阅读说明：本技术 一种竖向无动力引风式好氧快速堆肥装置 (Vertical unpowered induced-draft aerobic rapid composting device ) 是由 陈海滨 苗雨 汪昊 于 2019-12-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种竖向无动力引风式好氧快速堆肥装置,包括由上至下的进料段、堆肥段及出料段,所述进料段上部为仓顶进料口,所述仓顶进料口连接位于其上的无动力引风罩及引风管；所述堆肥段为堆肥仓,所述堆肥仓底部连接单向活动翻板,所述出料段为受料容器,所述受料容器对接所述堆肥仓底部,所述单向活动翻板位于所述受料容器内。所述单向活动翻板上设有通风孔,所述堆肥仓的侧壁开设有导风沟槽,所述无动力引风罩、引风管、堆肥仓的侧壁导风沟槽及单向活动翻板的通风孔组合构成无动力的自引风系统结构。本发明进出料无需动力：进料直接倾入,出料依靠重力及底部单项活动翻板变换位置完成,结构简单,操作方便。(The invention discloses a vertical unpowered induced draft type aerobic rapid composting device which comprises a feeding section, a composting section and a discharging section from top to bottom, wherein the upper part of the feeding section is a bin top feeding hole, and the bin top feeding hole is connected with a unpowered induced draft cover and an induced draft pipe which are positioned on the bin top feeding hole; the composting device comprises a composting section, a discharging section and a composting bin, wherein the composting section is a composting bin, the bottom of the composting bin is connected with a one-way movable turning plate, the discharging section is a material receiving container, the material receiving container is in butt joint with the bottom of the composting bin, and the one-way movable turning plate is located in the material receiving container. The one-way movable turning plate is provided with a vent hole, the side wall of the composting bin is provided with an air guide groove, and the unpowered induced draft cover, the induced draft pipe, the side wall air guide groove of the composting bin and the vent hole of the one-way movable turning plate are combined to form a unpowered self-induced draft system structure. The invention needs no power for feeding and discharging materials: the feeding is directly poured, the discharging is finished by the gravity and the position change of the bottom single movable turning plate, the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.)

1. A vertical unpowered induced draft type aerobic fast composting device comprises a feeding section, a composting section and a discharging section from top to bottom, wherein the upper part of the feeding section is a bin top feeding hole; the composting section is a composting bin, the bottom of the composting bin is connected with a one-way movable turning plate, the discharging section is a material receiving container, the material receiving container is in butt joint with the bottom of the composting bin, and the one-way movable turning plate is positioned in the material receiving container;

the one-way movable turning plate is provided with a vent hole, the side wall of the composting bin is provided with an air guide groove, and the unpowered induced draft cover, the induced draft pipe, the side wall air guide groove of the composting bin and the vent hole of the one-way movable turning plate are combined to form a unpowered self-induced draft system structure.

2. The vertical unpowered induced-draft aerobic fast composting device according to claim 1 wherein the one-way movable flap is connected to a control handle.

3. The vertical unpowered induced aerobic fast composting device according to claim 1 wherein the cross section of the vent holes on the unidirectional movable turning plate is inverted trapezoid.

4. The vertical unpowered induced-draft aerobic fast composting device according to claim 1 wherein the upper part of the unpowered induced-draft hood is connected with an induced-draft pipe, and the lower part of the unpowered induced-draft hood is butted with a bin top feed inlet to form a self-induced-draft oxygen supply system.

5. The vertical unpowered induced-draft aerobic fast composting device according to claim 1 wherein the induced draft tube is a slidable two-section type induced draft tube and is provided with an air throttle valve.

6. The vertical unpowered air-induced aerobic fast composting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air-guiding groove is formed in the side wall of the middle section of the composting bin, and the cross section of the air-guiding groove is triangular or trapezoidal.

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a vertical unpowered induced-air aerobic quick composting device for organic garbage treatment.

[ background of the invention ]

Aerobic composting treatment of various perishable organic wastes (including common household wastes, kitchen wastes, garden wastes and the like) and mixtures thereof is a microbiological process for controllably promoting conversion of degradable organic matters in the wastes into stable humus by utilizing microorganisms such as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and the like widely distributed in the nature. The composted (fermented) products are referred to as compost. According to the different requirements of microorganisms on oxygen in the composting process of perishable organic matters, the composting process can be divided into aerobic and anaerobic processes.

The method can be divided into dynamic composting and static composting according to the state of the composting materials in the reaction system. The static composting process is divided into one-time composting and two-time composting. The one-time composting means that materials are piled up at one position to complete the whole biodegradation process, and the time is at least one month; the two-time composting is that the materials complete two stages of main fermentation/primary fermentation (harmless) and secondary fermentation (decomposition) at different positions, wherein the time of the harmless (high-temperature degradation) stage is generally 7-10 days, the further decomposition lasts for more than 10 days, and the time of the two stages cannot be less than 20 days. One of the main problems of the traditional static composting is that the poor ventilation and nutrient supply conditions lead to a series of problems of unbalanced and slow biodegradation. The basic measure for improving the ventilation conditions is forced ventilation, which in turn leads to increased energy consumption, i.e. increased treatment costs.

To solve the static compost aeration problem, patent CN201320379630.5 uses a ventilation pipe and an induced draft pipe to force induced draft into the compost windrow. But the induced air needs external power equipment such as an induced draft fan and the like. Patent cn201120166436.x "uses the hydrodynamics principle of citation to realize the self-induced draught of device, need not the auxiliary induced draught of power equipment. However, the air inducing effect is limited, and the air inducing amount is insufficient.

[ summary of the invention ]

In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a vertical unpowered induced-draft aerobic fast composting device, which is based on a vertical induced-draft structure of an improved static process, has the function of a dynamic process after the ventilation and oxygen supply effects are enhanced, is suitable for treating various wastes mainly containing perishable organic matters, and has a simple structure and a mature process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a vertical unpowered induced draft type aerobic rapid composting device comprises a feeding section, a composting section and a discharging section from top to bottom, wherein a bin top feeding hole is formed in the upper part of the feeding section; the composting section is a composting bin, the bottom of the composting bin is connected with a one-way movable turning plate, the discharging section is a material receiving container, the material receiving container is in butt joint with the bottom of the composting bin, and the one-way movable turning plate is positioned in the material receiving container;

the one-way movable turning plate is provided with a vent hole, the side wall of the composting bin is provided with an air guide groove, and the unpowered induced draft cover, the induced draft pipe, the side wall air guide groove of the composting bin and the vent hole of the one-way movable turning plate are combined to form a unpowered self-induced draft system structure.

Furthermore, the unidirectional movable turning plate is connected with a control handle, the unidirectional movable turning plate is opened or closed by operating the control handle, and the unidirectional movable turning plate is manually driven and is convenient to operate, maintain and manage.

The cross section of the vent hole arranged on the unidirectional movable turning plate is inverted trapezoidal to prevent blockage.

The lower part of the unpowered induced draft cover is in butt joint with the bin top feeding hole, and the upper part of the unpowered induced draft cover is connected with the induced draft pipe. When feeding, the cover plate of the induced draft cover is moved away or lifted, and the material is dumped. And after the feeding is finished, the air inducing cover is put down to be in butt joint with the feeding hole, so that the self-induced air oxygen supply system is formed.

Furthermore, the induced duct is a slidable two-section induced duct and is provided with an air throttle valve, and the air throttle valve is used for controlling the induced air quantity and regulating the moisture and the temperature in the bin.

Preferably, the outer side surface of the compost bin is further provided with a monitoring hole and a working state observation hole for monitoring and observing process parameters such as temperature and aerobic rate, and the monitoring hole and the working state observation hole are located above the air guide groove.

The wind guide groove is formed in the side wall of the middle section of the compost bin, and the section of the wind guide groove is triangular or trapezoidal, so that air can flow from bottom to top conveniently.

Under the multiple actions of the top air guiding system, the vertical air guiding grooves on the inner wall of the bin and the air holes on the bottom turning plate, air enters the composting bin through the bottom and the side surface and flows from bottom to top, so that the ventilation and oxygen supply conditions are improved, the degradation rate of organic matters is increased, and the composting period is shortened.

The invention has the advantages that the feeding and discharging do not need power: the materials are put into the bin and poured from a top discharge port; the discharging is completed by the gravity and the position change of the single movable turning plate at the bottom. The unloading turning plate is controlled by manpower, and the bottom of the unloading turning plate is closed (the turning plate is in a horizontal state) and depends on manual operation; the bottom opening (the turning plate is in a vertical state) is automatically completed by gravity.

The device has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area, short fermentation period, high treatment efficiency, stable process conditions, no power, energy conservation and emission reduction, and is suitable for treating various perishable organic wastes.

[ description of the drawings ]

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the induced draft pipe and the unpowered induced draft cover.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the unidirectional movable flap and the vent hole of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the closure of the unidirectional movable turnover plate at the bottom of the bin.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the opening structure of the unidirectional movable flap at the bottom of the bin.

In the figure, 1, a feeding section, 2, a composting section, 3, a discharging section, 4, a one-way movable turning plate, 5, a bin top feeding hole, 6, an unpowered induced draft cover, 7, an induced draft pipe, 71, an induced draft pipe fixing section, 72, an induced draft pipe movable section, 8, an air throttle valve, 9, an air guide groove, 10, a ventilation hole, 11, a monitoring hole, 12, a working state observation hole, 13, a sliding door, 14, a sliding rail, 15, a material receiving container, 16, a self-induced draft system structure, 17, a control handle, 18 and a composting bin.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the vertical unpowered induced draft type aerobic fast composting device comprises a feeding section 1, a composting section 2 and a discharging section 3 from top to bottom, wherein a bin top feeding port 5 is arranged at the upper part of the feeding section 1, and the vertical unpowered induced draft type aerobic fast composting device is characterized in that the bin top feeding port 5 is connected with a unpowered induced draft cover 6 and an induced draft pipe 7 which are arranged on the bin top feeding port 5. The composting section 2 is a composting bin 18, the bottom of the composting bin 18 is connected with a one-way movable turning plate 4, the discharging section 3 is a material receiving container 15, the material receiving container 15 is butted with the bottom of the composting bin 18, and the one-way movable turning plate 4 is positioned in the material receiving container 15.

The unidirectional movable turning plate 4 is connected with a control handle 17, the unidirectional movable turning plate 4 is opened or closed by operating the control handle 17, and the unidirectional movable turning plate is driven by manpower, so that the operation, the maintenance and the management are convenient.

The section of the vent hole 10 arranged on the unidirectional movable turning plate 4 is inverted trapezoid to prevent blockage.

Referring to fig. 3, the one-way movable turning plate 4 is provided with a vent hole 10, the side wall of the compost bin 18 is provided with an air guide groove 9, and the unpowered induced draft cover 6, the induced draft pipe 7, the air guide groove 9 and the vent hole 10 are combined together to form a unpowered self-induced draft system structure 16.

The unpowered air inducing mechanism of the self-induced air system structure 16 is derived from a chimney effect formed by the height difference of facilities and components, and the scientific design on the structure and the shape and auxiliary measures such as the air guide groove 9 on the bin wall, the bottom vent hole 10 and the like further strengthen and amplify the ventilation and oxygen supply effects.

Under the multiple action of the top air guide system, the vertical air guide grooves 9 on the inner wall of the bin and the vent holes 10 on the turning plate at the bottom, air enters the composting bin 18 through the bottom and the side surface and flows from bottom to top, so that the ventilation and oxygen supply conditions are improved, the organic matter degradation rate is increased, and the composting period is shortened.

The lower part of the unpowered induced draft cover 6 is in butt joint with the bin top feeding hole 5, and the upper part of the unpowered induced draft cover is connected with the induced draft pipe 7. When feeding, the cover plate of the unpowered induced draft cover 6 is removed or lifted, and the material is dumped. After the feeding is finished, the unpowered induced draft cover 6 is put down to be in butt joint with the feeding hole, and a self-induced draft oxygen supply system is formed.

A monitoring hole 11 and a working state observation hole 12 are arranged on one wall outside the composting bin 18. The monitoring holes 11 and the working state observation holes 12 are positioned above the air guide grooves 9.

The inlet and outlet of the material receiving container 15 are provided with a sliding door 13 and a position on a sliding rail 14 to regulate and control the air inlet amount.

Referring to fig. 2, the induced duct 7 is a slidable two-section induced duct and is divided into an induced duct fixing section 71 and an induced duct moving section 72, and the design enables the induced duct 7 and the unpowered induced hood 6 to be separated, so that the unpowered induced hood 6 can be translated by sliding the induced duct moving section 72 upwards, and the non-working state can be realized.

The induced draft pipe 7 is also provided with an air throttle valve 8 which is used for controlling the induced draft and has the functions of regulating the moisture and the temperature in the bin.

The invention improves the induced air structure, and the chimney effect is formed by lengthening the length of the induced air pipe 7; the inlet air quantity is controllable by arranging the sliding door 13 at the inlet and the outlet of the discharging trolley at the discharging section; the portable operation is realized by changing the integral type of the induced draft system into a structure of a separable induced draft pipe 7 and an unpowered induced draft cover 6.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the aerobic composting device designed by the invention needs no power for feeding and discharging materials: the materials are put into the bin and poured from a top discharge port; the discharging is completed by the gravity and the position change of the bottom one-way movable turning plate 4. The discharging turning plates are controlled by manpower, and the bottom of the discharging turning plate is closed (the unidirectional movable turning plate 4 is in a horizontal state) and depends on manual operation; the bottom opening (the one-way movable turning plate 4 is in a vertical state) is automatically completed by gravity.

The invention uses the chimney effect formed by the height difference of the structures and the parts, and the auxiliary measures of the air guide grooves, the air vents and the like to strengthen the ventilation and oxygen supply effects and ensure that the interior of the bin is kept in a proper aerobic state. The fermentation device has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area, short fermentation period, high treatment efficiency, stable process conditions, no power, energy conservation and emission reduction, and is suitable for treating various perishable organic wastes.

The device has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area, short fermentation period, high treatment efficiency, stable process conditions, good sealing performance, obvious energy-saving and emission-reducing effects, convenient control and management, and is particularly suitable for rural areas with independent geographic unit conditions and poor transportation conditions and occasions for dispersedly building small (1-3 tons/day) compost treatment facilities. The classification system is advanced in villages and towns with actual population 3000 + 10000 people, and then the sorted perishable garbage can be treated in situ/nearby by adopting the invention.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.