阅读说明：本技术 一种具有复合电枢结构的磁场调制型永磁直线发电机 (Magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator with composite armature structure ) 是由 马明娜 张旭 徐正阳 陶伟 于 2019-11-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有复合电枢结构的磁场调制型永磁直线发电机,该电机的次级由轭板和永磁体阵列构成,初级电枢由调制层、空心绕组层与铁心层构成复合的电枢结构,调制层由调磁块和调制层绕组构成,绕组缠绕在调磁块上,调磁块在向气隙的一侧为倒角、圆角或是梯形状小齿结构,初级电枢的中间层为空心绕组层,它紧贴铁心层放置,铁心层起到导磁路径和固定支撑的作用,调制层和空心绕组层的绕组排布方案相同,通过串联或并联的方式连接。本发明在总体架构上集成了磁场调制型与无槽电机的绕组设计特点,能实现高的推力密度和过载能力,同时具有良好的动态性能和低的推力波动,适用于波浪能发电及振动发电、直线压缩机等领域。(The invention discloses a magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator with a composite armature structure, wherein a secondary of the motor is composed of a yoke plate and a permanent magnet array, a primary armature is composed of a modulation layer, a hollow winding layer and an iron core layer to form the composite armature structure, the modulation layer is composed of a magnetic modulation block and a modulation layer winding, the winding is wound on the magnetic modulation block, one side of the magnetic modulation block facing an air gap is of a chamfer, fillet or trapezoidal small tooth structure, a middle layer of the primary armature is a hollow winding layer and is arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the iron core layer, the iron core layer plays a role of a magnetic conduction path and a fixed support, and the modulation layer and the hollow winding layer have the same winding arrangement scheme and are connected in a series or parallel mode. The invention integrates the design characteristics of a magnetic field modulation type and a winding of a slotless motor on the overall architecture, can realize high thrust density and overload capacity, has good dynamic performance and low thrust fluctuation, and is suitable for the fields of wave power generation, vibration power generation, linear compressors and the like.)

1. A magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator with a composite armature structure is composed of a secondary (1), a primary armature (2) and an air gap (3) between the secondary (1) and the primary armature (2); the secondary (1) is composed of a yoke plate (1a) and a permanent magnet array (1b), and is characterized in that the primary armature (2) is arranged to form a multi-layer composite structure by a modulation layer (2a), a hollow winding layer (2b) and a core layer (2 c);

the modulation layer (2a) is an upper layer and comprises a modulation block (4) and a modulation layer winding (5); the magnetic adjusting blocks (4) are arranged at equal intervals along the motor motion direction (9); the magnetic adjusting block (4) is in a chamfer, fillet or trapezoidal small tooth structure at one side facing the air gap (3); the modulation layer winding (5) is composed of a plurality of coils, each coil surrounds the magnetic adjusting block (4), and the height of the modulation layer winding (5) is equal to that of the magnetic adjusting block (4);

the hollow winding layer (2b) is an intermediate layer and is arranged close to the iron core layer (2c) of the lower layer; the hollow winding layer winding (6) is composed of a plurality of coils, and the coils are wound on a positioning narrow strip (8) protruding from the iron core layer (2c) and used for positioning and fixing; the modulation layer winding (5) and the hollow winding layer winding (6) are arranged in the same phase arrangement mode and are connected together in a series or parallel mode.

2. The magnetic field modulated permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic regulating block (4) is made of high-permeability materials; the number Z of the magnetic adjusting blocks (4) and the number p of pole pairs of the permanent magnet array (1b)₁And the pole pair number p of the current magnetic field of the primary armature (2)₂The relationship between satisfies: z ═ p₁±p₂And the modulation ratio G ═ p₁/p₂，G≤3；

In the modulation layer (2a), the sum of the width of the magnetic modulation block (4) and the width of the magnetic modulation layer winding (5) is equal to the slot pitch tau_sWherein the width of the magnetic adjusting block (4) is 1/3 tau_s～1/2τ_s。

3. The magnetic field modulated permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number and the electric density of the coils of the modulation layer winding (5) and the hollow winding layer winding (6) are the same, but the number of turns of the coils of the two layers of windings is different;

the modulation layer winding (5) and the hollow winding layer winding (6) have the same phase number and are three-phase or multi-phase.

4. The magnetic field modulated permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning narrow strips (8) are made of non-magnetic conductive and non-electric conductive materials and are inserted into and fixed in shallow grooves on the surface of the iron core (7).

5. The magnetic field modulated permanent magnet linear generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator is of a unilateral structure or a bilateral structure;

in the bilateral structure, the primary armature (2) consists of two groups of modulation layers (2a) and a group of hollow winding layers (2b), the number of phases and the arrangement mode of two groups of modulation layer windings (5) and a group of hollow winding layer windings (6) are the same, and the hollow winding layer (2b) is positioned between the two groups of modulation layers (2 a); the coil of the hollow winding layer (2b) is wound on the positioning narrow strip (8) and is fixed between the upper and lower layers of the magnetic adjusting block (4); are connected in series or in parallel;

for a double-side structure motor, the polarities of the permanent magnets of the secondary (1) in mirror symmetry positions are opposite, and a series magnetic circuit structure (10) is formed by the permanent magnets and the primary armature (2) compounded by multiple layers.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motors, in particular to a magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear motor with a low-thrust fluctuation and an interlayer armature structure.

Background

In a hybrid electric vehicle, a vehicle power generation device composed of a conventional internal combustion engine and a generator is often provided to extend the charging range of the vehicle. Compared with a rotary generator system, the linear generator omits a conversion transmission structure between linear motion and rotary motion, directly utilizes the reciprocating motion of the combustion chamber piston to drive the motor to generate power, has good adaptability to various fuels, and has the advantages of low operation noise, high energy conversion efficiency, good transient response characteristic, compact mechanical structure and the like. The linear generator is used as a core component of a highly intensive vehicle-mounted power generation device, is used for realizing conversion between kinetic energy and electric energy when a piston reciprocates, and needs to output electromagnetic thrust to control the reciprocating motion rule of the piston to complete functions of output power regulation and the like. This requires the linear motor to have a high thrust density and overload capability to reduce its own weight and space occupation in the vehicle. Meanwhile, the thrust fluctuation of the linear motor is expected to be as small as possible, the dynamic response capability is expected to be good, so that better speed control is realized, and smoother voltage waveform is output, namely the internal combustion engine-linear generator system requires that the linear generator has good thrust characteristic and dynamic performance.

As is well known, the magnetic field modulation type linear motor can obtain higher thrust density, and the hollow slotless winding motor has better overload and dynamic response capability. However, the above-mentioned motor types are subject to complex restriction relations among performance parameters, it is difficult to obtain a motor scheme that can give consideration to both thrust characteristics and dynamic performance, and the improvement requirement of the internal combustion-linear generator system on the comprehensive performance of the linear generator cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to meet the improvement requirements of an internal combustion-linear generator system on the aspects of thrust property, dynamic performance and the like of a linear generator, the invention provides a magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator with a composite armature structure by combining the design characteristics of armature windings of the existing magnetic field modulation type motor and a slotless motor, which can realize high thrust density and overload capacity, and simultaneously has good dynamic performance and lower thrust fluctuation, thereby being suitable for the fields of wave power generation, vibration power generation, linear compressors and the like.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for achieving the aim of the invention:

the invention relates to a magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator with a composite armature structure, which consists of a secondary armature, a primary armature and an air gap between the secondary armature and the primary armature; the secondary is composed of a yoke plate and a permanent magnet array, and is characterized in that the primary armature is arranged to be a multi-layer composite structure composed of a modulation layer, a hollow winding layer and an iron core layer;

the modulation layer is an upper layer and comprises a magnetic modulation block and a modulation layer winding; the magnetic adjusting blocks are arranged at equal intervals along the motion direction of the motor; the magnetic adjusting block is in a chamfer, fillet or trapezoidal small tooth structure at one side facing the air gap; the modulation layer winding is composed of a plurality of coils, each coil is wound on the magnetic adjusting block, and the height of the modulation layer winding is equal to that of the magnetic adjusting block;

the hollow winding layer is an intermediate layer and is closely attached to the lower iron core layer; the hollow winding layer winding is composed of a plurality of coils, and the coils are wound on the protruding positioning narrow strips of the iron core layer and used for positioning and fixing; and arranging the modulation layer winding and the hollow winding layer winding in the same phase arrangement mode, and connecting the modulation layer winding and the hollow winding layer winding together in a series or parallel mode.

The magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator is also characterized in that: the magnetic regulating block is made of high-permeability magnetic materials; and the number Z of the magnetic adjusting blocks and the number p of pole pairs of the permanent magnet array₁And pole pair number p of current magnetic field of primary armature₂The relationship between satisfies: z ═ p₁±p₂And the modulation ratio G ═ p₁/p₂，G≤3；

In the modulation layer, the magnetic modulation blockIs equal to the sum of the width of the magnetic regulating layer winding and the width of the magnetic regulating layer winding_sWherein the width of the magnetic regulating block is 1/3 tau_s～1/2τ_s。

The number and the electric density of the coils of the modulation layer winding and the hollow winding layer winding are the same, but the number of turns of the coils of the two layers of windings is different;

the number of the modulation layer winding and the hollow winding layer winding is the same, and the modulation layer winding and the hollow winding layer winding are three-phase or multi-phase.

The positioning narrow strip is made of non-magnetic conductive and non-electric conductive materials and is inserted into and fixed in the shallow groove on the surface of the iron core.

The magnetic field modulation type permanent magnet linear generator is of a unilateral structure or a bilateral structure;

in the bilateral structure, the primary armature consists of two groups of modulation layers and a group of hollow winding layers, the phase number and the arrangement mode of the two groups of modulation layer windings and the group of hollow winding layer windings are the same, and the hollow winding layer is positioned between the two groups of modulation layers; the coil of the hollow winding layer is wound on the positioning narrow strip and is fixed between the upper and lower magnetic adjusting blocks; are connected in series or in parallel;

for a double-side structure motor, the polarities of the permanent magnets of the secondary in the mirror symmetry position are opposite, and a series magnetic circuit structure is formed by the permanent magnets and the primary armature which is compounded in a multilayer mode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention fully utilizes the modulated high harmonic magnetic field in the motor, amplifies the running speed of the permanent magnet flux linkage within a polar distance range, and leads the motor to generate higher thrust density. Meanwhile, a hollow winding layer without magnetic saturation is introduced, so that the motor has high overload capacity and small winding inductance, and the dynamic response performance of the motor is improved.

2. The magnetic adjusting block with a chamfer angle, a fillet or a trapezoidal small tooth structure is adopted, so that the sudden change of the air gap magnetic conductance of the motor is relieved, the positioning force of the motor is further inhibited, the average air gap length of the motor is increased, an invalid high-frequency subharmonic magnetic field is reduced, and the motor has smaller thrust fluctuation.

3. The invention can form a multilayer composite armature permanent magnet linear generator with a bilateral structure and can obtain higher electromagnetic thrust. Meanwhile, the motor provided by the invention is in a flat plate shape or a cylindrical shape, and can be suitable for various application occasions with requirements on the appearance of the motor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the securement of the hollow winding layer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of the magnetic field profile and winding back emf for the motor of the present invention;

FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of a second magnetic tuning block optimization method of the present invention;

FIG. 4b is a third schematic diagram of the magnetic tuning block optimization method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the optimization effect of the positioning force of the motor according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic of the bilateral structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8a is a schematic illustration of a plate-shaped structure of the present invention;

FIG. 8b is a schematic of the cylindrical configuration of the present invention;

reference numbers in the figures: 1, a second level; 1a yoke plate; 1b an array of permanent magnets; 2a primary armature; 2a modulation layer; 2b a hollow winding layer; 2c an iron core layer; 3, an air gap; 4, a magnetic adjusting block; 5, modulating a layer winding; 6 hollow winding layer winding; 7 iron core; 8 positioning the narrow strip; 9 direction of motion; 10 series magnetic circuit; 11, chamfering; 12 trapezoidal small teeth; 13 Halbach permanent magnet arrays; 14 a plate-shaped structure; 15 cylindrical configuration.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.