranging ecological holes to be communicated with the water and soil retaining layer and the nutrient soil covering layer, fully collecting and storing slope runoff, planting vegetation or crops on the nutrient soil covering layer, planting or cutting vegetation on at the outer side of the gabion, and restoring the abandoned mine into large-area vegetation or crop cultivated land with stable structure and ecological balance.

2. The method of the invention not only realizes the vegetation restoration of the mine, but also can restore a large area of mine into a terrace, and cultivates drought-resistant crops in the terrace through water and soil conservation measures, thereby realizing the ecological restoration and comprehensive utilization of the mine.

3. According to the method, the gravity type gabion is woven into the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh by using the low-carbon steel wires subjected to special anti-corrosion treatment, and the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh is subjected to galvanizing and plastic-coating treatment, so that the corrosion damage of the hexagonal double-twisted steel wire mesh due to wind, water and sunshine is effectively avoided, and the stability and the durability of the structure are ensured.

4. According to the method, the gravity type gabion is alternately stranded in a single-turn and double-turn mode at intervals of 10-15cm, the hexagonal double-stranded steel wire mesh is processed into the net cage structure, the tensile strength of the net surface is not lower than 50KN/m, the tensile strength of steel wires of the net cage structure is 350-550N/mm, the elongation is not lower than 10%, the problems of landslide and collapse of mine side slopes are effectively avoided, and the structural reliability and engineering safety of ecological restoration of mines are enhanced.

5. According to the method, the non-woven geotextile is arranged on one side of the gravity gabion close to the backfill soil to serve as a reverse filter layer, so that the runoff overflow of the slope is avoided, the soil moisture is kept, and a water source is provided for vegetation or crop growth.

6. According to the method, the section of the water storage and drainage channel is trapezoidal and comprises side walls and a channel bottom arranged between the side walls, a plurality of ecological holes are formed in the side walls and the channel bottom, on one hand, the water storage and drainage channel collects water sources or rainwater and the like penetrating in mine construction during waterlogging and stores the water sources or rainwater and the like in the channel, and on the other hand, water is continuously supplied to the nutrient soil covering layer through the ecological holes during drought so that the water can be absorbed by vegetation roots.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of a gravity gabion structure and vegetation arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gravity type gabion structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a gravity type gabion hinge according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a mechanical flanging of a gravity gabion in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the operation of the panel stiffener according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a gravity gabion hole in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of an ecological hole reserved in a water storage and discharge channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic sectional view of an ecological hole reserved in a water storage and discharge channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In all the figures, the same reference numerals denote the same features, in particular: 1-ground line, 2-gravity gabion retaining wall, 3-water storage and drainage channel, 4-nutrient soil, 5-vegetation or crops, 6-water and soil conservation layer, 7-non-woven geotextile, 8-mine slag-piling slope, 9-mine slag-piling, 10-vegetation root system and 11-rock block;

21-galvanized plastic-coated panel, 22-galvanized plastic-coated rear panel, 23-galvanized plastic-coated top cover, 24-galvanized plastic-coated end plate and 25-clapboard;

211-double rings, 212-single rings, 213-end edge steel wires, 214-net surface steel wires, 215-double twists, 216-reinforcing ribs, 217-wood bars,

31-side wall, 32-ecological hole, 33-bottom of the canal, 34-bottom of the canal surface.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gravity gabion structure-based mine ecological comprehensive restoration method, including:

s100, mine slag piling and backfilling: backfilling mine waste residues 9 into a mine hole, and carrying out slope cutting treatment on a mine slag piling side slope 8 to form a terrace type side slope structure, wherein the width-to-height ratio of the terrace type side slope structure is 2-5, the height of a step is generally 2-4 m, and the width is generally 4-20 m, so that a large cultivation area is ensured, drought-enduring economic crops such as tea trees, wheat, corn, oat, sorghum, potatoes, sweet potatoes and the like can be cultivated in the terrace type side slope structure, and effective utilization of mine land is realized.

S200, installing gravity type gabion: slotting the bottom of the terrace type slope structure, embedding a low-carbon steel wire hexagonal gabion net cage structure prefabricated in advance into the slot, wherein the embedding depth is not lower than 1/8 of the gravity type gabion height, the net surface tensile strength of the net cage structure is not lower than 50KN/m, the steel wire tensile strength of the net cage structure is 350-550N/mm, and the elongation is not lower than 10%;

s300 gravity style gabion fill: selecting hard, difficult-to-weather, difficult-to-hydrolyze and difficult-to-break rock blocks 11 on site, filling the rock blocks 11 with the particle size of 100-300mm into the net cage structure, wherein the porosity after filling is not more than 35%, and forming a gravity type gabion retaining wall 2;

s400, soil backfilling: as shown in fig. 2 and 9, by adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, 20% -30% equivalent of soil of mine stacking slag is backfilled between the terrace type slope structure and the gravity type gabion retaining wall 2 to form a water and soil conservation layer 6, and then 15% -25% equivalent of nutrient soil of the water and soil conservation layer is covered on the water and soil conservation layer 6;

s500 moisture collection, storage and infiltration: building water storage and drainage channels 3 on two sides of the nutrient soil for collecting and storing rainwater, wherein ecological holes 32 are formed in the bottoms of the water storage and drainage channels 3 and one side close to the nutrient soil, and water permeates into the water and soil retaining layer 6 through the ecological holes 32;

s600 vegetation or crop planting: vegetation or crops 5, such as drought-tolerant commercial crops like tea, wheat, corn, oats, sorghum, potatoes, sweet potatoes and the like, are planted on the nutrient soil, and vegetation is planted or cut on the outer side of the gravity retaining wall as shown in fig. 3.

The method comprises the steps of processing mine slope cutting into a terrace type side slope structure, constructing a gravity type gabion retaining wall, constructing a water and soil retaining layer 6 and a nutrient soil covering layer by adopting a secondary soil backfilling method, constructing a water storage and drainage channel, arranging ecological holes to be communicated with the water and soil retaining layer and the nutrient soil covering layer, fully collecting and storing slope runoff, planting vegetation or crops on the nutrient soil covering layer, planting or cutting vegetation on the outer side of the gravity type gabion, and restoring the abandoned mine into large-area vegetation or crop cultivated land with stable structure and ecological balance.

Further, as shown in fig. 4-8, the gravity type gabion retaining wall 2 comprises a galvanized plastic-coated face plate 21, a galvanized plastic-coated back plate 22, a galvanized plastic-coated top cover 23, a galvanized plastic-coated end plate 24 and a partition plate 25. This gravity type gabion barricade 2 has great bearing capacity, and it can be carried and prefabricated in the mill in advance, carries the job site installation, can improve the efficiency and the security of mine restoration construction greatly, specifically includes:

weave into the two twisted steel silk meshes of hexagon with the low carbon steel wire after the special anticorrosive treatment, it is right the two twisted steel silk meshes of hexagon do the zinc-plating and cover the plastic processing, effectively avoid it to experience the geomantic omen solarization and by corrosion damage, guarantee the stability and the durability of structure, other concrete requirements see table 1 and table 2, the adhesion requirement of cladding material: when the wire was wrapped 6 times around a mandrel having 4 times the wire diameter, the wire was rubbed with the fingers and did not flake or crack.

TABLE 1 Steel wire technical parameter table

Type of steel wire	Net surface steel wire	Edge end steel wire	Binding steel wire
				Diameter (inside diameter) mm of steel wire	2.7	3.4	2.0
Diameter (outside diameter) mm of steel wire	3.7	4.4	3.0
				Tolerance (+/-) phi mm of steel wire diameter	0.06	0.07	0.05
Minimum galvanizing amount g2/m	245	265	215

Wherein, the inner diameter is the wire diameter before plastic coating, and the outer diameter refers to the wire diameter after plastic coating.

TABLE 2 Plastic-coated technical parameter table

Index (I)	Technical requirements	Index (I)	Technical requirements
				Colour(s)	Grey colour	Tensile strength MPa	≥20
Specific gravity g/mm	1.35-1.40	Elongation at break%	≥200
				Shore A hardness	90-100	Thickness mm of plastic coating	0.5

Further, as shown in fig. 4, the gravity type gabion is divided into independent units by partition boards 25 every 1-2 meters, the independent units are used in a combined mode according to tolerance of length, width and height of a mine side slope groove, different units are stranded by steel wires to form a gabion frame structure together, the specific gravity type gabion specification is shown in table 3, and the mesh type parameter is shown in table 4. The gabion units can be matched and combined in different specifications and sizes according to the landform and the landform of ores to form a gravity gabion structure, preferably, the tensile strength of a net surface of an independent unit net cage structure is not lower than 50KN/m, the tensile strength of a steel wire of the net cage structure is 350-550N/mm, the elongation is not lower than 10%, the structural strength of a mine side slope retaining wall is greatly improved, the problems that the mine side slope slides and collapses and the like are effectively avoided, and the structural reliability and the engineering safety of mine ecological restoration are enhanced.

TABLE 3 specification of gravity gabion

TABLE 4 mesh model number parameter table

Product name	Mesh size	D(mm)	Tolerance of	Net surface steel wire
					Gabion	8*10	80	+16％/-4％	2.7/3.7

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the joint of the end and the edge end steel wire after the mesh surface is cut is a weak link of the whole structure, in order to enhance the connection strength between the mesh surface and the edge end steel wire, a professional flanging machine is adopted to wind the mesh surface steel wire 214 on the edge end steel wire 213 for more than or equal to 2.5 circles, so as to ensure the firm connection between different mesh surfaces of gabions, thereby bearing the load effects such as the pressure of filling stones in the gabions and coming soil bodies, ensuring that the whole gabion structure cannot fall off or crack, and avoiding the problems of the flowing of stones, the damage of the retaining wall structure and the like.

Preferably, the steel wires are made of the same material as the mesh steel wires, and the single-ring 211 and the double-ring 212 are twisted alternately at intervals of 10-15cm strictly for ensuring the connection strength, as shown in fig. 5, the single-ring and double-ring alternate twisting mode is adopted for enhancing the connection strength between the meshes and ensuring the tensile strength and the tensile strength of the gabion integral structure.

Preferably, in order to avoid the panel from bulging after being pressed, reinforcing ribs 216 need to be arranged on one side of each layer of gabions close to the outer side, 4 reinforcing ribs are uniformly arranged on each square meter of panel, for example, a wood rod 217 is used for penetrating into the mesh steel wire 214, and double twisting 215 can be formed by twisting several circles, and the specific arrangement is shown in fig. 7. When effectively guaranteeing that every panel receives lump stone and building pressure through the strengthening rib, have sufficient structural strength, be unlikely to the panel outwards to bulge, tear even, damaged, guarantee the wholeness and the mechanical properties satisfaction requirement of gabion retaining wall structure.

Furthermore, hard, difficult-to-weather, difficult-to-hydrolyze and difficult-to-break pebbles or rock blocks are selected on site, the grain size of the gabion filling stone is preferably 100-300mm, and the filling void ratio is more than 35%. The discarded building stones in mine has effectively been utilized on the one hand, and changing waste into valuables, on the other hand, through the packing particle diameter and the porosity index of control lump stone, can guarantee that the gabion keeps off the pack in the unit and packs the ramming, stable in structure, under long-term wind-blowing sunshine, cold and hot alternate environment, difficult emergence corruption, morals and manners, hydrolysis scheduling problem improve the life of gravity type gabion structure, guarantee the prosthetic effect in mine.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, as the water in the backfill soil and the nutrient soil can leak outwards through the gabion structure, but the water source for mine restoration is very scarce, the gravity gabion is provided with the non-woven geotextile 7 as a reverse filter layer on one side close to the backfill soil, so that the runoff overflow of the slope is avoided, the soil water is kept, and a sufficient water source is provided for the growth of vegetation or crops.

In order to accelerate the greening effect: soil layers are preferably covered on the step of the gabion face wall to sweep grass seeds, or vegetation suitable for planting by laying nutritional earthwork bags, such as drought-resistant economic crops like tea trees, wheat, corns, oats, sorghum, potatoes, sweet potatoes and the like, or greening is carried out in a mode of cutting (root systems extend to backfill soil layers) and the like, as shown in figure 2, not only is vegetation restoration of the mine realized, but also a large area of the mine can be restored into a terrace, drought-resistant crops are cultivated in the terrace through water and soil conservation measures, ecological restoration and comprehensive utilization of the mine are realized

Further, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the cross section of the water storage and drainage channel is trapezoidal, and includes side walls 31 and a channel bottom 33 arranged between the side walls 31, the side walls 31 and the channel bottom 33 are both provided with a plurality of ecological holes 32, and the ecological holes 32 are communicated with the water and soil conservation layer 6 and the nutrient soil covering layer to supply moisture nutrition for the vegetation. On one hand, the water storage and drainage channel collects water sources or rainwater infiltrated in mine and civil engineering during waterlogging and stores the water sources or rainwater in the channel, and continuously supplies water for the nutrient soil covering layer through the ecological holes during drought so as to enable vegetation roots to absorb water.

Furthermore, the plastering surface 34 at the bottom of the canal is made of cement mortar at the bottom of the canal, so that water can be collected and stored conveniently when waterlogging occurs, and direct leakage of water is avoided.

Preferably, hold the drainage canal and be equipped with running water access pipe, when retaining inadequately, can be for holding the drainage pond for watering through running water pipe, store and stop after full, then carry out moisture compensation to the vegetation, ensure that the vegetation has sufficient water source.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.