阅读说明：本技术 一种充填管道堵塞检测装置和检测方法 (Filling pipeline blockage detection device and detection method ) 是由 李桂臣 许嘉徽 孙长伦 毕瑞阳 何景涛 王喜 董玉玺 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种充填管道堵塞检测装置,包括超声波换能器、超声波发生器和多个超声波传感器,超声波换能器和超声波发生器电连接,超声波发生器安装在待测管道的一端,以超声波发生器的安装点为起点,沿待测管道长度方向的外壁上等间距布置超声波传感器；一种充填管道堵塞检测方法,包括如下步骤：安装检测装置、调试检测装置、校准超声波波速、粗定堵塞位置和标定堵塞位置,该装置和方法能够方便准确的确定管道堵塞部位,设备简单,易于操作,利于降低充填系统的运营成本。(A filling pipeline blockage detection device comprises an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic generator and a plurality of ultrasonic sensors, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator; a filling pipeline blockage detection method comprises the following steps: the device and the method can conveniently and accurately determine the blocked position of the pipeline, have simple equipment and easy operation, and are favorable for reducing the operation cost of a filling system.)

1. The utility model provides a fill pipeline and block up detection device, its characterized in that includes ultrasonic transducer, supersonic generator (1) and a plurality of ultrasonic sensor (2), and ultrasonic transducer and supersonic generator (1) electricity are connected, and supersonic generator (1) is installed in the one end of the pipeline (3) that awaits measuring to the mounting point of supersonic generator (1) is the starting point, and ultrasonic sensor (2) are arranged along the outer wall of the pipeline (3) length direction that awaits measuring equidistant.

2. A filling pipeline blockage detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) installing a detection device: installing an ultrasonic generator (1) at one end of a pipeline (3) to be measured, and installing an ultrasonic sensor (2) at intervals of distance D on the outer wall of the pipeline (3) to be measured in the length direction by taking the installation point of the ultrasonic generator (1) as a starting point until the ultrasonic sensors (2) are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the pipeline (3) to be measured;

(2) debugging the detection device: starting the ultrasonic generator (1), transmitting once for a short time, checking whether each ultrasonic sensor (2) can normally capture ultrasonic signals, and debugging the ultrasonic sensors if the ultrasonic sensors (2) have faults until the ultrasonic signals can be normally captured; and under the condition that each ultrasonic sensor (2) can normally capture ultrasonic signals, enabling the ultrasonic generator (1) to emit for a short time again, and entering a formal test program: the transmitted wave is received and recorded by each ultrasonic sensor (2) in the primary unidirectional transmission process, and each ultrasonic sensor (2) generates a first fixed-point time t which is recorded as t₁，t₂，t₃，...，t_n-1，t_n(ii) a When the ultrasonic sensor (2) receives the reflected wave, a second fixed-point time T is generated and recorded as T respectively_n，T_n-1，T_n-2，...，T₁；

(3) Calculating the ultrasonic propagation velocity V under the field working environment_tThe calculation formula is as follows:

wherein D represents the distance between any adjacent ultrasonic sensors (2), and n and x represent two arbitrarily selected ultrasonic sensorsA number of ultrasonic sensors (2), wherein x is 1, 2. t is t_nAnd t_xRespectively representing the time recorded by the n-number ultrasonic sensor and the x-number ultrasonic sensor (2);

(4) rough positioning of plugging position (4): and calculating the distance S between the blocking position (4) and the ultrasonic sensor (2), wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V_tThe ultrasonic wave velocity t obtained by calculation in the step (3)_iAnd T_iRespectively representing the time recorded by a single ultrasonic sensor (2) for capturing the transmitted wave and the reflected wave, wherein i is 1, 2.

(5) Calibration of the plugging location (4): and (4) taking the roughly determined blocking position (4) in the step (4) as a center, adjusting the distance D between the adjacent ultrasonic sensors (2), repeating the steps (2) to (4), carrying out secondary checking calculation on the blocking position (4), and carrying out accurate calibration on the blocking position.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pipeline detection device and a detection method, in particular to a filling pipeline blockage detection device and a detection method, and belongs to the technical field of filling pipeline blockage detection.

Background

Compared with the traditional mining mode, the filling mining mode has the advantages of reducing waste rock discharge, avoiding surface deformation and subsidence caused by the traditional mining mode, avoiding underground water loss and realizing low-lean-loss mining, and is an environment-friendly and long-range resource-saving coal mining mode.

However, during the operation of the filling system, the most prominent defect is that the filling efficiency cannot keep up with the resource exploitation efficiency, so that the filling exploitation efficiency is low. The reason for the low filling efficiency is that besides the filling material itself, such as paste and colloid filling materials, needs a certain time for hardening after filling, the blockage of the filling pipeline is another important factor for reducing the filling efficiency, and the blockage of the filling pipeline not only causes construction interruption and wastes time and labor for finding and dredging a blockage point, but also limits the conveying speed of the filling material to a certain extent.

The conventional methods for searching the blocked part comprise a sectional pipe dismantling method and a pressure monitoring method, and for a long-distance filling material transportation pipeline, the methods are very difficult to implement, and the operation cost is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a filling pipeline blockage detection device and a detection method, which can conveniently and accurately determine the pipeline blockage position, have simple equipment and easy operation and are beneficial to reducing the operation cost of a filling system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a filling pipeline blockage detection device which comprises an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic generator and a plurality of ultrasonic sensors, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator is arranged at one end of a pipeline to be detected, the installation point of the ultrasonic generator is taken as a starting point, and the ultrasonic sensors are arranged at equal intervals along the outer wall of the pipeline to be detected in the length direction.

A filling pipeline blockage detection method comprises the following steps:

(1) installing a detection device: installing an ultrasonic generator at one end of a pipeline to be measured, and installing an ultrasonic sensor at intervals of D on the outer wall of the pipeline to be measured in the length direction by taking the installation point of the ultrasonic generator as a starting point until the ultrasonic sensors are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the pipeline to be measured;

(2) debugging the detection device: starting an ultrasonic generator, transmitting once for a short time, checking that each ultrasonic sensor can normally capture ultrasonic signals, and debugging the ultrasonic sensors if the ultrasonic sensors have faults until the ultrasonic signals can be normally captured; and under the condition that each ultrasonic sensor can normally capture ultrasonic signals, enabling the ultrasonic generator to emit temporarily again, and entering a formal test program: the transmitted wave is received and recorded by each ultrasonic sensor in the primary unidirectional transmission process, and each ultrasonic sensor generates a primary fixed-point time t which is recorded as t₁，t₂，t₃，...，t_n-1，t_n(ii) a When the ultrasonic sensor receives the reflected wave, a second fixed-point time T is generated and recorded as T respectively_n，T_n-1，T_n-2，...，T₁；

(3) Calculating the ultrasonic propagation velocity V under the field working environment_tThe calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, D represents the distance between any two adjacent ultrasonic sensors, and n and x represent the numbers of two arbitrarily selected ultrasonic sensors, wherein x is 1, 2. t is t_nAnd t_xRespectively representing the time recorded by the n-number ultrasonic sensor and the x-number ultrasonic sensor;

(4) roughly positioning the blocking position: calculating the distance S between the blockage position and the ultrasonic sensor, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, V_tThe ultrasonic wave velocity t obtained by calculation in the step (3)_iAnd T_iAre respectively provided withRepresents the time recorded by a single ultrasonic sensor to capture the transmitted and reflected waves, where i is 1, 2.

(5) And (3) calibrating a blocking position: and (4) taking the roughly determined blocking position in the step (4) as a center, adjusting the distance D between the adjacent ultrasonic sensors, repeating the steps (2) to (4), performing secondary checking calculation on the blocking position, and accurately calibrating the blocking position.

The invention uses the sound wave positioning principle to install an ultrasonic generator at one end of a pipeline to be measured, then uses the installation point of the ultrasonic generator as a starting point, arranges a plurality of ultrasonic sensors at equal intervals along the outer wall of the length direction of the pipeline to be measured, the ultrasonic sensors receive the transmitting wave, if the transmitting wave meets the blockage in the process of propagation, the blocked part is used as the generating point of the transmitting wave, the reflected wave is fed back to the opposite direction, the reflected wave is secondarily recorded by the ultrasonic sensors passing by the reflected wave, the blocked position can be roughly determined according to the relation between the difference value between the fixed point time secondarily recorded by the same sensor and the fixed point time of firstly receiving the reflected wave and the calibrated ultrasonic wave speed, then the roughly determined blocked position is used as the center, and the precise calibration of the blocked position is carried out by adjusting the equidistant distribution distance between the adjacent ultrasonic sensors, therefore, the blocking position can be accurately and quickly determined, the detection method is operated outside the pipeline without any improvement on the pipeline, a lossless, simple and low-cost method is provided for searching the blocking point, the filling mining efficiency is greatly improved, and the system operation cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the detecting device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the interior of the ultrasonic transmission pipe of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the interior of the pipe where reflected waves are generated;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first stage process for screening for the presence of multiple blockages in a pipe to determine the status of the blockage;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second stage process for screening for multiple blockages in a pipe to determine a blockage condition;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a third stage process for screening for the presence of multiple blockages in a pipe to determine the status of the blockage;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fourth stage process for screening for multiple blockages in a pipe to determine a blockage;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a fifth stage process for screening for multiple blockages present in a pipe to determine a blockage;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a final stage process for screening for multiple blockages present in a pipe to determine a blockage;

fig. 10 is a correlation diagram between acoustic time, sound velocity, and accumulated time.

In the figure, 1, an ultrasonic generator, 2, an ultrasonic sensor, 3, a pipeline to be detected, 4 and a blockage position.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

As shown in figure 1, the filling pipeline blockage detection device comprises an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic generator 1 and a plurality of ultrasonic sensors 2, wherein the ultrasonic transducer is electrically connected with the ultrasonic generator 1, the ultrasonic generator 1 is installed at one end of a pipeline to be detected 3, the installation point of the ultrasonic generator 1 is taken as a starting point, and the ultrasonic sensors 2 are arranged at equal intervals along the outer wall of the pipeline to be detected 3 in the length direction.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a method for detecting clogging of a filling pipe includes the steps of:

(1) installing a detection device: installing an ultrasonic generator 1 at one end of a pipeline 3 to be measured, and installing an ultrasonic sensor 2 at intervals D on the outer wall of the pipeline 3 to be measured in the length direction by taking the installation point of the ultrasonic generator 1 as a starting point until the ultrasonic sensors 2 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the pipeline 3 to be measured;

(2) debugging the detection device: starting the ultrasonic generator 1, transmitting once for a short time, checking whether each ultrasonic sensor 2 can normally capture ultrasonic signals, and debugging the ultrasonic sensors if the ultrasonic sensors have faults until the ultrasonic signals can be normally captured; at each ultrasonic wave transmissionUnder the condition that the sensor 2 can normally capture ultrasonic signals, the ultrasonic generator 1 is enabled to emit temporarily again, and a formal test program is entered: the transmitted wave is received and recorded by each ultrasonic sensor 2 in the primary unidirectional transmission process, and each ultrasonic sensor 2 generates a first fixed-point time t which is recorded as t₁，t₂，t₃，...，t_n-1，t_n(ii) a When the ultrasonic sensor 2 receives the reflected wave, a second fixed-point time T is generated and recorded as T respectively_n，T_n-1，T_n-2，...，T₁；

(3) Calculating the ultrasonic propagation velocity V under the field working environment_tThe calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, D represents a distance between any adjacent ultrasonic sensors 2, and n and x represent numbers of two arbitrarily selected ultrasonic sensors 2, where x is 1, 2. t is t_nAnd t_xRespectively representing the time recorded by the ultrasonic sensor 2 with the number n and the number x;

(4) roughly positioning the blocking position: the distance S between the blockage position 4 and the ultrasonic sensor 2 is calculated by the following formula:

in the formula, V_tThe ultrasonic wave velocity t obtained by calculation in the step (3)_iAnd T_iRepresents the time of capturing the transmitted wave and the reflected wave, respectively, recorded by a single ultrasonic sensor 2, where i is 1, 2.

(5) And (3) calibrating a blocking position: and (4) taking the roughly determined blocking position in the step (4) as a center, adjusting the distance D between the adjacent ultrasonic sensors, repeating the steps (2) to (4), performing secondary checking calculation on the blocking position, and accurately calibrating the blocking position.

And (4) roughly determining a first blockage part, and roughly determining a second blockage position according to a method for roughly determining the first blockage position if a secondary reflected wave is captured.

In some cases, part of the ultrasonic sensors 2 may record multiple fixed-point times, but the fact that multiple reflected waves are recorded does not mean that multiple blockage exists in the pipeline, and the fixed-point times need to be screened to determine the blockage situation, and the screening principle is as follows:

for convenience of description, a plurality of ultrasonic sensors 2 which are arranged at equal intervals are numbered as a sensor No. 1, a sensor No. 2, a sensor No. n-1 and a sensor No. n in sequence from the near to the ultrasonic generator 1; the blockage position 4 is numbered as a blockage position A and a blockage position B from near to far from the ultrasonic generator 1.

As shown in fig. 4, when the transmitted wave passes through the ultrasonic sensor No. 1 and the ultrasonic sensor No. 2 and encounters the blockage position a, the ultrasonic sensor No. 1 and the ultrasonic sensor No. 2 capture the transmitted wave signal and record the fixed point time t₁And t₂；

As shown in fig. 5, while the transmitted wave continues to propagate through the blockage site a, the first reflected wave generated at the blockage site a starts to propagate in the reverse direction, and passes through the No. 2 ultrasonic sensor and the No. 1 ultrasonic sensor in sequence, and the No. 2 ultrasonic sensor and the No. 1 ultrasonic sensor capture the reflected wave signal and record the fixed point time T₂And T₁；

As shown in fig. 6, the transmitted wave continues to propagate to the next blockage position B, and the ultrasonic sensor No. 3 to the ultrasonic sensor No. n-2 capture the transmitted wave signal and record the fixed point time t₃And t_n-2；

As shown in fig. 7, while the transmitted wave continues to propagate through the blockage site B, the second reflected wave generated at the blockage site B starts to propagate in the reverse direction, and passes through the n-2 ultrasonic sensor and the 3 ultrasonic sensor in sequence, and the n-2 ultrasonic sensor and the 3 ultrasonic sensor capture the reflected wave signal and record the fixed point time T_n-2And T₃；

As shown in fig. 8, the second reflected wave encounters the other end face of the blockage site a and produces a third reflected wave that propagates in the opposite direction to the second reflected wave;

as shown in fig. 9, the third reflected wave passes through the No. 3 ultrasonic sensor and is recorded the fixed point time, and then encounters the blockage position B, the third reflected wave is reflected again, and then the blockage position a and the blockage position B are continuously reflected, the reflected wave is continuously derived, and part of the ultrasonic sensors record signal information for multiple times in the positive sequence and the reverse sequence.

From the above analysis, it can be known that, when there are two or more jam positions, only the first captured transmission wave signal and the first and second reflection wave signals can truly reflect the jam positions, and then the generated reflection wave signals are all re-derived and cannot be used for determining the jam positions, so that when the roughly determined jam positions are more than two, it is more accurate to dredge the former two jam positions and then calculate and determine other jam positions.

Experimental example: respectively manufacturing experiment pipelines with the length of 0.5m and the length of 1m, filling cement mortar in the pipeline with the length of 0.5m to seal two ends, installing and debugging a detection device on the pipeline in place to perform an experiment, recording experiment data to obtain a table I, and drawing a line graph 10 according to the table I:

meter-0.5 m closed tube filling cement mortar sample multi-day intermittent detection

As can be seen from the table I and the graph 10, under the condition that the measuring point is fixed, the accumulation of the sound measured by the detection device along with the time is continuously reduced, the propagation speed of the corresponding ultrasonic wave in the sound is continuously improved, and the amplitude is obviously increased to a stable change process, so that the property of the medium is obviously changed only from the change of the propagation speed of the sound wave and the amplitude of the sound wave after the cement mortar is solidified.

The method comprises the following steps of presetting solidified cement mortar hard blocks in an experimental pipeline with the length of 1m, pouring cement mortar in the pipeline to block two ends, fixing an ultrasonic generator and an ultrasonic sensor at two sides of the pipeline of a pure wet section (flowing mortar section), obtaining three parameter values of T, amplitude A and sound velocity V in real time, removing two maximum values which are the most different from actual distance measurement in a group of data, remaining average values of sound taking time and sound velocity, and recording data to obtain a second table and a third table respectively:

radial comparison detection of dry and wet sections of preset set block filled cement mortar samples in closed pipes with meter II 1m

Dry and wet section distance comparison detection of preset setting block filling cement mortar sample in surface three 1m closed tube

As can be seen from the table II, under the same conditions, the ultrasonic wave penetrates through the dry and wet cement mortar, and the amplitude of the pure dry section (the preset hard block section) is higher than that of the pure wet section, which indicates that the absorption capacity of the solidified cement mortar to the ultrasonic energy is not as good as that of the unset state; the amplitude data obtained by clamping the pre-set solidified hard block group in table three is obviously lower than that of a pure wet section, which means that a considerable part of energy is dissipated in a reflected or scattered mode, namely, a backward wave signal capable of being captured exists.

And (4) experimental conclusion: after the cement mortar is solidified, the properties of the cement mortar are obviously changed only by being used as a sound wave transmission medium. Cement mortar is used as an ultrasonic wave transmission medium, and when the internal properties are not uniform, a capturable reverse wave is generated during ultrasonic wave transmission.