阅读说明：本技术 一种光热转换材料及其制备方法及太阳能光热转换装置 (Photo-thermal conversion material, preparation method thereof and solar photo-thermal conversion device ) 是由 万艳芬 杨鹏 耿学敏 江浩 郑泽民 李思敏 涂宏宇 于 2019-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及材料领域,具体涉及一种光热转换材料及其制备方法及太阳能光热转换装置。本申请包括以下步骤：载体营养化、配制反应液、生长反应、干燥；所述的载体营养化步骤为：将载体于营养液中浸泡,所述的营养液成分包括钼酸钠、硫脲、水,载体浸泡后进行烘干,得到营养化载体；所述的配制反应液步骤为：将钼酸钠、硫脲溶解于水中得到反应液；所述的生长反应步骤为：将营养化载体与反应液放置于反应釜中,密封后放置于烘箱中进行反应,得到附着MoS<Sub>2</Sub>的载体；所述的干燥步骤为：将附着MoS<Sub>2</Sub>的载体经清洗后进行干燥,得到光热转换材料。本发明制备光热转换材料的方法简单,成本低,适用于生产,制得的光热转换材料的转换效率高。(The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a photothermal conversion material, a preparation method thereof and a solar photothermal conversion device. The method comprises the following steps: the carrier is nourished, reaction liquid is prepared, growth reaction is carried out, and drying is carried out; the carrier nutrition step is as follows: soaking a carrier in a nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises sodium molybdate, thiourea and water, and drying the soaked carrier to obtain a nutritional carrier; the reaction solution preparation steps are as follows: dissolving sodium molybdate and thiourea in water to obtain a reaction solution; the growth reaction comprises the following steps: putting the nutrition carrier and the reaction solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, and then putting the reaction kettle into an oven for reaction to obtain the attached MoS 2 The vector of (1); the drying step is as follows: will attach to MoS 2 The carrier is dried after being cleaned, and the photothermal conversion material is obtained. The method for preparing the photothermal conversion material is simple, has low cost, is suitable for production,the prepared photothermal conversion material has high conversion efficiency.)

1. A photothermal conversion material characterized in that: comprises a carrier on which MoS is attached₂。

2. The photothermal conversion material according to claim 1, wherein: the carrier is a fabric.

3. A preparation method of a photo-thermal conversion material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the carrier is nourished, reaction liquid is prepared, growth reaction is carried out, and drying is carried out;

the carrier nutrition step is as follows: soaking the carrier in a nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises sodium molybdate, thiourea and water, and drying after soaking to obtain a nutritional carrier;

the reaction solution preparation steps are as follows: dissolving sodium molybdate and thiourea in water to obtain a reaction solution;

the growth reaction comprises the following steps: putting the nutrition carrier and the reaction solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, and then putting the reaction kettle into an oven for reaction to obtain the attached MoS₂The vector of (1);

the drying step is as follows: will attach to MoS₂The carrier is dried after being cleaned, and the photothermal conversion material is obtained.

4. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein: the carrier is a fabric.

5. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein: the fabric is sized cotton cloth, and the carrier nutrition step is preceded by a desizing treatment of the sized cotton cloth, which specifically comprises the following steps: soaking the sized cotton cloth in NaOH solution, heating to 85-100 ℃, continuing for 5-8 hours, taking out the cotton cloth, soaking the cotton cloth in water for more than 10 hours, continuously soaking the cotton cloth in water after water change, heating to 85-100 ℃, continuing for 5-8 hours, changing water during heating, and placing the cotton cloth in an oven for drying after the heating process is finished.

6. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein: the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.04-0.05 part of sodium molybdate, 0.02-0.035 part of thiourea and 15-30 parts of water.

7. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.55-0.85 part of sodium molybdate, 0.5-0.85 part of thiourea and 25-35 parts of water.

8. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein: in the step of growth reaction, the temperature of the oven is 180-220 ℃, and the reaction time is 15-25 hours.

9. A photothermal conversion material according to claim 3, wherein: the water is deionized water.

10. A solar photo-thermal conversion device is characterized in that: comprises a container, a water guide and heat insulation layer and a photo-thermal conversion material; the container is filled with water, the water guide and heat insulation layer is arranged in the container and floats on the water surface, and the photo-thermal conversion material is arranged at the upper end of the water guide and heat insulation layer; the water guide and heat insulation layer comprises a core body and gauze, and the core body is coated by the gauze; the photothermal conversion material comprises a carrier, wherein MoS is attached to the carrier₂。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a photothermal conversion material, a preparation method thereof and a solar photothermal conversion device.

Background

Most of the existing photothermal conversion devices have the problems of low efficiency, complex preparation scheme, excessively complex use process and the like due to large photothermal loss. In recent years, scientists have proposed various approaches and methods for improving solar energy photo-thermal conversion efficiency, which mainly include the following aspects: 1. the performance of the photo-thermal material is improved, a material with a broad spectrum absorption range and stronger photo-thermal conversion capability is searched, a preparation scheme is optimized, the structure of the material is further improved, the photo-absorption capability of the material is enhanced, and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is improved; 2. the structure of the solar photo-thermal conversion device is optimized, the heat insulation performance is enhanced, the water delivery performance is improved, and the heat loss between materials and the environment is reduced; 3. improves the practical performance, can be prepared in large scale and is convenient for practical application.

In chinese patent CN 109292869 a, black light absorbing material is adsorbed on the water absorbing material by suction filtration, spray coating or spin coating, and this adsorption mode is insecure, and shaking the water absorbing material slightly, i.e. dust-free paper, easily causes the black light absorbing material adsorbed thereon to drop, resulting in that the sample is not easy to carry, and is limited in use.

Chinese patent CN 109176790 a, a high efficiency photo-thermal water vapor conversion method based on wood, is too complex in its method for preparing samples, needs to repeat the same processing steps three times with wood, requires a period of about three days for each processing, requires a period of about 9 days for preparing a sample once, and is not good for the development of experiments because the sample preparation period is too long.

The existing technologies generally have the characteristics of high preparation cost, long time consumption, complex process and the like, and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is low, so that the large-scale preparation is not easy to realize, and the practical application process is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-efficiency photothermal conversion material, a simple and low-cost preparation method thereof and a high-efficiency solar photothermal conversion device.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the photothermal conversion material comprises a carrier, wherein MoS is attached to the carrier₂. MoS attached to a support₂Then, the carrier is black, and basically can fully absorb sunlight, and at the same time, MoS₂As a good semiconductor material, the material has good photo-thermal conversion efficiency.

Preferably, the carrier is a fabric, and the fabric has a larger action area and is beneficial to MoS₂And the voids formed between the fibers of the fabric facilitate the absorption and storage of thermal energy.

A preparation method of a photothermal conversion material comprises the following steps: the carrier is nourished, reaction liquid is prepared, growth reaction is carried out, and drying is carried out;

the carrier nutrition step is as follows: soaking the carrier in a nutrient solution, wherein the nutrient solution comprises sodium molybdate, thiourea and water, and drying after soaking to obtain a nutritional carrier;

the reaction solution preparation steps are as follows: dissolving sodium molybdate and thiourea in water to obtain a reaction solution;

the growth reaction comprises the following steps: putting the nutrition carrier and the reaction solution into a reaction kettle, sealing the reaction kettle, and then putting the reaction kettle into an oven for reaction to obtain the attached MoS₂The vector of (1);

the drying step is as follows: will attach to MoS₂The carrier is dried after being cleaned, and the photothermal conversion material is obtained.

Preferably, the carrier is a fabric.

Preferably, the fabric is sized cotton cloth, and the carrier nutrition step further comprises desizing treatment of the sized cotton cloth, specifically: soaking the sized cotton cloth in NaOH solution, heating to 85-100 ℃, and keeping for 5-8 hoursAnd taking out the cotton cloth, soaking the cotton cloth in water for more than 10 hours, continuously soaking the cotton cloth in water after water is changed, heating to 85-100 ℃ for 5-8 hours, changing water in the heating process, and placing the cotton cloth in an oven for drying after the heating process is finished. The sizing cotton cloth can be subjected to sizing lubrication before spinning, and desizing is carried out on the sizing cotton cloth to facilitate MoS₂The attachment of (a).

Preferably, the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.04-0.05 part of sodium molybdate, 0.02-0.035 part of thiourea and 15-30 parts of water.

Preferably, the reaction solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.55-0.85 part of sodium molybdate, 0.5-0.85 part of thiourea and 25-35 parts of water.

The concentration of sodium molybdate and thiourea in the nutrient solution is low, and the preparation process of the nutrient solution can generate an initial reaction, so that the carrier is soaked in the nutrient solution to be rich in nutrition, the subsequent growth reaction is facilitated, the following chemical reactions are specifically generated during the growth reaction, and MoS is attached to the carrier₂。

4NaMoO₄+15CS(NH₂)₂+6H₂O→4MoS₂+Na₂SO₄+6NaSCN+24NH₃(g)+9CO₂(g)

Preferably, in the growth reaction step, the temperature of the oven is 180-220 ℃, and the reaction time is 15-25 hours.

Preferably, the water is deionized water.

A solar photo-thermal conversion device comprises a container, a water guide and heat insulation layer and a photo-thermal conversion material; the container is filled with water, the water guide and heat insulation layer is arranged in the container and floats on the water surface, and the photo-thermal conversion material is arranged at the upper end of the water guide and heat insulation layer; the water guide and heat insulation layer comprises a core body and gauze, and the core body is coated by the gauze; the photothermal conversion material comprises a carrier, wherein MoS is attached to the carrier₂。

The water-conducting and heat-insulating layer has two functions of water-conducting and heat-insulating. Firstly, water is guided, and water in a container is continuously transported to the photo-thermal conversion material through gauze in a water guide heat insulation layer, so that sufficient water supply is provided for the water evaporation process of the photo-thermal conversion material; and secondly, the photo-thermal conversion material can convert light energy into heat energy under the irradiation of sunlight, and if no water guide heat insulation layer exists, the heat energy is transferred into water at the lower part through the photo-thermal conversion material, so that the heat energy is lost, and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the photo-thermal conversion material is further influenced. The water guide heat insulation layer needs to float on the water surface, on one hand, the water guide heat insulation layer needs to support the photothermal conversion material to be higher than the water surface, so that the work of the photothermal conversion material is ensured, on the other hand, along with the falling of the water level, the water guide heat insulation layer descends along with the water level, so that the absorption efficiency of cotton cloth on water is maintained, and the water supply in the water evaporation process is ensured.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the photothermal conversion material prepared by the invention has high conversion efficiency; the method for preparing the photothermal conversion material is simple, low in cost and high in preparation efficiency; the solar photo-thermal conversion device is high in photo-thermal conversion efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the evaporation amount of the solar photo-thermal conversion test performed on the experimental group and the control group in the preferred embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.