阅读说明：本技术 一种海底无泵反循环钻具及钻机 (Seabed pump-free reverse circulation drilling tool and drilling machine ) 是由 卢猛 魏照宇 苏兴涛 陈宗恒 田烈余 王福海 郭强 宋殿兰 冉灵杰 祝强 卢倩 于 2019-11-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种海底无泵反循环钻具及钻机,它包括钻具接头(3)、取样管(5)、钻头(6),其特征在于：钻具接头(3)与取样管(5)连接,取样管(5)与钻头(6)连接,所述钻头(6)底部开有进水口,所述取样管(5)上端的外部固定设有负压腔(4),取样管(5)内部通过负压腔(4)与外部连通,所述负压腔(4)为两侧封闭中心通水的腔体,所述取样管(5)上端内侧还固定设有导流叶片(7)。还包括海底钻机(1)、海底钻机输出轴(2),其特征在于：所述海底钻机输出轴(2)通过钻具接头(3)与海底无泵反循环钻具连接,海底钻机(1)驱动海底钻机输出轴(2)通过钻具接头(3)带动钻具转动。本发明具有成本低、重量轻、能提高钻进效率和取样效率、能自动建立冲洗反循环等优点。(The invention discloses a submarine pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool and a drilling machine, which comprise a drilling tool joint (3), a sampling tube (5) and a drill bit (6), and are characterized in that: drilling tool connects (3) and is connected with sampling tube (5), and sampling tube (5) are connected with drill bit (6), open drill bit (6) bottom has the water inlet, the external fixation of sampling tube (5) upper end is equipped with negative pressure chamber (4), and sampling tube (5) are inside to be passed through negative pressure chamber (4) and outside intercommunication, negative pressure chamber (4) are the cavity that the center leads to water for both sides seal, sampling tube (5) upper end inboard still fixedly is equipped with guide vane (7). Still include subsea drilling machine (1), subsea drilling machine output shaft (2), its characterized in that: the output shaft (2) of the submarine drilling machine is connected with a submarine pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool through a drilling tool joint (3), and the submarine drilling machine (1) drives the output shaft (2) of the submarine drilling machine to drive the drilling tool to rotate through the drilling tool joint (3). The invention has the advantages of low cost, light weight, capability of improving the drilling efficiency and the sampling efficiency, capability of automatically establishing flushing reverse circulation and the like.)

1. The utility model provides a no pump reverse circulation drilling tool in seabed, it includes tool joint (3), sampling tube (5), drill bit (6), its characterized in that: drilling tool connects (3) and is connected with sampling tube (5), and sampling tube (5) are connected with drill bit (6), open drill bit (6) bottom has the water inlet, the external fixation of sampling tube (5) upper end is equipped with negative pressure chamber (4), and sampling tube (5) are inside to be passed through negative pressure chamber (4) and outside intercommunication, negative pressure chamber (4) are the cavity that the center leads to water for both sides seal, sampling tube (5) upper end inboard still fixedly is equipped with guide vane (7).

2. The subsea pumpless reverse circulation drill of claim 1, wherein: the opening direction of the outer side of the negative pressure cavity (4) is opposite to the rotation direction of the sampling tube (5).

3. The subsea pumpless reverse circulation drill of claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure cavity (4) uses the central axis of the sampling tube (5) as the axis center, and at least 2 are arranged in the central symmetry.

4. The subsea pumpless reverse circulation drill of claim 1, wherein: the axial section curve of the guide vane (7) is an involute curve.

5. The subsea pumpless reverse circulation drill of claim 1, wherein: the drilling tool joint (3) is in threaded connection with the sampling tube (5), and the sampling tube (5) is in threaded connection with the drill bit (6).

6. The subsea pumpless reverse circulation drill of claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure cavity (4) is welded on the sampling tube (5).

7. The subsea pumpless reverse circulation drill of claim 1, wherein: the guide vane (7) is welded at the inner welding seam (8) of the sampling tube (5).

8. The utility model provides a use rig of seabed no pump reverse circulation drilling tool, it includes subsea drilling machine (1), subsea drilling machine output shaft (2), its characterized in that: the output shaft (2) of the submarine drilling machine is connected with a submarine pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool through a drilling tool joint (3), and the submarine drilling machine (1) drives the output shaft (2) of the submarine drilling machine to drive the drilling tool to rotate through the drilling tool joint (3).

9. The drilling rig using the subsea pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool of claim 8, wherein: the output shaft (2) of the submarine drilling machine is connected with the drilling tool joint (3) through threads.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of submarine drilling equipment, in particular to a submarine pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool and a drilling machine.

Background

The vast ocean bottom contains abundant mineral resources, and has great economic value and strategic significance. Deep sea is one of the few unknown regions of the earth, and scientists have a great interest in deep sea mineral composition, mineral age, mineral formation mechanism, physical and chemical properties of minerals, and biological and environmental conditions around minerals. These studies, which cover multiple disciplines of marine geology, marine life, marine chemistry, marine physics, marine prospecting, marine mining, all require large samples of deep sea minerals. Therefore, the acquisition of deep sea mineral core samples plays a crucial role in the research of marine science and the development of submarine minerals.

When drilling rock on the seabed, the prior art needs to establish flushing fluid circulation by a slurry pump or a water pump, discharge rock debris and cool a drill bit by utilizing the flushing fluid, and when reverse circulation is established, the flowing flushing fluid can assist a rock core sample to enter a sampling tube. However, when an ROV, i.e., an "underwater robotic" drilling rig, is used for shallow subsea drilling operations, the deep-sea mud pumps are equipped, which increases the cost and takes up valuable payload of the ROV.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a submarine pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool and a drilling machine which have low cost and light weight, can improve the drilling efficiency and the sampling efficiency and can automatically establish flushing reverse circulation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a no pump reverse circulation drilling tool in seabed, it includes tool joint 3, sampling tube 5, drill bit 6, its characterized in that: drilling tool joint 3 is connected with sampling tube 5, and sampling tube 5 is connected with drill bit 6, makes drilling tool joint 3 can drive sampling tube 5 and drill bit 6 and rotate, open 6 bottoms of drill bit have the water inlet, make rivers can get into inside sampling tube 5, the external fixation of sampling tube 5 upper end is equipped with negative pressure chamber 4, makes negative pressure chamber 4 form the negative pressure when sampling tube 5 sees anticlockwise rotation downwards from the upper end, and sampling tube 5 is inside through negative pressure chamber 4 and outside intercommunication, makes rivers in the sampling tube 5 can get into negative pressure chamber 4, negative pressure chamber 4 is the cavity that the center leads to the water of both sides closure, and rivers can flow out from negative pressure chamber 4, sampling tube 5 still fixes being equipped with guide vane 7, promotes the rotatory centrifugal force that produces of the inside water of sampling tube 5 through guide vane 7.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme:

the direction of the opening at the outer side of the negative pressure cavity 4 is opposite to the rotation direction of the sampling tube 5, which is helpful for the water molecules at the outer edge to generate the traction effect on the water molecules in the negative pressure cavity.

The negative pressure cavity 4 uses the central axis of the sampling tube 5 as the axis, and at least 2 are arranged in the central symmetry, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of water flow.

The axial section curve of the guide vane 7 is an involute curve, and water can move outwards along the involute direction.

The drilling tool joint 3 is in threaded connection with the sampling tube 5, and the sampling tube 5 is in threaded connection with the drill bit 6, so that the connection is firmer.

The negative pressure cavity 4 is welded on the sampling tube 5, so that the structure is firmer.

The guide vane 7 is welded at the inner welding seam 8 of the sampling tube 5, and is helpful for pushing the inner water flow of the sampling tube 5 to rotate.

As belonging to a general inventive concept, the invention also discloses a drilling machine using the seabed pumpless reverse circulation drilling tool, which comprises a seabed drilling machine 1 and a seabed drilling machine output shaft 2, and is characterized in that: the output shaft 2 of the seabed drilling machine is connected with a seabed pump-free reverse circulation drilling tool through a drilling tool joint 3, and the seabed drilling machine 1 drives the output shaft 2 of the seabed drilling machine to drive the drilling tool to rotate through the drilling tool joint 3.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme:

the output shaft 2 of the submarine drilling machine is connected with the drilling tool joint 3 through threads, so that the connection is firmer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

low cost, light weight, can improve the drilling efficiency and the sampling efficiency, and can automatically establish the flushing reverse circulation. Compared with the prior art, the technology has the advantages that the blades are additionally arranged on the inner side of the upper end of the drilling tool, the negative pressure cavity is additionally arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the drilling tool, so that the reverse circulation of flushing liquid can be automatically established in the drilling process of the drilling tool arranged in seawater, a submarine slurry pump is omitted, the cost and the weight of a submarine drilling system are reduced, more scientific loads can be carried by the ROV, and the drilling efficiency and the sampling quality are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the water flow path during operation of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a water flow path diagram in the negative pressure chamber during operation of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a submarine drilling machine, 2-a submarine drilling machine output shaft, 3-a drilling tool joint, 4-a negative pressure cavity, 5-a sampling tube, 6-a drill bit, 7-a guide vane and 8-a welding line.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific drawings and examples.