阅读说明：本技术 一种发动机尾喷口锻件加工工艺及其制造模具 (Processing technology and manufacturing die for engine tail nozzle forging ) 是由 姜星智 穆剑菲 尹晓东 江一波 陈望 黄建华 于 2019-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种发动机尾喷口锻件加工工艺及其制造模具,通过坯料检验、喷丸处理、倒角、涂润滑剂、包套、绑偶、坯料加热、一火模锻、喷丸处理、涂润滑剂、包套、绑偶、预锻件加热、模具预热、二火模锻、喷丸处理、终检、入库、发货的工艺流程实现筒状环坯到尾喷口锻件的锻压成型加工,其中通过一火模锻时的扩锥孔成型模和二火模锻时的镦挤成型模使筒状环坯成为预锻件并最终成为尾喷口锻件。这种发动机尾喷口锻件加工工艺及其制造模具使形成的尾喷口锻件结构及尺寸更接近发动机尾喷口零件的尺寸,后期机加工余量小,难度降低,提高了生产效率,也降低了生产成本,产品的性能经过两次锻压也得到了显著提高。(The invention discloses a processing technology of a forging piece of a tail nozzle of an engine and a manufacturing die thereof, wherein the forging and forming processing from a cylindrical ring blank to the forging piece of the tail nozzle is realized through the technological processes of blank inspection, shot blasting treatment, chamfering, lubricant coating, coupling, blank heating, one-fire die forging, shot blasting treatment, lubricant coating, coupling, pre-forging piece heating, die preheating, two-fire die forging, shot blasting treatment, final inspection, warehousing and delivery, wherein the cylindrical ring blank is made into the pre-forging piece and finally becomes the nozzle of the tail nozzle through a cone expanding hole forming die during the one-fire die forging and an upsetting and extruding forming die during the two-fire die forging. The processing technology and the manufacturing die of the engine tail nozzle forging enable the structure and the size of the formed tail nozzle forging to be closer to the size of an engine tail nozzle part, the later-stage machining allowance is small, the difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is also reduced, and the performance of a product is also remarkably improved through twice forging and pressing.)

1. A processing technology of a forging of a tail nozzle of an engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. and (3) blank inspection: the cylindrical ring blank is retested, the height of the cylindrical ring blank is 562mm, the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring blank is 675mm, the inner diameter of a central hole of the cylindrical ring blank is 465mm, the cylindrical ring blank is made of GH4169 high-temperature alloy, and the main chemical element content (weight percentage) of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy is as follows: the content of C is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, the content of Cr is 17.0 to 21.0 percent, the content of Ni is 50.0 to 55.0 percent, the content of Co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the content of Mo is 2.80 to 3.30 percent, the content of Al is 0.30 to 0.70 percent, the content of Ti is 0.75 to 1.15 percent, the content of Nb is 4.75 to 5.50 percent, the content of B is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, the content of Mg is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, the content of Mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of Cu is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, the content of Ca;

B. shot blasting: cleaning the surface of the cylindrical ring blank, checking whether the surface of the cylindrical ring blank has defects, if the surface has defects, communicating with a customer, making detailed records on a turnover card, and after the customer confirms that the surface needs to be polished, polishing the surface by using a corner grinder, wherein the width-depth ratio is more than 6 and the surface is in smooth transition;

C. chamfering: chamfering C20 on the end face of the cylindrical ring blank;

D. coating a lubricant: the surface of the cylindrical ring blank is cleaned and then preheated to about 150 ℃, and then the lubricant is uniformly coated for 1-2 times without damaging the coating;

E. sheathing and binding a doll: cutting heat preservation cotton with the thickness of 25mm according to the size, after the cylindrical ring blank is sheathed, the upper end surface is upward as before the tubular ring blank is sheathed, the section numbers of ingots are sequentially placed and kept consistent, a thermocouple is bound on the circular surface of the upper end surface of the cylindrical ring blank before the tubular ring blank is sheathed, whether the tubular ring blank normally works is tested, and the thermocouple number and the charging position of the blank with the thermocouple are recorded;

F. blank heating and die preheating: heating a fire forging die and a cylindrical ring blank according to the process requirement;

G. one-step hot die forging: debugging a press machine, installing a preheated die on the hydraulic press, closing the die to zero position, uniformly spraying graphite emulsion on an upper die, placing a cylindrical ring blank in the center of the die from a heating furnace through an operating machine with a clamp wrapped with heat insulation cotton, positioning the cylindrical ring blank in the die through a central hole of the cylindrical ring blank, setting pressure by the hydraulic press, and forging the cylindrical ring blank into a central hole and a pre-forging piece with the outer parts of the upper end and the lower end of the outer part expanded outwards;

H. shot blasting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) removing a material from a die of a preforging piece, cleaning the surface of the preforging piece, checking whether the surface of the preforging piece has defects, and if the surface has the defects, polishing by using an angle grinder, wherein the width-depth ratio is greater than 6 and smooth transition is realized;

I. coating a lubricant: the surface of the pre-forged piece is cleaned and then preheated to about 150 ℃, and then the lubricant is uniformly coated for 1-2 times without damaging the coating;

J. sheathing and binding a doll: cutting heat preservation cotton with the thickness of 25mm according to the size, after the pre-forging piece is sheathed, the upper end surface is upward and the section numbers of ingots are sequentially placed and kept consistent as before the pre-forging piece is sheathed, binding a thermocouple on the circular surface of the upper end surface of the pre-forging piece before the pre-forging piece is sheathed, testing whether the pre-forging piece normally works or not, and recording the thermocouple number and the furnace charging position of the pre-forging piece with the thermocouple;

K. heating a pre-forged part and preheating a die: heating the two-fire die forging die and the pre-forging piece according to the process;

l, two-fire die forging: debugging a press machine, installing a preheated die on the hydraulic press, closing the die to zero position, uniformly spraying graphite emulsion on an upper die, placing a pre-forging piece in the center of the die from a heating furnace through an operating machine with a clamp wrapped with heat insulation cotton, positioning the pre-forging piece in the die through a center hole of the pre-forging piece, setting pressure by the hydraulic press, and forging and pressing the pre-forging piece into a tail nozzle forging piece;

shot blasting: the surface of the tail spout forging is cleaned after the material of the tail spout forging is returned from the die, whether the surface of the tail spout forging has defects is checked, if the surface has defects, the surface needs to be polished by an angle grinder, the width-depth ratio is greater than 6, and smooth transition is realized;

n, final inspection: and (5) checking the shape, size and surface quality of the jet nozzle forging.

2. The process for machining the engine tail nozzle forging piece according to claim 1, wherein in the step G, after the pressure is set, the hydraulic machine runs at full speed in a free stroke, the pressing speed is 15mm/s after the hydraulic machine contacts the cylindrical ring blank, and the pressure is reduced to 25mm under pressure.

3. The processing technology of the engine tail nozzle forging piece according to claim 1, wherein in the step L, after the pressure is set by the hydraulic machine, the hydraulic machine runs at full speed in a free stroke, the pressing speed is 15mm/s after the hydraulic machine contacts the pre-forging piece, and the pre-forging piece is pressed until the die is closed.

4. A die for manufacturing a forging of a jet nozzle of an engine according to claim 1, comprising a tapered hole expanding die (1) for forging the cylindrical ring blank (12) into the preliminary forging (13) at the time of one-fire forging and an upsetting-extruding die (2) for forging the preliminary forging (13) into the forging of the jet nozzle (14) at the time of two-fire forging; the expanding taper hole forming die (1) and the upsetting extrusion forming die (2) are composed of an upper connecting plate (3), a lower connecting plate (4), an upper die (5), a lower die (6) and a lower punch (7), the top of the upper die (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper connecting plate (3), the bottom of the lower die (6) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower connecting plate (4), the upper die (5) and the lower die (6) are concentric up and down, the centers of the upper die (5) and the lower die (6) are respectively provided with a die cavity which is communicated up and down, the center of the bottom of the die cavity of the lower die (6) is provided with the lower punch (7) of which the bottom surface is connected with the connecting plate (4), and the side profile of the die cavity after the upper die (5) and the lower die (6) are combined; a hole expanding punch (8) with the top fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate (3) is arranged at the center of the die cavity of the upper die (5) in the hole expanding forming die (1), and after the upper die (5) and the lower die (6) in the hole expanding forming die (1) are assembled, the inner die cavity, the hole expanding punch (8) and the lower punch (7) form a pre-forging cavity (9) for forging and pressing a pre-forging piece (13); and a forming punch (10) with the top fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate (3) is arranged at the center of the die cavity of the upper die (5) in the upsetting-extruding forming die (2), and a final forging cavity (11) for forging and pressing the tail nozzle forging (14) is formed by the inner die cavity of the upper die (5) and the lower die (6) after the upper die (5) and the lower die (6) are assembled in the upsetting-extruding forming die (2), the forming punch (10) and the lower punch (7).

5. The die for manufacturing the engine jet nozzle forging piece is characterized in that the lower punch (7) consists of a top head (71) and a top rod (72) which are consistent with the shape and the size of a central hole at the bottom of the jet nozzle forging piece (14), the top rod (72) is fixedly arranged at the center of the bottom of the top head (71) and is integrally formed, a material returning hole (41) which is communicated up and down is formed in the center of the lower connecting plate (4), the top rod (71) is positioned in the material returning hole (41), the tail end of the top rod is connected with a material returning machine arranged below the lower connecting plate (4), and the bottom of the top head (71) is in contact with the top surface of the lower connecting plate (4).

6. The die for manufacturing the forging of the engine tail nozzle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer side surface of the broaching punch (8) is in a conical structure.

7. The die for manufacturing the forging of the tail nozzle of the engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bottom of the upper die (5) is provided with a fixed center hole (51) which can be in sleeve fit with the top of the outer side of the lower die (6).

8. The die for manufacturing the forging of the tail nozzle of the engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the upper die (5), the reaming punch (8), the forming punch (10) and the upper connecting plate (3) are detachably connected with each other and the lower die (6) and the lower connecting plate (4) are detachably connected with each other through bolts.

9. The die for manufacturing the forging of the engine exhaust nozzle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer side surface and the bottom surface of the forming punch (10) are rounded, and the radius R of the rounded corner is 160 mm.

10. The die for manufacturing the forging of the engine exhaust nozzle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the outer side surface and the top surface of the top head (71) are rounded, and the radius R' of the rounded corner is 120 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of engine tail nozzles, in particular to a processing technology of an engine tail nozzle forge piece and a manufacturing die thereof.

Background

The jet nozzle is an important component of an aircraft engine, has high structural precision requirement, and belongs to a jet exhaust port of the aircraft engine, so that the jet nozzle also needs to have enough high temperature resistance and structural strength.

The existing aircraft engine tail nozzle is mostly made of high-temperature alloy materials, and the deformation interval of the existing aircraft engine tail nozzle under the high-temperature action is ensured to be small. The existing aircraft engine tail nozzle is similar to a tubular structure in structure, a through hole which is communicated with the front and the back is formed in the center, the requirement on precision is high, the size structure is large, and the processing difficulty is large.

Although the mode can finally realize the processing of the engine tail nozzle and meet the requirement of final size, the difference between the structural size of the forged and pressed cylindrical blank and the final product is large, and the allowance removed by the machining requirement is large, so that the material waste is great, the machining requirement and difficulty are high, the processing time is long, the processing efficiency is greatly influenced, and the production cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a processing technology of an engine tail nozzle forging and a manufacturing mould thereof, which can improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a machining process for a tail nozzle forging of an engine comprises the following steps:

A. and (3) blank inspection: the cylindrical ring blank is retested, the height of the cylindrical ring blank is 562mm, the outer diameter of the cylindrical ring blank is 675mm, the inner diameter of a central hole of the cylindrical ring blank is 465mm, the cylindrical ring blank is made of GH4169 high-temperature alloy, and the main chemical element content (weight percentage) of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy is as follows: the content of C is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, the content of Cr is 17.0 to 21.0 percent, the content of Ni is 50.0 to 55.0 percent, the content of Co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the content of Mo is 2.80 to 3.30 percent, the content of Al is 0.30 to 0.70 percent, the content of Ti is 0.75 to 1.15 percent, the content of Nb is 4.75 to 5.50 percent, the content of B is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, the content of Mg is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, the content of Mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of Cu is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, the content of Ca;

B. shot blasting: cleaning the surface of the cylindrical ring blank, checking whether the surface of the cylindrical ring blank has defects, if the surface has defects, communicating with a customer, making detailed records on a turnover card, and after the customer confirms that the surface needs to be polished, polishing the surface by using a corner grinder, wherein the width-depth ratio is more than 6 and the surface is in smooth transition;

C. chamfering: chamfering C20 on the end face of the cylindrical ring blank;

D. coating a lubricant: the surface of the cylindrical ring blank is cleaned and then preheated to about 150 ℃, and then the lubricant is uniformly coated for 1-2 times without damaging the coating;

E. sheathing and binding a doll: cutting heat preservation cotton with the thickness of 25mm according to the size, after the cylindrical ring blank is sheathed, the upper end surface is upward as before the tubular ring blank is sheathed, the section numbers of ingots are sequentially placed and kept consistent, a thermocouple is bound on the circular surface of the upper end surface of the cylindrical ring blank before the tubular ring blank is sheathed, whether the tubular ring blank normally works is tested, and the thermocouple number and the charging position of the blank with the thermocouple are recorded;

F. blank heating and die preheating: heating a fire forging die and a cylindrical ring blank according to the process requirement;

G. one-step hot die forging: debugging a press machine, installing a preheated die on the hydraulic press, closing the die to zero position, uniformly spraying graphite emulsion on an upper die, placing a cylindrical ring blank in the center of the die from a heating furnace through an operating machine with a clamp wrapped with heat insulation cotton, positioning the cylindrical ring blank in the die through a central hole of the cylindrical ring blank, setting pressure by the hydraulic press, and forging the cylindrical ring blank into a central hole and a pre-forging piece with the outer parts of the upper end and the lower end of the outer part expanded outwards;

H. shot blasting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) removing a material from a die of a preforging piece, cleaning the surface of the preforging piece, checking whether the surface of the preforging piece has defects, and if the surface has the defects, polishing by using an angle grinder, wherein the width-depth ratio is greater than 6 and smooth transition is realized;

I. coating a lubricant: the surface of the pre-forged piece is cleaned and then preheated to about 150 ℃, and then the lubricant is uniformly coated for 1-2 times without damaging the coating;

J. sheathing and binding a doll: cutting heat preservation cotton with the thickness of 25mm according to the size, after the pre-forging piece is sheathed, the upper end surface is upward and the section numbers of ingots are sequentially placed and kept consistent as before the pre-forging piece is sheathed, binding a thermocouple on the circular surface of the upper end surface of the pre-forging piece before the pre-forging piece is sheathed, testing whether the pre-forging piece normally works or not, and recording the thermocouple number and the furnace charging position of the pre-forging piece with the thermocouple;

K. heating a pre-forged part and preheating a die: heating the two-fire die forging die and the pre-forging piece according to the process;

l, two-fire die forging: debugging a press machine, installing a preheated die on the hydraulic press, closing the die to zero position, uniformly spraying graphite emulsion on an upper die, placing a pre-forging piece in the center of the die from a heating furnace through an operating machine with a clamp wrapped with heat insulation cotton, positioning the pre-forging piece in the die through a center hole of the pre-forging piece, setting pressure by the hydraulic press, and forging and pressing the pre-forging piece into a tail nozzle forging piece;

shot blasting: the surface of the tail spout forging is cleaned after the material of the tail spout forging is returned from the die, whether the surface of the tail spout forging has defects is checked, if the surface has defects, the surface needs to be polished by an angle grinder, the width-depth ratio is greater than 6, and smooth transition is realized;

n, final inspection: and (5) checking the shape, size and surface quality of the jet nozzle forging.

Preferably, in the step G, after the pressure is set by the hydraulic machine, the hydraulic machine runs at full speed during idle running, the pressing speed is 15mm/s after the hydraulic machine contacts the cylindrical ring blank, and the cylindrical ring blank is pressed to be under-pressure of 25 mm.

Preferably, in the step L, after the pressure is set by the hydraulic machine, the hydraulic machine runs at full speed during idle running, the pressing speed is 15mm/s after the hydraulic machine contacts the pre-forging piece, and the pre-forging piece is pressed until the die is closed.

A manufacturing die for a tail nozzle forging of an engine comprises a flared hole forming die for forging a cylindrical ring blank into a pre-forging piece during one-time die forging and an upsetting-extruding forming die for forging the pre-forging piece into the tail nozzle forging piece during two-time die forging; the expanded taper hole forming die and the upsetting extrusion forming die are respectively composed of an upper connecting plate, a lower connecting plate, an upper die, a lower die and a lower punch, the top of the upper die is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper connecting plate, the bottom of the lower die is fixedly connected to the top of the lower connecting plate, the upper die and the lower die are concentric up and down, the centers of the upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with a die cavity communicated up and down, the center of the bottom of the die cavity of the lower die is provided with the lower punch, the bottom surface of the lower punch is connected with the connecting plate, and the side profile of the die cavity after the; a hole expanding punch with the top fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate is arranged at the center of the die cavity of the upper die in the hole expanding forming die, and a pre-forging cavity for forging and pressing the pre-forging piece is formed by the inner die cavity of the upper die and the lower die after the upper die and the lower die are assembled in the hole expanding forming die, the hole expanding punch and the lower punch; and a forming punch with the top fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate is arranged at the center of the die cavity of the upper die in the upsetting-extruding forming die, and a final forging cavity for forging and pressing the tail nozzle forging is formed by the inner die cavity of the upsetting-extruding forming die, the forming punch and the lower punch after the upper die and the lower die are assembled.

Preferably, the lower punch consists of a top head and a top rod, the shape and the size of the top head are consistent with those of a bottom center hole of the tail nozzle forge piece, the top rod is fixedly arranged at the center of the bottom of the top head and is integrally formed, a material returning hole which is communicated up and down is formed in the center of the lower connecting plate, the top rod is located in the material returning hole, the tail end of the top rod is connected with a material returning machine arranged below the lower connecting plate, and the bottom of the top head is in contact with the top surface of the lower connecting plate.

Preferably, the outer side surface of the reaming punch is in a conical structure.

Preferably, the bottom of the upper die is provided with a fixed center hole which can be in sleeve fit with the top of the outer side of the lower die.

Preferably, the upper die, the reaming punch, the forming punch and the upper connecting plate are detachably connected through bolts, and the lower die and the lower connecting plate are detachably connected through bolts.

Preferably, the outer side surface and the bottom surface of the forming punch are rounded, and the radius R of the rounded corner is 160 mm.

Preferably, the outer side surface of the top head and the top surface are rounded, and the radius R' of the rounded corner is 120 mm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the die for manufacturing the forging of the engine tail nozzle is used for manufacturing a forging structure and size formed by a cylindrical ring blank of the engine tail nozzle after two working procedures of expanding a taper hole and upsetting-extruding, the forging structure and size are closer to the size of parts of the engine tail nozzle, the machining allowance in the later period is small, the difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the material consumption is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the performance of a product is also remarkably improved through twice forging and pressing.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a forming die for a tapered hole of an engine exhaust nozzle forging of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of an upsetting-extruding forming die of an engine tail nozzle forging of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a forming punch in an upsetting-extruding forming die of an engine tail nozzle forging of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower punch in the die for manufacturing the engine tail nozzle forging of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the top structure of the cylindrical ring blank;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the structure A-A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the engine nozzle block;

FIG. 8 is a side structural cross-sectional view of an engine jet tail nozzle forging.

In the figure: 1. a flared hole forming die; 2. upsetting and extruding a forming die; 3. an upper connecting plate; 4. a lower connecting plate; 41. a material returning hole; 5. an upper die; 51. centering the middle hole; 6. a lower die; 7. a lower punch; 71. ejecting the head; 72. a top rod; 8. a hole expanding punch; 9. a pre-forging cavity; 10. forming a punch; 11. finish forging a cavity; 12. a cylindrical ring blank; 121. a central bore; 13. pre-forging; 14. and (4) a tail nozzle forging.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.

Fig. 1 and 2 show a die for manufacturing a forging of a jet nozzle of an engine, which comprises a tapered hole expanding die 1 for forging a cylindrical ring blank 12 into a pre-forging 13 during one-shot forging and an upsetting-extruding die 2 for forging the pre-forging 13 into a forging of a jet nozzle 14 during two-shot forging; the expanding taper hole forming die 1 and the upsetting extrusion forming die 2 are composed of an upper connecting plate 3, a lower connecting plate 4, an upper die 5, a lower die 6 and a lower punch 7, the top of the upper die 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper connecting plate 3, the bottom of the lower die 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the lower connecting plate 4, the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 are concentric up and down, the centers of the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 are respectively provided with a die cavity communicated up and down, the lower punch 7 with the bottom surface connected with the connecting plate 4 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the die cavity of the lower die 6, and the side profile of the die cavity after the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 are; a hole expanding punch 8 with the top fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate 3 is arranged at the center of the die cavity of the upper die 5 in the hole expanding forming die 1, and a pre-forging cavity 9 for forging and pressing a pre-forging piece 13 is formed by the inner die cavity of the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 in the hole expanding forming die 1 after the die is closed with the hole expanding punch 8 and the lower punch 7; and a forming punch 10 with the top fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate 3 is arranged at the center of the die cavity of the upper die 5 in the upsetting-extruding forming die 2, and a finish forging cavity 11 for forging and pressing a tail nozzle forging 14 is formed by the inner die cavity of the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 in the upsetting-extruding forming die 2, the forming punch 10 and the lower punch 7 after the die is closed.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to have a forging function and a material returning function, the lower punch 7 is composed of a top head 71 and a top rod 72, the shape and the size of the top head 71 are consistent with those of the bottom center hole of the jet tail forging 14, the top rod 72 is fixedly arranged at the bottom center of the top head 71 and is integrally formed, the center of the lower connecting plate 4 is provided with a material returning hole 41 which is communicated up and down, the top rod 71 is positioned in the material returning hole 41, the tail end of the top rod is connected with a material returning machine arranged below the lower connecting plate 4, and the bottom of the top head 71 is contacted with the top surface of the lower connecting plate 4.

In order to facilitate the broaching of the cylindrical ring blank 12, the outer side surface of the broaching punch 8 is in a conical structure.

In order to facilitate the centering of the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the die, the bottom of the upper die 5 is provided with a centering hole 51 which can be in sleeve fit with the top of the outer side of the lower die 6.

In order to facilitate replacement of vulnerable parts in the die and reduce use cost, the upper die 5, the reaming punch 8, the forming punch 10 and the upper connecting plate 3 and the lower die 6 and the lower connecting plate 4 are detachably connected through bolts.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to facilitate the flow of metal into the die cavity during forging, the outer side surface and the bottom surface of the forming punch 10 are rounded, and the radius R of the rounded corner is 160 mm; the outer side surface and the top surface of the top head 71 are rounded, and the radius R' of the rounded angle is 120 mm.

By combining the die, the machining process of the engine tail spout forging specifically comprises the following steps:

A. and (3) blank inspection: the cylindrical ring blank 12 is tested again, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the height of the cylindrical ring blank 12 is 562mm, the outer diameter is 675mm, the inner diameter of the central hole is 465mm, the cylindrical ring blank is made of GH4169 high-temperature alloy, and the main chemical element content (weight percentage) of the GH4169 high-temperature alloy is as follows: the content of C is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, the content of Cr is 17.0 to 21.0 percent, the content of Ni is 50.0 to 55.0 percent, the content of Co is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the content of Mo is 2.80 to 3.30 percent, the content of Al is 0.30 to 0.70 percent, the content of Ti is 0.75 to 1.15 percent, the content of Nb is 4.75 to 5.50 percent, the content of B is less than or equal to 0.006 percent, the content of Mg is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, the content of Mn is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.35 percent, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of Cu is less than or equal to 0.30 percent, the content of Ca;

B. shot blasting: cleaning the surface of the cylindrical ring blank 12, checking whether the surface of the cylindrical ring blank 12 has defects, if the surface has defects, communicating with a customer, making detailed records on a turnover card, and after the customer confirms that the surface needs to be polished, polishing the surface by using a corner grinder, wherein the width-depth ratio is more than 6 and the surface is in smooth transition;

C. chamfering: chamfering C20 on the end face of the cylindrical ring blank 12;

D. coating a lubricant: the surface of the cylindrical ring blank 12 is cleaned and then preheated to about 150 ℃, and then the lubricant is uniformly coated for 1-2 times without damaging the coating;

E. sheathing and binding a doll: cutting heat preservation cotton with the thickness of 25mm according to the size, after the cylindrical ring blank 12 is sheathed, the upper end surface is upward as before the tubular ring blank is sheathed, the section numbers of ingots are sequentially placed and kept consistent, and before the tubular ring blank is sheathed, a thermocouple is bound on the circular surface of the upper end surface of the cylindrical ring blank 12 to test whether the cylindrical ring blank normally works, and the thermocouple number and the charging position of the blank with the thermocouple are recorded;

F. blank heating and die preheating: heating a one-fire die forging die and the cylindrical ring blank 12 according to the technological requirements, wherein the one-fire die forging die is a flared hole forming die 1;

G. one-step hot die forging: debugging a press machine, installing a preheated expanded-cone hole forming die 1 on a hydraulic press, then closing the die to zero, uniformly spraying graphite emulsion on an upper die 5, placing a cylindrical ring blank 12 in the center of the expanded-cone hole forming die 1 from a heating furnace through an operating machine for clamping and wrapping heat-preservation cotton, positioning the cylindrical ring blank in the expanded-cone hole forming die 1 through a central hole 121 of the cylindrical ring blank 12, setting pressure by the hydraulic press, enabling the hydraulic press to run at full speed during idle stroke, enabling the pressing speed to be 15mm/s after the cylindrical ring blank is contacted, pressing to be 25mm under pressure, and forging and pressing the cylindrical ring blank 12 into the central hole 121 and a pre-forging piece 13 with the outer upper end and the outer lower end outwards expanded as shown in figure 7;

H. shot blasting: the surface of the pre-forging piece 13 is cleaned after the material of the pre-forging piece 13 is returned from the flared hole forming die 1, whether the surface of the pre-forging piece 13 has defects is checked, if the defects exist, the surface needs to be polished by an angle grinder, the width-depth ratio is more than 6, and smooth transition is realized;

I. coating a lubricant: the surface of the pre-forging piece 13 is cleaned and then preheated to about 150 ℃, and then the lubricant is uniformly coated for 1-2 times without damaging the coating;

J. sheathing and binding a doll: cutting heat preservation cotton with the thickness of 25mm according to the size, placing the upper end face of the pre-forged piece 13 which is sheathed and the section number of the ingot in sequence to be consistent as before the sheathing, binding a thermocouple on the circular surface of the upper end face of the pre-forged piece 13 before the sheathing, testing whether the work is normal or not, and recording the thermocouple number and the furnace loading position of the pre-forged piece 13 with the thermocouple;

K. heating a pre-forged part and preheating a die: heating a two-fire die forging die and a pre-forging piece 13 according to the process, wherein the two-fire die forging die is an upsetting-extruding forming die 2;

l, two-fire die forging: debugging a press machine, installing a preheated upsetting-extrusion forming die 2 on a hydraulic press, closing the die to zero, uniformly spraying graphite emulsion on an upper die 5, placing a pre-forging piece 13 in the center of the upsetting-extrusion forming die 2 from a heating furnace through an operating machine with heat-insulating cotton wrapped by a clamp, positioning the pre-forging piece in the upsetting-extrusion forming die 2 through a central hole 121 of the pre-forging piece 13, setting pressure by the hydraulic press, enabling the hydraulic press to run at full speed in idle stroke, enabling the pressing speed to be 15mm/s after contacting the pre-forging piece, pressing to close the die, and forging the pre-forging piece 13 into a tail nozzle forging piece 14 shown in figure 8;

shot blasting: the surface of the tail nozzle forging 14 is cleaned after the material is returned from the upsetting-extruding forming die 2, whether the surface of the tail nozzle forging 14 has defects is checked, if the surface has defects, the surface needs to be polished by an angle grinder, the width-depth ratio is greater than 6, and smooth transition is realized;

n, final inspection: and (5) checking the shape, size and surface quality of the jet nozzle forging 14.

In the step G, the working principle of the expanded taper hole forming die 1 is as follows: placing the preheated cylindrical ring blank 12 into a die cavity of a lower die 6, clamping the bottom of a central hole 121 of the cylindrical ring blank 12 at the outer side of the top of a lower punch 7 at the center inside the lower die 6, realizing centering, driving an upper die 5 and a hole expanding punch 8 which are connected at the bottom of an upper connecting plate 3 downwards after a hydraulic press is set to have a pressure, enabling the head of the hole expanding punch 8 to contact and enter the central hole 121 of the cylindrical ring blank 12, enabling the hole expanding punch 8 and the upper die 5 to continue to be pressed downwards under the pressure action of the hydraulic press, enabling the outer sides of the upper end and the lower end of the cylindrical ring blank 12 and the upper end and the lower end of the central hole 121 to be expanded outwards due to the structural action of the hole expanding punch 8 and the lower punch 7, returning the hydraulic press drives the upper die 5 and the hole expanding punch 8 to be reset upwards to be separated from a formed pre-forged piece 13 after the lower punch is pressed to be 25mm, ejecting the pre-forging piece 13 positioned at the upper end of the pre-forging piece, and finally taking out the pre-forging piece 13 through a mechanical clamp.

In the step L, the working principle of the upsetting-extruding forming die 2 is as follows: placing the preheated pre-forging 13 into a die cavity of a lower die 6, clamping the bottom of a central hole 121 of the pre-forging 13 at the outer side of the top of a lower punch 7 at the center inside the lower die 6, realizing centering, driving an upper die 5 and a forming punch 10 connected to the bottom of an upper connecting plate 3 to drive downwards after a hydraulic press sets pressure, enabling the head of the forming punch 10 to contact and enter the central hole 121 of the pre-forging 13, enabling the forming punch 10 and the upper die 5 to continue to press downwards under the pressure action of the hydraulic press, enabling metal to flow to each part of a finish forging cavity 11 more conveniently due to the fact that the contact ends of the forming punch 10 and the lower punch 7 and the central hole 121 are both fillet ends, and driving the upper die 5 and the forming punch 10 to reset upwards to separate from a formed tail nozzle 14 after the hydraulic press drives the upper die 5 and the lower die 6 to be closed, namely the fixed central hole 51 at the bottom of the upper die 5 is completely sleeved at, and then, the lower punch 7 is lifted upwards under the action of a material returning machine at the bottom of the lower connecting plate 4 to eject the jet nozzle forging 14 at the upper end of the lower punch, and finally, the jet nozzle forging 14 is taken out through a mechanical clamp.

The die for manufacturing the forging of the engine tail nozzle is used for manufacturing a forging structure and size formed by a cylindrical ring blank of the engine tail nozzle after two working procedures of expanding a taper hole and upsetting-extruding, the forging structure and size are closer to the size of parts of the engine tail nozzle, the machining allowance in the later period is small, the difficulty is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, the material consumption is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the performance of a product is also remarkably improved through twice forging and pressing.

It is to be emphasized that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.