阅读说明：本技术 一种城镇污水处理厂尾水抗菌剂的制备方法及应用 (Preparation method and application of tail water antibacterial agent for urban sewage treatment plant ) 是由 王大荣 李忠全 李德营 俞程刚 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了提供一种城镇污水处理厂尾水抗菌剂的制备方法及应用。本发明采用高温煅烧法制备贝壳粉,并按照一定比例混合贝壳粉、胖大海细粉及发酵物粉末,制备得到的抗菌颗粒具有高效的抗菌性能,且成本低,纯天然,环保易得。本发明中制备的抗菌颗粒可应用于污水处理厂尾水的治理中,该抗菌颗粒能够抑制大肠菌群及其他有害菌群的生长,起到消毒作用。(The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a tail water antibacterial agent for a municipal sewage treatment plant. According to the invention, the shell powder is prepared by adopting a high-temperature calcination method, and the shell powder, the boat-fruited sterculia seed fine powder and the leavening powder are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the prepared antibacterial particles have high-efficiency antibacterial performance, and are low in cost, purely natural, environment-friendly and easily available. The antibacterial particles prepared by the method can be applied to treatment of tail water of a sewage treatment plant, and can inhibit the growth of coliform and other harmful flora to play a role in disinfection.)

1. A preparation method of a tail water antibacterial agent for a town sewage treatment plant is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s01, washing the shell with water, soaking the shell in a strong alkali solution for 1-2 hours, washing the soaked shell with water again, drying the shell in a drying device, then placing the shell in a muffle furnace for calcining at 800 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, taking out the shell, immediately spraying pure water which is 0.1-0.2 time of the total weight of the shell when the shell is hot, placing the shell in the muffle furnace for calcining at 900 ℃ and 1200 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, taking out the shell for cooling, crushing the shell by a crusher, and sieving the crushed shell by a sieve of 80-120 meshes to obtain shell powder for later use;

s02, fully mixing the pre-treated plant raw materials, edible sugar and pure water according to the weight ratio of (3-5) to (1-2) to 10, putting the mixture into a fermentation device, controlling the indoor temperature at 10-35 ℃, standing for at least 90 days for fermentation to obtain a fermented product, drying and crushing the fermented product to obtain fermented powder;

exhausting and stirring the plant raw materials of the fermentation device at regular time every day within 7-30 days of fermentation;

the plant raw materials comprise a mixture of fresh dandelion, fresh houttuynia cordata and fresh purslane in any proportion;

the edible sugar is a mixture of raw sugar, white granulated sugar, soft white sugar, crystal sugar, cubic sugar, fine granulated sugar, brown sugar, borneose, yellow granulated sugar and frosted sugar in any proportion;

s03 soaking the soaked or extracted waste residue of semen Scaphii Lychnophori in pure water at 60-80 deg.C until semen Scaphii Lychnophori is in swelling state, removing outer skin and core, separating middle layer seed coat to obtain semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix, adding semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix into pure water, performing ultrasonic treatment at 40-60 deg.C for 30-60min, taking out semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix, drying at 60-80 deg.C in drying oven, pulverizing after 8-12 hr, and sieving to obtain semen Scaphii Lychnophori powder;

s04, weighing 10-15 parts of shell powder, 10-15 parts of sterculia scaphigera powder and 2-3 parts of fermentation powder, uniformly mixing, adding 0.1-0.2 part of magnesium stearate, extruding, and performing dry granulation to obtain the antibacterial granules.

2. The method for preparing the antibacterial agent for the tail water of the town sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the shell comprises: clam shell, scallop shell, oyster shell, razor clam shell, clam shell and river snail shell in any proportion.

3. The method for preparing the antibacterial agent for the tail water of the urban sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the strong alkaline solution is 10-12, and the strong alkaline solution is any one of a sodium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution and a calcium hydroxide solution.

4. The method for preparing the tail water antibacterial agent of the urban sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method comprises the steps of cleaning the plant raw materials with clean water, draining, and cutting into powder with the diameter of less than 1 mm.

5. The method for preparing the antibacterial agent for the tail water of the town sewage treatment plant according to claim 1, wherein the sterculia lychnophora powder is powder passing through a 40-60 mesh screen.

6. Use of the antibacterial agent prepared by any one of the methods of claims 1 to 5, wherein the antibacterial agent is used for disinfection of tail water from municipal sewage treatment plants.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a preparation method and application of a tail water antibacterial agent for a municipal sewage treatment plant.

Background

Pathogenic microorganisms in wastewater are mainly evaluated by using the number of (fecal) coliform groups as a mark. The coliform group generally refers to enterobacteriaceae bacteria related to fecal pollution, including escherichia coli, salmonella, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella aerogenes and the like, most of which are pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria, if the content of the pathogenic bacteria or conditional pathogenic bacteria in the domestic water is high, the bacteria can cause harm such as wound infection, food poisoning and the like, and can cause serious complications for special people such as weak people, immunodeficiency people and the like.

Therefore, in urban sewage treatment and discharge, in order to prevent pathogenic microorganisms from bringing harm to human and animal health and ecological environment, effluent is usually disinfected to reduce the quantity of the pathogenic microorganisms in the wastewater.

At present, urban sewage treatment plants mostly adopt disinfection methods such as ultraviolet rays, liquid chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide-sodium hypochlorite and photocatalysis, but when the disinfection methods are adopted, the microecological balance is also destroyed synchronously (such as chemical methods of liquid chlorine, chlorine dioxide-sodium hypochlorite and the like), and the construction and operation costs of the sewage treatment plants (such as ultraviolet rays and an ozone method) are increased. Therefore, the method for disinfecting the effluent of the urban sewage treatment plant needs to be further discussed, and from the microecology perspective, the best method is to adopt measures which can promote beneficial flora and inhibit coliform flora and other harmful flora, and also have obvious promotion effect on the self-purification recovery of natural water.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method and application of a tail water antibacterial agent for a municipal sewage treatment plant. According to the invention, the shell powder is prepared by adopting a high-temperature calcination method, and the shell powder, the boat-fruited sterculia seed fine powder and the leavening powder are mixed according to a certain proportion, so that the prepared antibacterial particles have high-efficiency antibacterial performance, and are low in cost, purely natural, environment-friendly and easily available. The antibacterial particles prepared by the method can be applied to treatment of tail water of a sewage treatment plant.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of a tail water antibacterial agent for a town sewage treatment plant comprises the following steps:

s01, washing the shell with water, soaking the shell in a strong alkali solution for 1-2 hours, washing the soaked shell with water again, drying the shell in a drying device, then placing the shell in a muffle furnace for calcining at 800 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, taking out the shell, immediately spraying pure water which is 0.1-0.2 time of the total weight of the shell when the shell is hot, placing the shell in the muffle furnace for calcining at 900 ℃ and 1200 ℃ for 0.5-1 hour, taking out the shell for cooling, crushing the shell by a crusher, and sieving the crushed shell by a sieve of 80-120 meshes to obtain shell powder for later use;

the shell comprises CaCO as main ingredient₃And the calcium carbonate in the shells is converted into CaO with antibacterial activity through calcination treatment. The calcined shell as a novel antiseptic additive has been accepted by the world and achieves certain results, and the calcined shell not only can prolong the shelf life of food, but also is an effective method for reducing pollution and recycling resources.

S02, fully mixing the pre-treated plant raw materials, edible sugar and pure water according to the weight ratio of (3-5) to (1-2) to 10, putting the mixture into a fermentation device, controlling the indoor temperature at 10-35 ℃, standing for at least 90 days for fermentation to obtain a fermented product, drying and crushing the fermented product to obtain fermented powder;

exhausting and stirring the plant raw materials in the fermentation device at regular time every day within 7-30 days of fermentation;

the plant raw materials comprise a mixture of fresh dandelion, fresh houttuynia cordata and fresh purslane in any proportion;

the edible sugar is a mixture of raw sugar, white granulated sugar, soft white sugar, crystal sugar, cubic sugar, fine granulated sugar, brown sugar, borneose, yellow granulated sugar and frosted sugar in any proportion;

taraxacum mongolicum hand-Mazz, the name of Latin, is a perennial herb of the family Compositae. The root is cone-shaped, the surface is dark brown, it is wrinkled, the edge of the leaf has wavy teeth or deep fissures like a pinnate, the base part is gradually narrowed into a petiole, the petiole and the main pulse are usually reddish purple, and the upper part of the scape is purplish red. The head-shaped inflorescence, the seeds are provided with pompon formed by white crown hairs, and the pompon floats to a new place along with wind after the flowers bloom to inoculate new life. The flower and fruit period is 4-10 months. Widely growing on hilly grassland, roadside, fields and beaches in middle and low altitude areas.

The main components of the dandelion comprise flavonoids, phenolic acids, volatile oils and the like, and have the broad-spectrum antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. The dandelion water decoction has a certain bactericidal effect on staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella freundii, paratyphoid a type bacillus, candida albicans, bovine brucellosis and the like. The product has ethanol extract 1:400 and can inhibit tubercle bacillus. The water decoction of 1:80 can delay ECHO11 virus cytopathic effect, and the alcohol extract (31mg/kg) can kill leptospira and inhibit some fungi. Has good killing effect on helicobacter pylori.

Houttuynia cordata (the scientific name is Houttuynia cordia), also called herba Houttuyniae, Saururaceae plant, produced in southern provinces of Yangtze river basin in China. The houttuynia cordata has an inhibiting effect on various microorganisms (particularly yeasts and molds), and has an obvious inhibiting effect on hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus aureus, influenza bacillus, catacoccus and pneumococcus. It also has therapeutic effect on Escherichia coli, dysentery bacillus, and typhoid bacillus.

Purslane (Latin name: Portulaoleraceal L.), also called purslane, is an annual herbaceous plant with meat quality, and is produced in every part of China. Purslane has a strong inhibition effect on various common food contamination bacteria. Especially has strong bacteriostatic action on a plurality of bacteria, such as escherichia coli, salmonella, proteus, shigella, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus cereus and the like. Purslane also has an inhibiting effect on some moulds, such as Mucor racemosus, gibberellic acid, Neurospora globosum, Aspergillus flavus and the like.

The fermentation powder in the application is also called as environment-friendly ferment, and the components comprise various nutrients provided by plant raw materials and microorganisms and plant functional chemical components (phytochemicals) in natural plants, and some physiological active substances generated by fermentation, including vitamins, amino acids, polysaccharides, peptides, polyphenols, flavonoids, mineral elements and organic acids, antioxidant components such as GABA, SOD and catalase, various probiotics, alcohols, esters, enzymes, oligosaccharides added externally, enzymes, taurine and the like, so that the fermentation powder has a strong bacteriostatic action and also has a remarkable promoting effect on the self-purification recovery of a water body.

S03 soaking the soaked or extracted waste residue of semen Scaphii Lychnophori in pure water at 60-80 deg.C until semen Scaphii Lychnophori is in swelling state, removing outer skin and core, separating middle layer seed coat to obtain semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix, adding semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix into pure water, performing ultrasonic treatment at 40-60 deg.C for 30-60min, taking out semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix, drying at 60-80 deg.C in drying oven, pulverizing after 8-12 hr, and sieving to obtain semen Scaphii Lychnophori powder;

s04, weighing 10-15 parts of shell powder, 10-15 parts of sterculia scaphigera powder and 2-3 parts of fermentation powder, uniformly mixing, adding 0.1-0.2 part of magnesium stearate, extruding, and performing dry granulation to obtain the antibacterial granules.

Boat-fruited sterculia seed (also known as sterculia seed, semen Ananadis Comosi, and dafa) is the mature seed of Pinus Marianensis (L.) Merr of Sterculia of Sterculiaceae, with extremely thin outer seed coat, crisp texture, and easy shedding. The middle layer has thick seed coat, black brown color, loose texture, and easy breakage, and can expand into sponge shape when contacting with water. Scattered resin-like small spots can be seen on the cross section. The inner seed coat can be peeled from the middle seed coat, and is slightly leather, and the inside of the inner seed coat is provided with 2 pieces of hypertrophic endosperm, and is wide egg-shaped; 2 cotyledons, thin, cling to the inner side of endosperm, and big like endosperm. The seed coat of semen Scaphii Lychnophori contains galactose 15.06%, pentose (mainly arabinose) 24.7%, and active ingredients including sterculin and trace elements such as Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, etc. The endosperm contains about 59.04% of tragacanth mucilage (Bassorin), and the functional components of semen Scaphii Lychnophori are mainly polysaccharides. At present, the sale amount of the scaphium scaphigerum in China is basically equal to the yield of the produced scaphium scaphigerum, the sale amount in 2010 is more 1000 tons, most of the scaphium scaphigerum is sold to factories, such as pharmaceutical factories for producing buccal tablets and throat tablets, tea factories for producing herbal tea, bean jelly and the like, the utilized components of the factories are scaphium scaphigerum water-soluble substances, and spongy colloid (scaphium scaphigerum expansive matrix) is discarded in the form of leftovers. Sterculia Lychnophora Hance is used for inhibiting bacteria, viruses, diarrhea, pain, inflammation and immunity.

Preferably, the shell comprises: clam shell, scallop shell, oyster shell, razor clam shell, clam shell and river snail shell in any proportion.

Preferably, the pH value of the strong alkali solution is 10-12, and the strong alkali solution is any one of a sodium hydroxide solution, a potassium hydroxide solution and a calcium hydroxide solution.

Preferably, the pretreatment method comprises cleaning the plant material with clear water, draining, and cutting into powder with diameter less than 1 mm.

Preferably, the sterculia seed powder is powder passing through a 40-60 mesh screen.

The antibacterial agent is used for disinfecting tail water of urban sewage treatment plants.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) the raw materials of the antibacterial agent are wide in source and easy to obtain, the plant raw materials of the fermented powder are fresh dandelion, houttuynia cordata, purslane and the like, are all plants common to roadside of a river, and are often removed as weeds in the country; the sterculia lychnophora waste residue and the shells are all from common wastes in life, the preparation process is simple, the operation condition is mild, the raw materials are changed into valuable, and the prepared bacteriostatic agent has good bacteriostatic property, is non-toxic and environment-friendly, and has good economic and social benefits.

(2) Compared with the sample without the boat-fruited sterculia seed fine powder, the antibacterial particles containing the boat-fruited sterculia seed fine powder prepared by the invention have obvious antibacterial effect on escherichia coli. The results show that the seed coat part in the middle layer of the scaphium scaphigerum has stronger water absorption and expansion characteristics and proper viscosity, so that after the antibacterial particles are disintegrated in water, the scaphium scaphigerum expands in volume and is suspended in the water, the contact area between the shell powder and the fermentation powder adhered to the surface of the scaphium scaphigerum and bacteria in the water is increased, and the more effective sterilization and bacteriostasis can be realized; in addition, the main components of the boat-fruited sterculia seed are polysaccharide substances, boat-fruited sterculia seed glue, tragacanth mucilage and the like, and the components have the bacteriostatic action, so that the total bacteriostatic efficiency of the antibacterial particles is further improved.

(3) In the invention, the calcined shell can generate more pores in the shell by spraying water, which is more favorable for improving the adsorption effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the bacteriostatic rate of the antibacterial agent prepared according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments: example 1 (in parts by weight):

a preparation method of a tail water antibacterial agent for a town sewage treatment plant comprises the following steps:

s01, cleaning scallop shells with water, soaking the scallop shells in a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 10 for 2 hours, cleaning the soaked shells with water again, drying the shells in a drying device, then placing the shells in a muffle furnace to calcine at 500 ℃ for 1 hour, taking out the shells, immediately spraying 2 parts of pure water while the shells are hot, placing the shells in the muffle furnace to calcine at 900 ℃ for 1 hour, taking out the shells to cool, crushing the shells by using a crusher, and sieving the shells by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain shell powder for later use;

s02 cleaning fresh herba Taraxaci, fresh herba Houttuyniae and fresh herba Portulacae, air drying, cutting into powder with diameter less than 1mm, mixing with edible sugar and pure water at a weight ratio of 3:1:10, placing in a fermentation device, controlling indoor temperature at 10-35 deg.C, standing for 90 days, fermenting to obtain fermented product, drying and pulverizing to obtain fermented powder; exhausting and stirring the plant raw materials of the fermentation device at regular time every day within 7-30 days of fermentation;

the edible sugar is a mixture of raw sugar, white granulated sugar, soft white sugar, crystal sugar, cubic sugar, fine granulated sugar, brown sugar, bornyl sugar, yellow granulated sugar and frosted sugar in any proportion;

s03 soaking the soaked or extracted waste residue of semen Scaphii Lychnophori in 80 deg.C pure water for 8min until semen Scaphii Lychnophori is in swelling state, removing outer skin and core, separating middle layer seed coat to obtain semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix, adding spongiform matrix into pure water, performing ultrasonic treatment at 60 deg.C for 30min, taking out semen Scaphii Lychnophori swelling matrix, drying at 60 deg.C, taking out after 12 hr, pulverizing, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain semen Scaphii Lychnophori powder;

s04, weighing 10 parts of shell powder, 10 parts of sterculia scaphigera powder and 2 parts of fermentation powder, uniformly mixing, adding 0.2 part of magnesium stearate, extruding and granulating by a dry method to obtain the antibacterial granules.