阅读说明：本技术 一种颗粒吸热器及包含其的吸热系统、太阳能热发电系统 (Particle heat absorber, heat absorbing system comprising same and solar thermal power generation system ) 是由 谭建平 易富兴 宓霄凌 李建华 毛永夫 于 2018-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种颗粒吸热器及包含其的吸热系统、太阳能热发电系统,所述颗粒吸热器包括：中空的吸热腔,所述吸热腔由至少两个在高度方向上相互串联的吸热腔单元组合而成；每个所述吸热腔单元的顶部设置有至少一个允许固体储热颗粒进入该吸热腔单元内的第一连通孔,每个所述吸热腔单元的底部设置有允许所述固体储热颗粒自该吸热腔单元内排出的第二连通孔；每个所述吸热腔单元的侧面设置有至少一个光线接收口,以允许太阳光穿过所述光线接收口照射至从所述吸热腔单元内部流过的所述固体储热颗粒的表面；并且,所述颗粒吸热器还包括至少一个固体储热颗粒减速装置,所述固体储热颗粒减速装置设置于任意相邻的两个所述吸热腔单元之间。(The invention discloses a particle heat absorber, a heat absorption system comprising the same and a solar thermal power generation system, wherein the particle heat absorber comprises: the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle heat absorber also comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units.)

1. A particulate heat sink, comprising:

the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the number of the first and second electrodes,

the particle heat absorber further comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units.

2. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the heat absorbing chamber units is provided with at least two first communication holes at the top.

3. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 2 wherein the first communication holes at the top of the same heat absorbing chamber unit are parallel to each other and gradually distant from the light receiving opening.

4. A particulate heat absorber as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the first communication aperture is an elongated slit.

5. A particulate heat sink according to claim 1 wherein the light receiving opening is oriented at an angle of 30 ° to 90 ° to the horizontal.

6. A particle heat absorber according to claim 1, wherein the transverse section of the back surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or a combination of the arc-shaped and the fold-shaped, and the inner side wall of the back surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a high temperature resistant light reflecting layer.

7. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 1 wherein the solid heat storage particulate deceleration means is a solid particulate pre-mixer which decelerates and mixes evenly the solid heat storage particulates from the heat absorption chamber unit above the solid particulate pre-mixer.

8. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 1 or 7, wherein a flow equalizing pipe is arranged at the connection of the solid heat storage particulate deceleration device and the first communication hole in the heat absorption chamber unit at the lower part of the solid heat storage particulate deceleration device.

9. The particle heat absorber of claim 8, wherein a particle flow distribution device is disposed at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the particle flow distribution device enables the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device to uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit along each first through hole disposed at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle shunting device is connected with the flow equalizing pipe.

10. A particle heat absorber according to claim 9 wherein the particle diversion means comprises at least two particle diversion pipes, each of which is provided with a flow regulating means for regulating the flow rate of the solid heat storage particles in each particle diversion pipe, and each of which is connected to a corresponding flow equalization pipe.

11. A heat absorption system, comprising:

a particulate heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 10;

the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber;

the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber;

the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger;

the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger;

particle hoisting device, particle hoisting device's one end with the solid heat-retaining granule export intercommunication in low temperature granule storage storehouse, the other end with solid heat-retaining granule entry intercommunication on the granule blowing storehouse, with will solid heat-retaining granule in the low temperature granule storage storehouse shifts to in the granule blowing storehouse.

12. The heat absorption system of claim 11 wherein a flow equalization tube is disposed within the particulate discharge bin, the flow equalization tube causing the solid heat storage particles entering the particulate heat absorber to disperse into a curtain of solid heat storage particles.

13. A solar thermal power generation system, characterized in that a heat absorption system according to claim 11 or 12 is provided.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a particle heat absorber, a heat absorption system comprising the particle heat absorber and a solar thermal power generation system.

Background

The heat absorber is core equipment of the tower-type solar photothermal power station, heats the heat storage medium in the heat absorber by absorbing solar energy reflected by the heliostat, further converts the solar energy into heat energy, and further heats the water working medium in the heat exchanger by utilizing the energy stored by the heat storage medium to generate steam with preset temperature so as to drive the steam turbine and drive the generator to generate electricity.

The heat absorbers adopted by the existing tower type solar thermal power plant are generally a molten salt heat absorber, a water working medium heat absorber, a heat conducting oil heat absorber and the like, and the heat storage media corresponding to the heat absorbers are respectively nitrates (60 percent NaNO)₃And 40% KNO₃) Water and heat transfer oil, etc., which have relatively low heat absorption temperatures, severely limiting the thermoelectric efficiency at the back end of the solar thermal power plant.

In order to improve the heat storage temperature of the heat storage medium, researchers find that when solid heat storage particles such as ceramic particles or sand grains are used as the heat storage medium, the heat storage temperature can reach about 1000 ℃, and the hot spot efficiency at the rear end of a solar thermal power plant can be greatly improved. In order to fully utilize the heat storage characteristics of solid heat storage particles, particle heat absorbers suitable for using solid heat storage particles as heat storage media have been developed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a particle heat absorber, which can effectively reduce the descending speed of solid heat storage particles in a heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber, so that the time of the solid heat storage particles receiving illumination in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is increased; in addition, according to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of first through holes, the plurality of layers of solid heat storage particle curtains are formed in the heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber, and when the ambient wind speed around the particle heat absorber is high, the disturbance of the wind speed to the solid heat storage particle curtains can be reduced by starting or stopping one or more solid heat storage particle curtains, so that the solid heat storage particles are prevented from being blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind.

In a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a particulate heat sink comprising:

the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle heat absorber also comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, at least two first communication holes are disposed on the top of at least one heat absorbing cavity unit.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, the first through holes on the top of the same heat absorbing cavity unit are parallel to each other and gradually distant from the light receiving opening.

As an improvement of the particulate heat absorber of the present invention, the first through hole is an elongated slit.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, the included angle between the plane of the light receiving opening and the horizontal plane is 30-90 degrees.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, the transverse cross section of the backlight surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or a combination of the arc-shaped and the fold-shaped, and the inner side wall of the backlight surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a high-temperature-resistant light reflecting layer.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is a solid particle pre-mixer, and the solid particle pre-mixer decelerates and uniformly mixes the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity unit above the solid particle pre-mixer.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, a flow equalizing pipe is arranged at the connection position of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device and the first communication hole on the heat absorption cavity unit at the lower part of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device. The flow equalizing pipe is used for enabling solid heat storage particles to be uniformly dispersed along the extending direction of the first communication hole.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, a particle shunt device is arranged at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the particle shunt device can enable the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device to uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit along each first through hole arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle shunting device is connected with the flow equalizing pipe.

As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, the particle diversion device includes at least two particle diversion pipelines, each particle diversion pipeline is provided with a flow adjusting device, the flow adjusting device adjusts the flow velocity of the solid heat storage particles in each particle diversion pipeline, and each particle diversion pipeline is connected to a corresponding flow equalizing pipe.

In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a heat absorption system comprising:

a particulate heat sink, the particulate heat sink being any of the particulate heat sinks described above;

the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber;

the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber;

the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger;

the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger;

particle hoisting device, particle hoisting device's one end with the solid heat-retaining granule export intercommunication in low temperature granule storage storehouse, the other end with solid heat-retaining granule entry intercommunication on the granule blowing storehouse, with will solid heat-retaining granule in the low temperature granule storage storehouse shifts to in the granule blowing storehouse.

As an improvement of the heat absorption system, a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharging bin, and the flow equalizing pipe enables solid heat storage particles entering the particle heat absorber to be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain.

In a further aspect of the invention there is provided a solar thermal power generation system provided with a heat absorption system as described in any one of the above.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the particle heat absorber, the heat absorption cavity in the particle heat absorber is provided with the multi-stage heat absorption cavity units, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between the two adjacent stages of heat absorption cavity units, when the particle heat absorber is used, solid heat storage particles start to fall freely after entering the heat absorption cavity, and when the solid heat storage particles reach the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, the speed of the solid heat storage particles is reduced, so that the retention time of the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the solid heat storage particles can have sufficient time to absorb solar energy;

2. when the solid heat storage particles fall to the solid heat storage particle speed reducing device, the solid heat storage particles can be premixed, so that the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is uniform;

3. according to the particle heat absorber, the plurality of first communication holes are arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit, are arranged in parallel and are gradually far away from the light receiving opening, and when the wind speed in the surrounding environment of the particle heat absorber is high, one or more layers of solid heat storage particle curtains close to the light receiving opening can be reduced or closed, so that the risk that solid heat storage particles are blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind can be effectively reduced; and because gaps exist among the solid heat storage particles in each layer of curtain, when sunlight irradiates on the curtain, partial sunlight penetrates through the gaps among the solid heat storage particles and reaches the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity, so that the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity is required to have higher high temperature resistance.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat absorption system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat absorption chamber unit of the embodiment of the present invention along the direction a-a shown in fig. 4-7;

fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat absorbing chamber unit along an extending direction of a first communication hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of one embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of another embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a top view of yet another implementation of a heat absorption chamber unit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of yet another embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the elements corresponding to the reference numbers in the figures are: the particle heat storage device comprises a 1-particle discharge bin, a 2-heat absorption cavity unit, a 3-solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, a 4-high-temperature particle storage bin, a 5-heat exchanger, a 6-low-temperature particle storage bin, a 7-particle lifting device, an 8-flow regulating device, a 9-particle flow distribution pipeline, a 10-particle flow distribution device, a 11-particle curtain layer, a 12-light receiving opening, a 13-flow equalizing pipe, a 14-heat absorption cavity unit backlight surface, a 15-particle heat absorber and a 16-first communication hole.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In practice, the invention will be understood to cover all modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims.