阅读说明：本技术 一种燃料电池汽车的驱动助力系统及燃料电池汽车 (Driving power-assisted system of fuel cell automobile and fuel cell automobile ) 是由 胡志林 付磊 张昶 张天强 杨钫 王燕 刘力源 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种燃料电池汽车的驱动助力系统及燃料电池汽车。该驱动助力系统包括：有机朗肯循环回路、传动机构和控制器；有机朗肯循环回路通过传动机构与燃料电池汽车的驱动电机连接；控制器,与有机朗肯循环回路连接,用于控制有机朗肯循环回路产生助力扭矩；有机朗肯循环回路,用于在所述控制器的控制下,根据所述燃料电池汽车中燃料电堆释放的热能产生助力扭矩；传动机构,用于将所述助力扭矩传递给所述驱动电机,用以为燃料电池汽车的驱动系统助力,提升了整车能量利用率。(The invention discloses a driving power assisting system of a fuel cell automobile and the fuel cell automobile. This drive helping hand system includes: an organic Rankine cycle loop, a transmission mechanism and a controller; the organic Rankine cycle loop is connected with a driving motor of the fuel cell automobile through a transmission mechanism; the controller is connected with the organic Rankine cycle circuit and is used for controlling the organic Rankine cycle circuit to generate power-assisted torque; an organic Rankine cycle circuit for generating an assist torque according to heat energy released from a fuel cell stack in the fuel cell vehicle under the control of the controller; and the transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the power-assisted torque to the driving motor so as to assist the driving system of the fuel cell automobile and improve the energy utilization rate of the whole automobile.)

1. A drive assist system for a fuel cell vehicle, comprising: an organic Rankine cycle loop, a transmission mechanism and a controller;

the organic Rankine cycle loop is connected with a driving motor of the fuel cell automobile through the transmission mechanism;

the controller is connected with the organic Rankine cycle circuit and is used for controlling the organic Rankine cycle circuit to generate power-assisted torque;

the organic Rankine cycle loop is used for generating power-assisted torque according to heat energy released by a fuel electric stack in the fuel cell automobile under the control of the controller;

the transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the assisting torque to the driving motor.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism is a clutch.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein a driving disk of the clutch is fixedly connected with a mechanical output shaft of an expander in the orc circuit, and a driven disk of the clutch is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of the driving motor.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the controller is further configured to control engagement and disengagement of the driving disk and the driven disk.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the transmission is a fixed ratio gear through which a mechanical output shaft of an expander in the orc circuit is coupled to the drive motor.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism is a bearing, and wherein a mechanical output shaft of an expander in the orc circuit is coupled to the drive motor via the bearing.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the orc loop comprises: the system comprises an organic working medium pump, a heat exchanger, a first three-way valve, an expander, an organic working medium pipeline, a condenser and a condensing fan;

the organic working medium pump, the heat exchanger, the expander and the condenser are connected in series through the organic working medium pipeline, an inlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the heat exchanger, a first outlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the expander, and a second port of the first three-way valve is connected with the condenser;

and the condensing fan is matched with the condenser and used for condensing the organic working medium in the condenser according to the cooling air volume requirement.

8. A fuel cell vehicle characterized by comprising the drive assist system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 8, further comprising: the system comprises a differential, a transmission, a driving motor, an inverter, a high-voltage battery, a fuel electric pile, a cooling working medium pump, a second three-way valve and a cooling working medium pipeline;

the fuel electric pile is respectively and electrically connected with the high-voltage battery and the inverter;

the fuel cell stack, the cooling working medium pump, the second three-way valve and the heat exchanger are connected in series through the cooling working medium pipeline, an inlet of the second three-way valve is connected with a cooling working medium outlet of the fuel cell stack, a first outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with the heat exchanger, and a second outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with the cooling working medium inlet of the fuel cell stack;

the driving motor is connected with the speed changer through a mechanical connecting shaft and is used for generating mechanical torque according to alternating current output by the inverter and outputting the mechanical torque to the speed changer;

the transmission is connected with the differential and used for adjusting the mechanical torque according to the speed ratios of different gears and outputting the adjusted mechanical torque to the differential;

and the differential is used for driving wheels of the fuel cell automobile to rotate according to the mechanical torque output by the transmission.

10. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 8, further comprising: the fuel cell stack, the driving motor, the inverter and the high-voltage battery;

the fuel electric pile is electrically connected with the high-voltage battery and is used for outputting first electric energy to the high-voltage battery;

the driving motor is electrically connected with the inverter and used for outputting alternating current to the inverter;

the inverter is electrically connected with the high-voltage battery and used for converting the alternating current into direct current to obtain second electric energy and outputting the second electric energy to the high-voltage battery.

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the automobile technology, in particular to a driving power assisting system of a fuel cell automobile and the fuel cell automobile.

Background

At present, under the background of energy and environmental crisis, automobile enterprises in all countries around the world are greatly promoting the research and development of new energy automobiles. The fuel cell automobile has the advantages of zero emission and low noise, and has the advantages of high fuel energy density and short filling time compared with an electric automobile.

A fuel cell vehicle is a vehicle using electric power generated by an on-vehicle fuel cell device as power. It uses high-purity hydrogen as fuel, and makes it produce chemical reaction with oxygen in air in fuel cell reactor to produce electric energy as power source for driving motor. In the fuel cell reactor of the existing fuel cell automobile, the energy conversion efficiency of converting chemical energy into electric energy is only between 50% and 60%, and the rest energy is converted into heat energy. The fuel cell reactor has high requirement on the working temperature, and in order to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the fuel cell reactor, the waste heat of the chemical reaction in the fuel cell reactor needs to be discharged, the waste heat is mainly conveyed to an external radiator through circulating cooling water to be discharged, and the energy is not effectively utilized, so that the economic efficiency of the whole vehicle is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a driving assistance system of a fuel cell automobile and the fuel cell automobile, which are used for recycling waste heat released by a fuel cell stack and improving the energy utilization rate of the whole automobile.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a driving assistance system for a fuel cell vehicle, including: an organic Rankine cycle loop, a transmission mechanism and a controller;

the organic Rankine cycle loop is connected with a driving motor of the fuel cell automobile through the transmission mechanism;

the controller is connected with the organic Rankine cycle circuit and is used for controlling the organic Rankine cycle circuit to generate power-assisted torque;

the organic Rankine cycle loop is used for generating power-assisted torque according to heat energy released by a fuel electric stack in the fuel cell automobile under the control of the controller;

the transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the assisting torque to the driving motor.

In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention further provides a fuel cell vehicle, including the driving power assisting system of the fuel cell vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides a driving power-assisted system scheme of a fuel cell automobile, waste heat discharged by a fuel cell reactor of the fuel cell automobile is recycled and converted into power-assisted torque through an organic Rankine cycle loop, and the power-assisted torque is transmitted to a driving motor through a transmission mechanism so as to assist the driving system of the fuel cell automobile and improve the energy utilization rate of the whole automobile.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assistance system of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assistance system of another fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assist system of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the assist system includes: the organic Rankine cycle system comprises an organic Rankine cycle circuit, a transmission mechanism and a controller. Illustratively, the organic Rankine cycle circuit is connected with a driving motor of the fuel cell automobile through the transmission mechanism. The controller is connected with the organic Rankine cycle circuit and used for controlling the organic Rankine cycle circuit to generate power-assisted torque. The organic Rankine cycle loop is used for generating power-assisted torque according to heat energy released by a fuel electric stack in the fuel cell automobile under the control of the controller; the transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the assisting torque to the driving motor.

The fuel cell stack is formed by stacking and combining a plurality of single cells in a series connection mode. The single cell is composed of a bipolar plate and a membrane electrode (MEA-catalyst, proton exchange membrane, carbon paper/carbon cloth). And sealing elements are embedded among the monomers, and the monomers are tightly pressed by the front end plate and the rear end plate and then are fastened and fastened by screws to form the fuel cell reactor, which can also be called as a fuel electric stack. In the embodiment of the invention, one end of the cooling working medium entering the fuel electric pile can be called as a cooling working medium inlet of the fuel electric pile, and correspondingly, one end of the cooling working medium flowing out of the fuel electric pile is called as a cooling working medium outlet of the fuel electric pile.

The controller can be used as an independent vehicle controller or a sub-model of the vehicle controller and is used for monitoring signals of the mechanical control unit and the hydraulic control unit and implementing working process control of each loop. Each circuit comprises an electric circuit loop, an organic Rankine cycle loop and a fuel cell stack cooling loop. For example, a control matrix is set in advance, a specific control matrix is selected based on the obtained signals of the mechanical control unit and the hydraulic control unit, and the operation of each circuit is controlled by the selected specific control matrix.

Wherein the organic Rankine cycle circuit includes: the system comprises an organic working medium pump, a heat exchanger, a first three-way valve, an expander, an organic working medium pipeline, a condenser and a condensing fan. The organic working medium pump, the heat exchanger, the expander and the condenser are connected in series through an organic working medium pipeline, an inlet of a first three-way valve is connected with the heat exchanger, a first outlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the expander, and a second outlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the condenser; and the condensing fan is matched with the condenser and used for condensing the organic working medium in the condenser according to the cooling air volume requirement.

The heat exchanger included in the organic rankine cycle is also connected to the fuel cell stack cooling circuit, so that heat exchange between the residual heat of the fuel cell stack and the organic rankine cycle circuit can be realized, and the heat to be dissipated by the fuel cell stack is transferred to the organic rankine cycle circuit. And the organic Rankine cycle loop is used for generating power-assisted torque according to the heat energy released by the fuel electric stack in the fuel cell automobile under the control of the controller. For example, in the organic rankine cycle, the organic working medium pump 161 can realize the stable circulation and pressure boosting of the working medium in the organic cycle, the boosted liquid organic working medium is delivered to the heat exchanger 162 to exchange heat with the waste heat from the fuel cell stack cooling circuit, the waste heat in the fuel cell stack cooling circuit is transferred to the organic rankine cycle, and the organic working medium undergoes a phase change effect and is converted from a high-pressure liquid state to a high-pressure gaseous state. The first three-way valve 163 realizes different flow directions of the organic working medium according to different application scenarios, and the organic working medium can flow to the expander 165 through the pipeline 164a or flow to the orc condenser 166 through the pipeline 164 b. The expander 165 is a device which outputs rotary mechanical work by means of high-pressure gas drive and converts the high-pressure gas into low-pressure gas, high-pressure gaseous working medium expands in the expander and becomes low-pressure gas to do work to drive the expander 165 to output rotary mechanical work, and mechanical torque output by the expander 165 is transmitted to the drive motor 153 by a mechanical output shaft for motor drive assistance. The clutch 154 is arranged between the expander 165 and the driving motor 153, a driving disc of the clutch 154 is connected with a mechanical output shaft of the expander 165, a driven disc of the clutch 154 is connected with a driving shaft of the driving motor 153, and the driving disc and the driven disc of the clutch 154 are controlled to be combined and disconnected, so that the motor driving assisting power of the expander 165 can be started and stopped. The condenser 166 can dissipate heat of low-pressure gas flowing through the condenser by external air convection, thereby realizing a phase change process of the low-pressure organic working medium from a gas state to a liquid state. The condensing fan 167 can realize different air volume adjustment of the condenser and control the condensing process of the organic working medium. The working medium pump 161 further boosts the low-pressure liquid state to realize working medium flow in the organic rankine cycle loop.

The fuel cell stack 171 uses high-purity hydrogen as fuel and chemically reacts with oxygen in the air to generate electric energy. The electric power may be output to a high voltage battery or directly to the inverter 182. The inverter can convert direct current into alternating current and can also convert alternating current into direct current. The direct current output from the fuel cell stack 171 is converted into alternating current by an inverter and output to the front axle drive motor 153 to perform work. The front axle drive motor 153 receives ac power output from the inverter, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and outputs rotational torque. Mechanical energy is transmitted to the speed changer by a mechanical connecting shaft, and the speed changer adjusts the magnitude of an output torque value through the speed ratio change of different gears. The differential receives the torque from the transmission and drives the left wheel and the right wheel on the driving shaft of the whole vehicle to rotate at different rotating speeds, so that the smooth running and steering of the whole vehicle are realized. It should be noted that the transmission ratio of the vehicle is also called speed ratio, which is the ratio of the rotation speeds of the front and rear transmission mechanisms of the transmission device in the vehicle transmission system. The transmission ratios of the vehicle drive train are of two types, namely the ratio of the main transmission and the ratio of the transmission. In the same vehicle type, the speed ratio of the main transmission is a constant value, and the speed ratio of the transmission also has different values according to different gears.

The fuel electric pile 171 in the fuel cell electric pile cooling loop converts 40-50% of energy into heat energy in the process of generating electric energy through chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and releases the heat energy in the form of waste heat. The mixture of glycol and water is often used as a cooling working medium for waste heat transfer, and is operated by the working medium pump 172 to realize the loop circulation of the cooling working medium. According to the temperature of the cooling working medium at the cooling working medium outlet of the fuel cell stack, whether the fuel cell stack has a cooling requirement is judged, the flow direction of the cooling working medium is controlled by the second three-way valve 173, and the cooling medium of the fuel cell stack can be controlled to flow to the heat exchanger 162 through the pipeline 174a or flow to the cooling medium inlet of the fuel cell stack through the pipeline 174b by controlling the opening and closing of the outlet of the second three-way valve 173, so that the heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack through the heat exchanger or the self-circulation mode without passing through the heat exchanger 162 is. The heat exchanger 162 can realize heat exchange between the residual heat of the fuel cell stack and the organic Rankine cycle circuit, and transfer heat dissipated by the fuel cell stack to the organic Rankine cycle circuit.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism is a clutch. For example, a driving disk of the clutch is fixedly connected with a mechanical output shaft of an expander in the organic rankine cycle, and a driven disk of the clutch is fixedly connected with a driving shaft of a driving motor. When the clutch between the expander 165 and the driving motor 153 is in a coupled state, the mechanical torque output by the expander 165 is transmitted to the driving disk of the clutch by the mechanical output shaft and transmitted to the driven disk by the driving disk, so as to be superimposed on the driving torque of the driving motor for assisting the driving of the motor.

It should be noted that the controller is used for controlling the attraction and separation of the driving disk and the driven disk. For example, the clutch is arranged between the expander and the driving motor, a driving disc of the clutch is connected with a mechanical output shaft of the expander, a driven disc of the clutch is connected with a driving shaft of the driving motor, and the driving disc and the driven disc of the clutch are controlled to be combined and disconnected through the controller, so that the opening and closing of the motor driving assisting force of the expander can be realized.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism is a gear with a fixed speed ratio, and a mechanical output shaft of the expansion machine in the organic rankine cycle is connected with the driving motor through the gear. Or the transmission mechanism is a bearing, and a mechanical output shaft of the expander in the organic Rankine cycle loop is connected with the driving motor through the bearing. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assistance system of another fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, a gear or bearing 251 is shown between the drive motor and the expander. When the booster system is in operation, the mechanical work output from the expander 165 is directly transferred to the drive motor 153 via a gear or an intermediate connecting shaft. When the booster system does not operate, the first three-way valve 163 controls the working fluid to flow through the pipe 164b to the condenser 166, thereby bypassing the expander 165, and the driving motor 153 drives the expander 165 to idle, thereby causing a problem of energy loss.

According to the technical scheme, waste heat discharged by a pile system of the fuel cell automobile is recycled and converted into the boosting torque through the organic Rankine cycle loop, and the boosting torque is transmitted to the driving motor through the transmission mechanism so as to assist the driving system of the fuel cell automobile and improve the energy utilization rate of the whole automobile.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the embodiment of the invention also provides a fuel cell automobile. Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the fuel cell vehicle includes: the system comprises a complete vehicle mechanical connection structure, a circuit loop, an organic Rankine cycle loop and a fuel cell stack cooling loop.

Wherein, the circuit loop includes: a fuel cell stack 171, a high voltage battery 181, an inverter 182, and a front axle drive motor 153.

The organic rankine cycle circuit includes: an organic working medium pump 161, a heat exchanger 162, a first three-way valve 163, an expander 165, a condenser 166, a condensing fan 167 and a required organic working medium connecting pipeline.

The fuel cell stack cooling circuit includes: the fuel cell stack 171, the cooling medium pump 172, the second three-way valve 173, the heat exchanger 162 and the required cooling medium connecting pipeline.

Whole car mechanical connection structure includes: left front wheel 110, right front wheel 120, left rear wheel 130, right rear wheel 140, front axle differential 151, transmission 152, front axle drive motor 153, inverter 182, and clutch 154. Illustratively, the fuel cell stack 171 is electrically connected to the high-voltage battery 181 and the inverter 182, respectively; the fuel cell stack 171, the cooling working medium pump 172, the second three-way valve 173 and the heat exchanger 162 are connected in series through a cooling working medium pipeline, an inlet of the second three-way valve 173 is connected with a cooling working medium outlet of the fuel cell stack 171, a first outlet of the second three-way valve 173 is connected with the heat exchanger 162, and a second outlet of the second three-way valve 173 is connected with a cooling working medium inlet of the fuel cell stack 171.

The front axle drive motor 153 is connected to the transmission 152 through a mechanical connection shaft, and serves to generate a mechanical torque from the alternating current output from the inverter 182 and output the mechanical torque to the transmission 152. It should be noted that the driving form corresponding to the driving power assisting system of the fuel cell vehicle can be realized in various forms according to the requirements, including a forward driving mode, a backward driving mode and a four-driving mode. The present invention is in a precursor form for ease of illustration. Accordingly, the driving motor in the driving assistance system may be a front axle driving motor. Further, the differential may be a front axle differential.

The transmission 152 is connected to the front axle differential 151, and is configured to adjust mechanical torque according to a speed ratio of different gears and output the adjusted mechanical torque to the front axle differential 151. And a front axle differential 151 for driving the wheels of the fuel cell vehicle to rotate according to the mechanical torque output from the transmission 152.

Alternatively, the fuel cell stack 171 is electrically connected to the high-voltage battery 181, and is configured to output the first electric power to the high-voltage battery 181. The front axle drive motor 153 is electrically connected to the inverter 182 for outputting alternating current to the inverter 182. The inverter 182 is electrically connected to the high-voltage battery 181, and is configured to convert ac power into dc power to obtain second electric power, and output the second electric power to the high-voltage battery 181.

From the perspective of driving conditions, the cold start condition, the fuel cell stack driving condition, the organic Rankine cycle driving assistance condition, the parking charging condition and the like of the fuel cell automobile can be realized.

For example, in the case that the external ambient temperature is low (for example, lower than a preset temperature threshold), if the fuel cell vehicle is started, the fuel cell vehicle enters a cold start condition. Under the working condition of cold start, the fuel cell stack cannot output effective driving power, the high-voltage battery 181 serves as a power source of the whole vehicle and outputs high-voltage direct current to the inverter 182, the direct current is converted into alternating current through the inverter 182 and is output to the driving motor 153, and the driving motor 153 generates rotary mechanical energy and outputs the rotary mechanical energy to a driving shaft of the whole vehicle through the transmission 152 and the differential 151 so as to provide power for the whole vehicle. At this time, the orc circuit does not operate, the second three-way valve 173 controls the cooling medium to flow into the fuel cell stack through the pipe 174b, and the fuel cell stack cooling circuit realizes self-circulation without waste heat output. The clutch between the expander 165 and the drive motor 153 is in an open state.

Under the condition that the external environment temperature is high (for example, greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold), if the fuel cell vehicle is started, the fuel cell vehicle enters a normal starting working condition.

Illustratively, on the basis of cold start of the fuel cell automobile, the temperature of the fuel cell stack gradually rises but is still lower than the optimal working temperature range, and the fuel cell stack enters the driving working condition. At this time, the organic Rankine cycle loop does not work, the second three-way valve 173 controls the cooling working medium of the fuel cell stack to flow into the fuel cell stack through the pipeline 174b, the cooling loop of the fuel cell stack realizes self-circulation, and no waste heat is output. The clutch between the expander 165 and the drive motor 153 is in an open state. Under the working condition, the fuel cell stack 171 can output electric energy outwards, if the output electric energy can meet the driving power requirement of the whole vehicle, the fuel cell stack 171 performs chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate direct current, the direct current is output to the inverter 182 to be converted into alternating current and output to the driving motor 153, and the driving motor 153 generates rotating mechanical energy and outputs the rotating mechanical energy to a driving shaft of the whole vehicle through the transmission 152 and the differential 151 to provide power for the whole vehicle. If the output electric energy can not meet the driving power requirement of the whole vehicle, the fuel cell stack 171 performs a chemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to generate direct current, the high-voltage battery 181 outputs electric energy to supplement the output electric energy of the fuel cell stack 171, the two are output together to the inverter 182 to be converted into alternating current, the alternating current is output to the driving motor 153, the driving motor 153 generates rotary mechanical energy, and the rotary mechanical energy is output to a driving shaft of the whole vehicle through the transmission 152 and the differential 151 to provide power for the whole vehicle.

Illustratively, as the temperature of the fuel cell stack continues to rise, when the temperature exceeds the optimal working temperature range, the organic Rankine cycle driving power assisting working condition is entered. At this time, the waste heat of the fuel cell stack needs to be dissipated to ensure that the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is stable, and the second three-way valve 173 controls the cooling medium to flow into the heat exchanger 162 through the pipeline 174 a. At the moment, the organic Rankine cycle loop starts to work, the organic working medium pump 161 boosts the organic working medium in the organic Rankine cycle loop, the boosted liquid organic working medium is conveyed to the heat exchanger 162 to exchange heat with the waste heat from the fuel cell stack cooling loop, the waste heat in the fuel cell stack cooling loop is transferred to the organic Rankine cycle loop, the organic working medium has a phase change effect, and the organic working medium is converted from a high-pressure liquid state to a high-pressure gaseous state. The high pressure gaseous working medium flows through the expander 165, expands in the expander, becomes low pressure gas to do work, and drives the expander to output rotary mechanical work. At this time, the clutch between the expander 165 and the drive motor 153 is in an engaged state. The mechanical torque output by the expander 165 is transmitted by the mechanical output shaft to the clutch driving disk and transmitted by the driving disk to the driven disk, so as to be superposed with the driving torque of the driving motor for motor driving assistance. The organic low-pressure gaseous working medium flowing out of the expander 165 flows through the condenser 166, and low-pressure gas flowing through the condenser 166 is radiated by convection with outside cooling air, so that the phase change process of the low-pressure organic working medium from gaseous state to liquid state is realized. And according to the requirement of cooling air volume, the condensing fan 167 is adjusted to control the condensing process of the organic working medium. There are various ways to determine the required amount of cooling air, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, the required amount of cooling air may be determined according to the temperature of the cooling medium at the cooling medium inlet of the fuel cell stack 171, and further, the rotation speed of the condensing fan 167 may be controlled. The working medium pump 161 further boosts the low-pressure liquid state to realize working medium flow in the rankine cycle loop.

Illustratively, in the charging condition during parking, the electric quantity of the high-voltage battery 181 is lower than a certain value, and the fuel cell stack 171 performs a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate direct current to charge the high-voltage battery. When the temperature of the fuel cell stack 171 exceeds the optimum operating temperature range, the waste heat of the fuel cell stack needs to be dissipated to ensure the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack to be stable, and the second three-way valve 173 controls the cooling medium to flow into the heat exchanger 162 through the pipeline 174 a. At this time, the organic rankine cycle starts to work, the organic working medium pump 161 boosts the organic working medium in the organic rankine cycle, the boosted liquid organic working medium is delivered to the heat exchanger 162 to exchange heat with the waste heat from the fuel cell stack cooling loop, the waste heat in the fuel cell stack cooling loop is transferred to the organic rankine cycle, the organic working medium undergoes a phase change effect, the high-pressure liquid state is converted into a high-pressure gas state, and the first three-way valve 163 controls the organic working medium to flow through the pipeline 164a and flow to the expander 165. The high pressure gaseous working medium expands in the expander 165 to become low pressure gas to do work, driving the expander to output rotary mechanical work. The clutch between the expander 165 and the drive motor 153 is in an engaged state at this time. The mechanical torque output by the expander 165 is transmitted to the clutch driving disk by the mechanical output shaft, transmitted to the driven disk by the driving disk, and transmitted to the driving motor by the driven disk, and at this time, the driving motor works as a generator, and the generated alternating current is converted into direct current by the inverter 182, is superposed with the electric energy output by the fuel cell stack 171, and is output to the high-voltage battery 181 to charge the high-voltage battery. When the electric quantity of the high-voltage battery 181 is higher than a certain value and the fuel cell stack stops working without charging, in order to ensure that the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack is uniform and local high temperature is not generated, the cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is controlled to continue to operate for a period of time, and meanwhile, the organic Rankine cycle still participates in working, the first three-way valve 163 controls the organic working medium to flow to the condenser 166 through the pipeline 164b and not pass through the expander 165, so that the waste heat transfer of the fuel cell stack is realized, the resistance of the organic Rankine cycle circuit can be reduced by the control mode, and the working life of the expander is prolonged.

The fuel cell automobile provided by the embodiment of the invention can recycle the waste heat of the fuel cell stack, is used for driving assistance or charging a high-voltage battery, and improves the energy utilization rationality.

It should be noted that the inverter, the driving motor and the transmission may be designed separately, that is, the inverter, the driving motor and the transmission are all independent components. Alternatively, at least two of the inverter, the drive motor, and the transmission may be integrally designed to save the arrangement space. For example, the drive motor and the transmission may be designed integrally. Or the inverter and the driving motor are designed in an integrated mode. Or the inverter, the driving motor and the transmission are designed integrally.

It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.