阅读说明：本技术 基于电磁斥力机构的机械快速开关 (Mechanical quick switch based on electromagnetic repulsion mechanism ) 是由 韩伟 朱忠建 衣陈晨 唐建 周海东 于 2018-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于电磁斥力机构的机械快速开关,属于开关柜技术领域。本发明包括连接杆、双稳态保持机构、操作机构和一组电磁斥力机构；所述连接杆在所述电磁斥力机构或操作机构的驱动下运动,使所述机械快速开关分闸；所述连接杆在所述操作机构的驱动下运动,使所述机械快速开关合闸；在连接杆分闸或合闸运动时,所述双稳态保持机构对连接杆的分合闸状态施加保持力；快速分闸过程中,电磁斥力机构与操作机构完全独立；且电磁斥力机构与操作机构均可以实现分闸操作。本发明可以实现断路器的小型化和集约化；解决了电磁斥力机构与合闸保持机构的刚性碰撞问题；可以实现正常工况和故障工况下采用不同的分闸操作方式。(The invention discloses a mechanical quick switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of switch cabinets. The invention comprises a connecting rod, a bistable state retaining mechanism, an operating mechanism and a group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism or the operating mechanism, so that the mechanical quick switch is opened; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the operating mechanism to enable the mechanical quick switch to be switched on; when the connecting rod is in opening or closing motion, the bistable state retaining mechanism applies a retaining force to the opening and closing state of the connecting rod; in the process of rapid opening, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the operating mechanism are completely independent; and the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the operating mechanism can realize the opening operation. The invention can realize the miniaturization and intensification of the breaker; the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the closing maintaining mechanism is solved; different opening operation modes can be adopted under the normal working condition and the fault working condition.)

1. A mechanical quick switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is characterized by comprising a connecting rod, a bistable state retaining mechanism, an operating mechanism and a group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism or the operating mechanism, so that the mechanical quick switch is opened; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the operating mechanism to enable the mechanical quick switch to be switched on; and when the connecting rod is in opening or closing motion, the bistable state retaining mechanism applies a retaining force to the opening and closing state of the connecting rod.

2. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism comprises a repulsion coil and a repulsion disk, the repulsion disk is fixed on the connecting rod, and the repulsion coil applies repulsion to the repulsion disk to drive the mechanical fast switch to move to the opening position.

3. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion force mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that said bistable retention mechanism comprises a bistable spring and a link rod, one end of said bistable spring is fixed, and the other end is connected with one end of the link rod, and the other end of said link rod is connected with said link rod; when the connecting rod moves to the opening position or the closing position, the bistable spring keeps a compressed state, and the connecting rod is applied with the holding force of the opening or closing state through the connecting rod.

4. The mechanical fast switch based on electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that said bistable retention mechanism comprises a bistable disc spring, the outer end of said bistable disc spring is fixed, and the inner end is fixedly connected with the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the opening position or the closing position, the bistable butterfly spring keeps a compressed state, and the bistable butterfly spring exerts a holding force of the opening state or the closing state on the connecting rod.

5. The mechanical quick switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion force mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod and the operating mechanism are connected through an interlocking mechanism, and a clamping arm is installed in the interlocking mechanism; the clamping arm retracts the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical quick switch completes switching on, and is ejected out of the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical quick switch completes switching off; when the switch is closed, the operating mechanism is abutted against the clamping arm to push the connecting rod to move to the switch closing position.

6. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the operating mechanism is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism for driving the connecting rod to move under normal operating condition to realize the closing and opening of the mechanical fast switch, and under fault operating condition, the mechanical fast switch is opened by the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

7. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that the operating mechanism is a monostable permanent magnetic mechanism or an electromagnetic mechanism, and is used for driving the connecting rod to move to close the mechanical fast switch, and under both normal operating condition and fault operating condition, the mechanical fast switch is opened through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

8. The mechanical quick switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that the interlocking mechanism is provided with a locking hole, and the operating mechanism is provided with a locking rod; the locking rod penetrates through the locking hole; the size of the locking hole along the motion direction of the connecting rod is not less than the maximum stroke of the connecting rod.

9. Mechanical quick switch based on electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that under the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and/or the operation mechanism is installed a buffer device.

10. A mechanical fast switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that said buffer means is an oil buffer, a gas buffer, a damping buffer or a spring buffer.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of switch cabinets, and particularly relates to a mechanical quick switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

Background

In recent years, with the large-scale access of distributed power supplies and energy storage devices, the rapid development of power electronic technology, and the increase of direct current loads, direct current power distribution has received more and more attention. Particularly, direct current systems such as large ship power supply systems and urban rail transit power supply systems are greatly developed in certain specific occasions. With the continuous increase of the capacity of the direct current system and the continuous improvement of the voltage level, the indexes of the short-circuit current peak value and the on-off time of the direct current breaker are also continuously improved. Although the traditional mechanical switch has the advantages of strong loading capacity and stable conduction, the response speed is slow, generally about 5-20 ms, and the requirement of quick action can not be met; the power electronic switch has high response speed, but has overlarge on-state loss and low voltage endurance capability.

The hybrid direct current circuit breaker composed of the rapid mechanical switch and the high-power semiconductor device has the advantages of large through-current capacity, high turn-off speed, strong current limiting capacity and the like, and has great potential in the field of direct current cut-off. The hybrid direct-current circuit breaker requires the quick mechanical switch to realize high-speed separation of contacts, so that the current is convenient to transfer to a transfer branch, and simultaneously requires the quick mechanical switch to obtain the initial speed as large as possible to form an insulation gap as soon as possible so as to resist a very high transient recovery voltage appearing between fractures of the mechanical circuit breaker later. In the current stage, the rapid mechanical switch mostly uses a double electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, two repulsion coils and two sets of driving loops are needed, the size of the mechanism and the driving loop is large, the cost is high, and the miniaturization and the intensification of the circuit breaker are not facilitated. Therefore, the electromagnetic repulsion fast mechanical switch at the present stage is mostly in the stages of theoretical research and principle prototype, no reliable engineering application case exists, and the development and the use of the hybrid direct current circuit breaker are seriously influenced.

For example, chinese patent with application number CN201620362749.5 discloses a fast switch based on permanent magnet holding mechanism, which comprises a repulsion mechanism and a permanent magnet mechanism, and comprises an upper guide rod, a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, a middle guide rod, an insulator, a lower guide rod and a movable iron core for holding, which are connected in sequence, and is characterized in that: a repulsion plate is sleeved on the lower guide rod, an opening coil is arranged above the repulsion plate, and a closing coil is arranged below the repulsion plate; an upper holding stationary core is attached to the upper holding movable core, a closing holding permanent magnet is attached to the middle of the upper holding stationary core, a lower holding stationary core is attached to the lower holding movable core, and a switching-off holding permanent magnet is attached to the middle of the lower holding stationary core. The lower end of the closing keeping permanent magnet is shorter than the lower end of the upper keeping static iron core, so that a groove is formed at the lower end of the upper keeping static iron core and serves as an upper air gap; wherein the upper end of the opening keeping permanent magnet is shorter than the upper end of the lower keeping static iron core, so that a groove is formed at the upper end of the lower keeping static iron core to be used as a lower air gap. The permanent magnet holding part is used for providing switching-off holding force and switching-on holding force for an arc extinguish chamber contact in the circuit breaker, so that the circuit breaker is in a stable switching-off state or a stable switching-on state; the electromagnetic repulsion operating part provides electromagnetic force in the opening and closing operation process, so that the breaker is changed from opening to closing or from closing to opening.

However, the fast switch uses the double electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms, two repulsion coils and two sets of driving loops are needed, and the mechanism and the driving loops have large volumes and high cost, so that the miniaturization and intensification of the circuit breaker are not facilitated.

The application number 201710859374.2 discloses an operating device of a direct current breaker, which comprises a vacuum bubble, a repulsion mechanism and an electromagnetic mechanism connected with the repulsion mechanism through a connecting rod, wherein a mechanical contact composed of a static contact and a moving contact is arranged in the vacuum bubble, the moving contact is connected with the repulsion mechanism through an insulating pull rod, the repulsion mechanism comprises a separating brake coil, a repulsion plate, a charge and discharge loop and a first controller for controlling the charge and discharge loop to trigger separating brake operation, the repulsion plate is connected with the connecting rod through a moving guide rod, the separating brake coil is positioned above the repulsion plate, and the gap is not more than 3.5 mm; the electromagnetic mechanism comprises an annular hollow static iron core, a movable iron core, a suction coil, a holding coil, a separating brake reset spring, a contact spring and a second controller.

However, the operating device adopts a single electromagnetic repulsion mechanism to realize rapid opening, adopts an electromagnet as a closing holding mechanism, adopts the electromagnet coil to cut off power and reversely charge, and realizes rated opening in a way of being matched with an opening spring. Because the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can quickly reach a thrust peak value within the time of dozens of microseconds to hundreds of microseconds and is far faster than the action time of the electromagnet, when the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is quickly opened, the repulsion disc drives the connecting rod to move downwards, the electromagnet still provides closing holding force at the moment, and the opening spring can generate reverse acting force due to compression, so that the opening speed of the quick mechanical switch can be reduced, the opening time is prolonged, and meanwhile, the rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the closing holding mechanism can be caused, and the bouncing phenomenon is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a mechanical quick switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, which has the advantages of high reliability, simple structure, small volume and high switching-off speed, and can solve the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and a switching-on maintaining mechanism.

Specifically, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: comprises a connecting rod, a bistable state retaining mechanism, an operating mechanism and a group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism or the operating mechanism, so that the mechanical quick switch is opened; the connecting rod moves under the driving of the operating mechanism to enable the mechanical quick switch to be switched on; and when the connecting rod is in opening or closing motion, the bistable state retaining mechanism applies a retaining force to the opening and closing state of the connecting rod.

Furthermore, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism comprises a repulsion coil and a repulsion plate, the repulsion plate is fixed on the connecting rod, and repulsion is applied to the repulsion plate through the repulsion coil to drive the mechanical quick switch to move to the opening position.

Further, the bistable state retaining mechanism comprises a bistable state spring and a connecting rod, one end of the bistable state spring is fixed, the other end of the bistable state spring is connected with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the opening position or the closing position, the bistable spring keeps a compressed state, and the connecting rod is applied with the holding force of the opening or closing state through the connecting rod.

Further, the bistable state retaining mechanism comprises a bistable state disc spring, the outer end of the bistable state disc spring is fixed, and the inner end of the bistable state disc spring is fixedly connected with the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the opening position or the closing position, the bistable butterfly spring keeps a compressed state, and the bistable butterfly spring exerts a holding force of the opening state or the closing state on the connecting rod.

Further, the connecting rod is connected with the operating mechanism through an interlocking mechanism, and a clamping arm is installed in the interlocking mechanism; the clamping arm retracts the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical quick switch completes switching on, and is ejected out of the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical quick switch completes switching off; when the switch is closed, the operating mechanism is abutted against the clamping arm to push the connecting rod to move to the switch closing position.

Furthermore, the operating mechanism is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism and is used for driving the connecting rod to move under a normal working condition to realize the switching-on and switching-off of the mechanical quick switch, and under a fault working condition, the mechanical quick switch is switched off through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

Furthermore, the operating mechanism is a monostable permanent magnet mechanism or an electromagnetic mechanism and is used for driving the connecting rod to move so as to enable the mechanical quick switch to be switched on, and under normal working conditions and fault working conditions, the mechanical quick switch is switched off through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

Furthermore, a locking hole is formed in the interlocking mechanism, and a locking rod is installed on the operating mechanism; the locking rod penetrates through the locking hole; the size of the locking hole along the motion direction of the connecting rod is not less than the maximum stroke of the connecting rod.

Further, a buffer device is installed below the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and/or the operating mechanism.

Further, the buffer device is an oil buffer, a gas buffer, a damping buffer or a spring buffer.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the mechanical quick switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, on one hand, only one group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is adopted, compared with a double-electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, the number of repulsion coils and driving loops can be effectively reduced, the volume is reduced, the cost is saved, the miniaturization and the intensification of a circuit breaker are realized, and the problems that the quick mechanical switch mechanism and the driving loops are large in volume and high in cost are solved; on the other hand, in the rapid opening process, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the permanent magnetic mechanism are completely independent, the permanent magnetic mechanism cannot influence the opening speed of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, the bounce caused by rigid collision is avoided, the opening speed of the rapid mechanical switch is improved, and the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the operating mechanism is solved; on the other hand, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the permanent magnetic mechanism can both realize opening operation, two groups of completely independent opening mechanisms are provided, under the condition of short circuit working condition, quick opening is realized through the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and under the normal working condition, normal opening is realized through the permanent magnetic mechanism, so that the action times of the permanent magnetic mechanism are reduced, and the reliability and the service life of the quick mechanical switch are greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching-off completion state in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate state in a closing process in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a closing completion state in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate state in a normal opening process in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate state in an emergency opening process according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching-off completion state in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate state in a closing process in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a closing completion state in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an intermediate state in the opening process in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference numerals in the drawings: the device comprises a vacuum arc extinguish chamber 1, an insulating pull rod 2, a connecting rod 3, a repulsive coil 4, a repulsive disc 5, a connecting rod 6, a bistable spring 7, a buffer device 8, a clamping arm 9, an interlocking mechanism 10, a locking hole 11, a locking rod 12, a bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13, a bistable disc spring 14 and a monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.