阅读说明：本技术 一种吸热系统及太阳能热发电系统 (Heat absorption system and solar thermal power generation system ) 是由 谭建平 易富兴 宓霄凌 李晓波 毛永夫 于 2018-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种吸热系统,其包括：颗粒吸热器；颗粒放料仓,设置于所述颗粒吸热器的上方,用于向所述颗粒吸热器提供固体储热颗粒；所述颗粒放料仓内设置有均流管,所述均流管使得进入所述颗粒吸热器内的固体储热颗粒分散为固体储热颗粒帘幕；高温颗粒储存仓,设置于所述颗粒吸热器的下方,用于存储被所述颗粒吸热器加热的所述固体储热颗粒；换热器,设置于所述高温颗粒储存仓的下方,以将所述固体储热颗粒存储的热量转移至所述换热器中的吸热工质中；低温颗粒储存仓,设置于所述换热器的下方,用于存储自所述换热器中排出的所述固体储热颗粒；颗粒提升装置。(The invention discloses a heat absorption system, which comprises: a particulate heat absorber; the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber; a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharging bin, and the flow equalizing pipe enables solid heat storage particles entering the particle heat absorber to be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain; the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber; the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger; the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger; a particle lifting device.)

1. A heat absorption system, comprising:

a particulate heat absorber;

the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber; a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharging bin, and the flow equalizing pipe enables solid heat storage particles entering the particle heat absorber to be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain;

the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber;

the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger;

the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger;

particle hoisting device, particle hoisting device's one end with the solid heat-retaining granule export intercommunication in low temperature granule storage storehouse, the other end with solid heat-retaining granule entry intercommunication on the granule blowing storehouse, with will solid heat-retaining granule in the low temperature granule storage storehouse shifts to in the granule blowing storehouse.

2. The heat absorption system of claim 1 wherein the particulate heat absorber comprises a hollow heat absorption chamber assembled from at least two heat absorption chamber units connected in series with each other in height;

the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit;

and a solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between every two adjacent heat absorption cavity units, and a flow equalizing pipe is arranged at the joint of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device and the first connecting hole on the heat absorption cavity unit positioned at the lower part of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device.

3. The heat sink system of claim 2, wherein the first communication hole is an elongated slit.

4. The heat absorbing system according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the heat absorbing chamber units is provided at a top thereof with at least two first communication holes.

5. The heat absorbing system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first communication holes at the top of the heat absorbing chamber unit are parallel to each other and gradually distant from the light receiving opening.

6. A heat absorbing system as set forth in claim 2, wherein the angle between the plane of the light receiving opening and the horizontal plane is from 30 ° to 90 °.

7. A heat absorbing system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transverse cross section of the back surface of the heat absorbing cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or a combination of the arc-shaped and the fold-shaped, and the inner side wall of the back surface of the heat absorbing cavity unit is provided with a high temperature resistant light reflecting layer.

8. An endothermic system according to claim 2, characterized in that said solid heat storage particle speed reduction means is a solid particle pre-mixer which decelerates and mixes evenly said solid heat storage particles from said endothermic chamber unit above said solid particle pre-mixer.

9. The heat absorption system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a particle flow distribution device is disposed at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the particle flow distribution device enables the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device to uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit along each first through hole disposed at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle shunting device is connected with the flow equalizing pipe.

10. A heat absorption system according to claim 9, wherein the particle diversion device comprises at least two particle diversion pipes, each particle diversion pipe is provided with a flow adjustment device, the flow adjustment device adjusts the flow velocity of the solid heat storage particles in each particle diversion pipe, and each particle diversion pipe is connected with a corresponding flow equalization pipe.

11. A solar thermal power generation system, characterized in that a heat absorption system according to any one of claims 1-10 is provided.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a heat absorption system and a solar thermal power generation system.

Background

The heat absorber is core equipment of the tower-type solar photothermal power station, heats the heat storage medium in the heat absorber by absorbing solar energy reflected by the heliostat, further converts the solar energy into heat energy, and further heats the water working medium in the heat exchanger by utilizing the energy stored by the heat storage medium to generate steam with preset temperature so as to drive the steam turbine and drive the generator to generate electricity.

The heat absorbers adopted by the existing tower type solar thermal power plant are generally a molten salt heat absorber, a water working medium heat absorber, a heat conducting oil heat absorber and the like, and the heat storage media corresponding to the heat absorbers are respectively nitrates (60 percent NaNO)₃And 40% KNO₃) Water and heat transfer oil, etc., which have relatively low heat absorption temperatures, severely limiting the thermoelectric efficiency at the back end of the solar thermal power plant.

In order to improve the heat storage temperature of the heat storage medium, researchers find that when solid heat storage particles such as ceramic particles or sand grains are used as the heat storage medium, the heat storage temperature can reach about 1000 ℃, and the hot spot efficiency at the rear end of a solar thermal power plant can be greatly improved. In order to fully utilize the heat storage characteristics of solid heat storage particles, particle heat absorbers suitable for using solid heat storage particles as heat storage media have been developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a heat absorption system, wherein a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in a particle discharging bin, so that solid heat storage particles entering a heat absorption cavity unit can be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain, and the falling speed of the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity of a particle heat absorber can be effectively reduced by arranging a plurality of heat absorption cavity units and matching with a solid heat storage particle speed reducing device, so that the time of the solid heat storage particles receiving illumination in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is improved; in addition, according to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of first through holes, the plurality of layers of solid heat storage particle curtains are formed in the heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber, and when the ambient wind speed around the particle heat absorber is high, the disturbance of the wind speed to the solid heat storage particle curtains can be reduced by starting or stopping one or more solid heat storage particle curtains, so that the solid heat storage particles are prevented from being blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind.

In a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a heat absorption system comprising:

a particulate heat absorber;

the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber; a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharging bin, and the flow equalizing pipe enables solid heat storage particles entering the particle heat absorber to be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain;

the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber;

the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger;

the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger;

particle hoisting device, particle hoisting device's one end with the solid heat-retaining granule export intercommunication in low temperature granule storage storehouse, the other end with solid heat-retaining granule entry intercommunication on the granule blowing storehouse, with will solid heat-retaining granule in the low temperature granule storage storehouse shifts to in the granule blowing storehouse.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system of the present invention, the particle heat absorber includes a hollow heat absorption cavity, and the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units connected in series in the height direction;

the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit;

and a solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between every two adjacent heat absorption cavity units, and a flow equalizing pipe is arranged at the joint of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device and the first connecting hole on the heat absorption cavity unit positioned at the lower part of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device.

As an improvement of the heat absorbing system of the present invention, the first through hole is a long and narrow slit.

As an improvement of the heat absorbing system of the present invention, at least two first communication holes are provided on the top of at least one of the heat absorbing chamber units.

As an improvement of the heat absorbing system of the present invention, the first through holes at the top of the heat absorbing cavity unit are parallel to each other and gradually distant from the light receiving opening.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system, the included angle between the plane of the light receiving opening and the horizontal plane is 30-90 degrees.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system, the transverse section of the backlight surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or the combination of the arc-shaped and the fold-shaped, and the inner side wall of the backlight surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a high-temperature-resistant light reflecting layer.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system of the present invention, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is a solid particle pre-mixer, and the solid particle pre-mixer decelerates and uniformly mixes the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity unit above the solid particle pre-mixer.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system, a particle shunt device is arranged at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the particle shunt device can enable the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device to uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit along each first through hole arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle shunting device is connected with the flow equalizing pipe.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system of the present invention, the particle diversion device includes at least two particle diversion pipelines, each particle diversion pipeline is provided with a flow rate adjustment device, the flow rate adjustment device adjusts the flow rate of the solid heat storage particles in each particle diversion pipeline, and each particle diversion pipeline is connected to a corresponding flow equalizing pipe.

In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a solar thermal power generation system provided with a heat absorption system as described in any one of the above.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the particle discharging device, the flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharging bin of the heat absorption system, the first through holes are preferably combined to be arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit and are arranged in parallel and are gradually far away from the light receiving opening, and when the wind speed in the surrounding environment of the particle heat absorber is high, one or more layers of solid heat storage particle curtains close to the light receiving opening can be reduced or closed, so that the risk that solid heat storage particles are blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind can be effectively reduced; moreover, gaps are formed among the solid heat storage particles in each layer of curtain, when sunlight irradiates on the curtain, partial sunlight penetrates through the gaps among the solid heat storage particles and reaches the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity, so that the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity is required to have higher high temperature resistance, and the incident sunlight can be absorbed for multiple times by arranging the multiple layers of curtains, so that the utilization rate of the solar energy can be improved, the requirement on the high temperature resistance of the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity unit can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the particle heat absorber is reduced;

2. according to the particle heat absorber, the heat absorption cavity in the particle heat absorber is provided with the multi-stage heat absorption cavity units, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between the two adjacent stages of heat absorption cavity units, when the particle heat absorber is used, solid heat storage particles start to fall freely after entering the heat absorption cavity, and when the solid heat storage particles reach the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, the speed of the solid heat storage particles is reduced, so that the retention time of the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the solid heat storage particles can have sufficient time to absorb solar energy;

3. when the solid heat storage particles fall to the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, the solid heat storage particles can be premixed, and the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is uniform.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat absorption system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat absorption chamber unit of the embodiment of the present invention along the direction a-a shown in fig. 4-7;

fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat absorbing chamber unit along an extending direction of a first communication hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of one embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of another embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a top view of yet another implementation of a heat absorption chamber unit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of yet another embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the elements corresponding to the reference numbers in the figures are: the particle heat storage device comprises a 1-particle discharge bin, a 2-heat absorption cavity unit, a 3-solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, a 4-high-temperature particle storage bin, a 5-heat exchanger, a 6-low-temperature particle storage bin, a 7-particle lifting device, an 8-flow regulating device, a 9-particle flow distribution pipeline, a 10-particle flow distribution device, a 11-particle curtain layer, a 12-light receiving opening, a 13-flow equalizing pipe, a 14-heat absorption cavity unit backlight surface, a 15-particle heat absorber and a 16-first communication hole.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In practice, the invention will be understood to cover all modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims.