阅读说明：本技术 一种红树莓的施肥工艺 (Fertilizer application process for red raspberries ) 是由 盛月勤 韩晓晨 于 2018-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种红树莓的施肥工艺,具体操作步骤为：步骤一：挖沟,在每行红树莓两侧进行挖纵沟,且在每株距之间进行挖横沟,株距间挖的横沟宽度为纵沟宽度的二分之一,且在横沟和纵沟内均设置隔断,隔断之间为施肥预留槽,在预留槽两侧挖取多个斜槽,斜槽向下倾斜设置。本发明通过两个横管和支架的设置,不仅方便红树莓枝干的固定,而且方便统一给红树莓叶子、果实以及根部浇水、施肥以及喷洒农药,通过挖纵沟和横沟,能够将每株红树莓周围能够均匀上肥料,不会施肥过量,导致烧苗等问题,使用方便,能够实现红树莓的大批量种植,并且减少人工管理培育的工作量,提高红树莓产量。(The invention discloses a fertilizing process for red raspberries, which comprises the following specific operation steps: the method comprises the following steps: ditching, dig the longitudinal furrow in every row of red raspberry both sides, and dig the cross furrow between every plant spacing, the cross furrow width of digging between the plant spacing is the half of longitudinal furrow width, and all set up the wall in cross furrow and longitudinal furrow, for fertilizing the reservation groove between the wall, dig a plurality of chutes in the reservation groove both sides, the chute downward sloping sets up. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the two transverse pipes and the support, not only are the fixation of branches of the raspberries convenient, but also the watering, the fertilization and the pesticide spraying for leaves, fruits and roots of the raspberries convenient and unified, through digging the longitudinal ditches and the transverse ditches, fertilizers can be uniformly applied around each raspberry, the problems of seedling burning and the like caused by excessive fertilization can be avoided, the use is convenient, the mass planting of the raspberries can be realized, the workload of manual management and cultivation is reduced, and the yield of the raspberries is improved.)

1. A fertilizing process for red raspberries is characterized in that: the specific operation steps are as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: ditching, namely ditching longitudinal ditches at two sides of each row of red raspberries, and ditching transverse ditches between each plant spacing, wherein the width of the transverse ditches dug between the plant spacings is one half of that of the longitudinal ditches, partitions are arranged in the transverse ditches and the longitudinal ditches, fertilizer application reserved grooves are formed between the partitions, a plurality of inclined grooves are dug at two sides of each reserved groove, and the inclined grooves are arranged in a downward inclined mode;

step two: laying a pipeline, namely firstly preparing two long pipes which are transversely arranged, then fixing the two long pipes which are transversely arranged in the field through a plurality of supports which are vertically arranged, arranging the two transverse pipes up and down, uniformly arranging two rows of symmetrically-arranged spray heads at the top of the transverse pipe above the transverse pipe, arranging the spray heads in an inclined upward manner, uniformly arranging two rows of symmetrically-arranged spray heads at the bottom of the transverse pipe below the transverse pipe, and arranging the spray heads in an inclined downward manner;

step three: preparing a transplanting nutrient solution, uniformly mixing a liquid EM (effective microorganism) organic fertilizer, an EM nutrient solution, a rooting agent diluted by 500 times and a trace element water-soluble fertilizer according to a certain proportion to prepare the transplanting nutrient solution, and then putting the strong red raspberry seedling roots to be transplanted into the transplanting nutrient solution to dip the roots;

step four: preparing a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing farmyard manure, a soybean meal organic fertilizer, a humic acid fertilizer, a trace element water-soluble fertilizer, an EM (effective microorganism) nutrient solution and a rooting agent according to a certain proportion, scattering the mixture in soil, and ploughing;

step five: transplanting, namely, carrying out autumn planting on strong red raspberry seedlings dipped with roots in the third step, after planting, stretching the roots, filling soil and compacting, watering thoroughly, and burying stems with soil after complete penetration to prevent excessive water consumption of the seedlings so as to ensure survival;

step six: after transplanting, before the raspberry enters the winter, fertilizing is carried out once at an interval of half a month, when fertilizing is carried out, base fertilizers prepared in the fourth step can be cut up and stirred through a stirring tank, then the base fertilizers are poured into the longitudinal ditches, base fertilizer liquid flows along the longitudinal ditches, when meeting the joints of the longitudinal ditches and the transverse ditches, the base fertilizer liquid flows into the transverse ditches until all the longitudinal ditches and the transverse ditches are filled with the fertilizers, and after the fertilizers flow, the fertilizers are left in the reserved grooves due to the arrangement of partitions, so that the flowing fertilizers can be uniformly distributed around the roots of the raspberry, and the fertilizers gradually penetrate into soil to provide nutrition for the raspberry;

step seven: when the height of the plant is 10cm in spring, preparing a mixed liquid of water and urea, conveying the mixed liquid through a transverse pipe above the mixed liquid, spraying the mixed liquid from a spray head, supplementing a nitrogen fertilizer to the leaf surface of the red raspberry, spraying the mixed liquid once after half a month, effectively promoting the growth and flower bud differentiation of the plant, adding vinasse residues and sugar into the base fertilizer prepared in the fourth step, uniformly mixing, crushing, conveying the crushed mixture into a longitudinal ditch and a transverse ditch, fertilizing the red raspberry and promoting the activity of EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria on one hand, attracting the leafroller moths, the hepiales and the raspberry piercing moths on the other hand, conveying 2.5 percent of deltamethrin 2000-3000 times liquid through the transverse pipe, and killing the leafroller moths, the hepiales and the raspberry piercing moths;

step eight: preparing mixed liquid of water and 800 times of 1.5 percent monopotassium phosphate 500-plus-one liquid, spraying the mixed liquid once respectively 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the initial blossom, respectively conveying the mixed liquid through two transverse pipes, and spraying the mixed liquid from a spray head so as to ensure the normal growth of fruits and overcome the problem of insufficient nutrition caused by the reduction of the aging absorption capacity of the root system in the later growth period of the raspberry, and respectively watering the mixed liquid through the two transverse pipes in the germination period, the pre-blossom period and the fruit expansion period in the drought period so as to ensure the fruit enlargement and the quality improvement.

2. The fertilizing process for the red raspberries as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the second step, the distance between adjacent brackets is 50-60cm, the distance between the top transverse tube and the ground is 1-1.2m, and the distance between the bottom transverse tube and the ground is 40-60 cm.

3. The fertilizing process for the red raspberries as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the row spacing of the red raspberries is set to be 50-60cm, and the row spacing is set to be 1.5-2 m.

4. The fertilizing process for the red raspberries as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the proportion of the liquid EM bacterium organic fertilizer, the EM bacterium nutrient solution, the rooting agent diluted by 500 times and the trace element water-soluble fertilizer is 4-5: 0.5-1: 2-3: 2-2.5.

5. The fertilizing process for the red raspberries as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the fourth step, the ratio of farmyard manure, soybean meal organic fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, trace element water-soluble fertilizer, EM (effective microorganism) nutrient solution and rooting agent is 3-4: 1-2: 0.5-1: 1-1.5: 1-1.5: 0.5-1.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of red raspberries, in particular to a fertilizer application process of red raspberries.

Background

The existing fertilization technology needs a large amount of labor force to implement, so that the cost is increased, the fertilizer application amount is caused to be wrong by manual fertilization, the nutrition absorbed by the raspberries is unbalanced, so that the yield of the raspberries is reduced, and the raspberries are not suitable for batch production and management of the raspberries.

Therefore, it is necessary to invent a fertilizing process for red raspberries to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fertilizing process for red raspberries, which is convenient for fixing branches of the red raspberries and uniformly watering, fertilizing and spraying pesticides on leaves, fruits and roots of the red raspberries through the arrangement of two transverse pipes and a support, can uniformly fertilize the periphery of each red raspberries by digging a longitudinal ditch and a transverse ditch, has the width of the transverse ditch smaller than that of the longitudinal ditch, and solves the problems of excessive fertilization, seedling burning and the like due to the fact that the fertilizer is uniformly applied to the periphery of the red raspberries by matching the characteristic that the row spacing of the red raspberries is larger than the plant spacing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fertilizer application process for red raspberries comprises the following specific operation steps:

the method comprises the following steps: ditching, namely ditching longitudinal ditches at two sides of each row of red raspberries, and ditching transverse ditches between each plant spacing, wherein the width of the transverse ditches dug between the plant spacings is one half of that of the longitudinal ditches, partitions are arranged in the transverse ditches and the longitudinal ditches, fertilizer application reserved grooves are formed between the partitions, a plurality of inclined grooves are dug at two sides of each reserved groove, and the inclined grooves are arranged in a downward inclined mode;

step two: laying a pipeline, namely firstly preparing two long pipes which are transversely arranged, then fixing the two long pipes which are transversely arranged in the field through a plurality of supports which are vertically arranged, arranging the two transverse pipes up and down, uniformly arranging two rows of symmetrically-arranged spray heads at the top of the transverse pipe above the transverse pipe, arranging the spray heads in an inclined upward manner, uniformly arranging two rows of symmetrically-arranged spray heads at the bottom of the transverse pipe below the transverse pipe, and arranging the spray heads in an inclined downward manner;

step three: preparing a transplanting nutrient solution, uniformly mixing a liquid EM (effective microorganism) organic fertilizer, an EM nutrient solution, a rooting agent diluted by 500 times and a trace element water-soluble fertilizer according to a certain proportion to prepare the transplanting nutrient solution, and then putting the strong red raspberry seedling roots to be transplanted into the transplanting nutrient solution to dip the roots;

step four: preparing a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing farmyard manure, a soybean meal organic fertilizer, a humic acid fertilizer, a trace element water-soluble fertilizer, an EM (effective microorganism) nutrient solution and a rooting agent according to a certain proportion, scattering the mixture in soil, and ploughing;

step five: transplanting, namely, carrying out autumn planting on strong red raspberry seedlings dipped with roots in the third step, after planting, stretching the roots, filling soil and compacting, watering thoroughly, and burying stems with soil after complete penetration to prevent excessive water consumption of the seedlings so as to ensure survival;

step six: after transplanting, before the raspberry enters the winter, fertilizing is carried out once at an interval of half a month, when fertilizing is carried out, base fertilizers prepared in the fourth step can be cut up and stirred through a stirring tank, then the base fertilizers are poured into the longitudinal ditches, base fertilizer liquid flows along the longitudinal ditches, when meeting the joints of the longitudinal ditches and the transverse ditches, the base fertilizer liquid flows into the transverse ditches until all the longitudinal ditches and the transverse ditches are filled with the fertilizers, and after the fertilizers flow, the fertilizers are left in the reserved grooves due to the arrangement of partitions, so that the flowing fertilizers can be uniformly distributed around the roots of the raspberry, and the fertilizers gradually penetrate into soil to provide nutrition for the raspberry;

step seven: when the height of the plant is 10cm in spring, preparing a mixed liquid of water and urea, conveying the mixed liquid through a transverse pipe above the mixed liquid, spraying the mixed liquid from a spray head, supplementing a nitrogen fertilizer to the leaf surface of the red raspberry, spraying the mixed liquid once after half a month, effectively promoting the growth and flower bud differentiation of the plant, adding vinasse residues and sugar into the base fertilizer prepared in the fourth step, uniformly mixing, crushing, conveying the crushed mixture into a longitudinal ditch and a transverse ditch, fertilizing the red raspberry and promoting the activity of EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria on one hand, attracting the leafroller moths, the hepiales and the raspberry piercing moths on the other hand, conveying 2.5 percent of deltamethrin 2000-3000 times liquid through the transverse pipe, and killing the leafroller moths, the hepiales and the raspberry piercing moths;

step eight: the mixed liquid of water and 1.5% monopotassium phosphate is prepared, the mixed liquid is sprayed once respectively in 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the initial blossom, the mixed liquid is conveyed through two transverse pipes respectively and sprayed out from a spray head so as to ensure the normal growth of fruits and overcome the problem of insufficient nutrition caused by the decline of the aging absorption capacity of the root system in the later growth period of the red raspberry, and the mixed liquid is watered through the two transverse pipes respectively in the germination period, the pre-blossom period and the fruit expansion period in drought years so as to ensure the increase of the fruits and the improvement of the quality.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent brackets in the second step is 50-60cm, the distance between the top transverse tube and the ground is 1-1.2m, and the distance between the bottom transverse tube and the ground is 40-60 cm.

Preferably, the row spacing of the red raspberries in the fifth step is set to be 50-60cm, and the row spacing is set to be 1.5-2 m.

Preferably, the ratio of the liquid EM bacterium organic fertilizer, the EM bacterium nutrient solution, the rooting agent diluted by 500 times and the trace element water-soluble fertilizer in the third step is 4-5: 0.5-1: 2-3: 2-2.5.

Preferably, in the fourth step, the ratio of the farmyard manure, the soybean meal organic fertilizer, the humic acid fertilizer, the trace element water-soluble fertilizer, the EM bacterial nutrient solution and the rooting agent is 3-4: 2-3: 0.5-1: 1-1.5: 1-1.5: 0.5-1.

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:

1. through the arrangement of the two transverse pipes and the support, not only is the fixation of branches of the raspberries convenient, but also the unified watering and fertilizing of the raspberries are convenient, and the upward spray heads and the downward spray heads on the two transverse pipes can conveniently water, fertilize and spray pesticides to leaves, fruits and roots of the raspberries, so that the use is convenient, the large-batch planting of the raspberries can be realized, and the workload of manual management and cultivation is reduced;

2. by digging the longitudinal ditches and the transverse ditches, fertilizer can be uniformly applied to the periphery of each raspberry, the width of each transverse ditch is smaller than that of each longitudinal ditch, and the characteristics that the row spacing of the raspberries is larger than the plant spacing are matched, so that the peripheral fertilization of the raspberries is uniform, the problems of seedling burning and the like caused by excessive fertilization are avoided, the fertilization is convenient, the unified feeding can be realized, the manual independent fertilization of each raspberry is not needed, the workload is reduced, and the method is suitable for the large-batch planting of the raspberries;

3. the strong seedlings are prevented from dying in the transplanting process by dipping nutrient solution prepared from liquid EM (effective microorganisms) organic fertilizer, EM nutrient solution, rooting agent diluted by 500 times and trace element water-soluble fertilizer in the transplanting process of the strong seedlings, so that the transplanting survival rate of the strong seedlings can be greatly increased, and nutrition is provided for the rooting growth of the strong seedlings in the later period;

4. in spring, vinasse residues and sugar are added into the prepared base fertilizer and are uniformly mixed, the mixture is stirred and crushed and then conveyed into longitudinal ditches and transverse ditches, on one hand, the fertilizer is applied to the red raspberries to promote the activity of EM bacteria, so that the red raspberries grow fast, the yield of the red raspberries is greatly increased, on the other hand, the fertilizer can attract the leaf rollers, the swift moths and the punch moths of the raspberries, and then 2.5% of deltamethrin 2000-3000 times liquid is conveyed through a transverse pipe to kill the leaf rollers, the swift moths and the punch moths of the raspberries, thereby playing roles in killing pests and preventing and controlling.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.