阅读说明：本技术 一种用于光伏电池器件的动力学测试装置及测试方法 (Dynamics testing device and method for photovoltaic cell device ) 是由 于嫚 张群兵 赵肖娟 曹凤香 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于光伏电池器件的动力学测试装置,包括电池夹具、稳态光源、瞬态脉冲光源、示波器以及变阻器；电池夹具用于固定待测光伏电池器件；稳态光源用于发出稳态光以辐照待测光伏电池器件,使待测光伏电池器件内部产生稳态光电压信号；瞬态脉冲光源用于发出瞬态脉冲光以辐照待测光伏电池器件,使待测光伏电池器件内部产生瞬态光电压信号；示波器用于实时采集稳态光电压变化信号和瞬态光电压变化信号；变阻器以并联方式设置在待测光伏电池器件的正负极两端进行电阻调控,以改变待测光伏电池器件的不同负载条件。本发明能够实现太阳能光伏器件在真实工作状态下的动力学测试,以便于进行器件在真实工作状态下的动力学研究。(The invention discloses a dynamics testing device for a photovoltaic cell device, which comprises a cell clamp, a steady-state light source, a transient pulse light source, an oscilloscope and a rheostat, wherein the cell clamp is used for clamping a photovoltaic cell; the battery clamp is used for fixing the photovoltaic battery device to be tested; the steady-state light source is used for emitting steady-state light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to generate a steady-state photovoltage signal inside the photovoltaic cell device to be detected; the transient pulse light source is used for emitting transient pulse light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to generate a transient photovoltage signal inside the photovoltaic cell device to be detected; the oscilloscope is used for acquiring a steady-state photovoltaic voltage change signal and a transient photovoltaic voltage change signal in real time; the rheostat is arranged at the two ends of the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested in a parallel mode to regulate and control the resistance so as to change different load conditions of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested. The invention can realize the dynamic test of the solar photovoltaic device in the real working state, so as to facilitate the dynamic research of the device in the real working state.)

1. A dynamics testing device for a photovoltaic cell device is characterized by comprising a cell clamp, a steady-state light source, a transient pulse light source, an oscilloscope and a rheostat;

the battery clamp is used for fixing a photovoltaic battery device to be tested;

the steady-state light source is used for emitting steady-state light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to generate a steady-state photovoltage signal inside the photovoltaic cell device to be detected;

the transient pulse light source is used for emitting transient pulse light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to enable the photovoltaic cell device to be detected to generate a transient photovoltage signal, wherein a light spot of the transient pulse light and a light spot of the steady state light can be superposed at the photovoltaic cell device to be detected;

the oscilloscope is used for acquiring a steady-state photovoltaic voltage change signal and a transient photovoltaic voltage change signal in real time, and a voltage test loop is formed between the oscilloscope and a photovoltaic cell device to be tested fixed on the cell clamp;

the rheostat is arranged at the two ends of the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested in a parallel mode to regulate and control the resistance so as to change different load conditions of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested.

2. The kinetic testing device for photovoltaic cell devices as set forth in claim 1, wherein the steady state light source comprises a regulated and/or constant current power source and an LED lamp electrically connected to the regulated and/or constant current power source.

3. The dynamic testing device for photovoltaic cell devices according to claim 1, wherein the transient pulse light source comprises a laser and a pulse generator, the laser and the pulse generator are electrically connected, and the pulse generator is used for controlling pulse width of pulse light so that the laser emits pulse light with different pulse width; the pulse generator is a DG535 four-channel digital delay pulse generator.

4. A kinetic test method for a photovoltaic cell device, characterized in that a kinetic test is performed on a photovoltaic cell device to be tested by using a kinetic test apparatus for a photovoltaic cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

step 1, fixedly arranging a photovoltaic cell device to be tested on a photovoltaic cell clamp, controlling a voltage stabilizing/constant current power supply to output voltage/current to light an LED lamp, adjusting light paths of a steady-state light source and a transient pulse light source to enable light spots of steady-state light and transient pulse light to coincide on the photovoltaic cell device to be tested, and correspondingly connecting the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested with an oscilloscope;

step 2, adjusting the light intensity of the LED lamp to enable steady-state light with certain intensity to irradiate on the photovoltaic cell device, and enabling the cell to generate photovoltage V under the condition of open circuit_phRecording the magnitude of the photovoltage through an oscilloscope, opening the pulse light, and generating perturbation voltage on the basis of the steady photovoltage

step 3, after the data is recorded, clicking a Stop button on the oscilloscope, simultaneously blocking the pulse light by a light barrier, connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device in parallel, directly connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device in parallel through wires, and connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device into a circuit;

and 4, keeping the light intensity of the steady-state light unchanged, adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistance box to gradually reduce the steady-state voltage by 50mv, and recording dynamic attenuation signals of the working voltage when different loads are applied through an oscilloscope.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell devices, in particular to a dynamics testing device and a dynamics testing method for a photovoltaic cell device.

Background

At present, transient photovoltage and photocurrent experiments are often adopted in experiments to obtain carrier dynamics in a device under two extreme conditions (namely, open-circuit and short-circuit conditions), wherein the two extreme conditions are that either output current is zero (open circuit) or output voltage (short circuit) is zero, and the device does not output power to the outside as a whole. The solar cell is an important device in industrial application, the device has power output to the outside when the solar cell is applied, the final purpose of researching the solar cell is to better apply the solar cell to the industry, the dynamics research of the device under the real working state is unknown, and under the unknown condition, any scientific basis cannot be better provided for the process preparation and design of the device. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a test means for the dynamic study of a photovoltaic cell device, i.e. a solar cell, under the real working condition.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a dynamics testing device and a dynamics testing method for a photovoltaic cell device, aiming at the problem that the prior art can not carry out dynamics research under the real working state of the photovoltaic cell device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by:

a dynamics testing device for a photovoltaic cell device comprises a cell clamp, a steady-state light source, a transient pulse light source, an oscilloscope and a rheostat;

the battery clamp is used for fixing a photovoltaic battery device to be tested;

the steady-state light source is used for emitting steady-state light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to generate a steady-state photovoltage signal inside the photovoltaic cell device to be detected;

the transient pulse light source is used for emitting transient pulse light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to enable the photovoltaic cell device to be detected to generate a transient photovoltage signal, wherein a light spot of the transient pulse light and a light spot of the steady state light can be superposed at the photovoltaic cell device to be detected;

the oscilloscope is used for acquiring a steady-state photovoltaic voltage change signal and a transient photovoltaic voltage change signal in real time, and a voltage test loop is formed between the oscilloscope and a photovoltaic cell device to be tested fixed on the cell clamp;

the rheostat is arranged at the two ends of the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested in a parallel mode to regulate and control the resistance so as to change different load conditions of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested.

Further, the steady-state light source comprises a voltage-stabilizing/or constant-current power supply and an LED lamp, and the LED lamp is electrically connected with the voltage-stabilizing/or constant-current power supply.

Further, the transient pulse light source comprises a laser and a pulse generator, the laser is electrically connected with the pulse generator, and the pulse generator is used for controlling the pulse width of pulse light so that the laser emits pulse light with different pulse widths; the pulse generator is a DG535 four-channel digital delay pulse generator.

The invention also provides a dynamic test method for the photovoltaic cell device, which adopts the dynamic test device for the photovoltaic cell device to carry out dynamic test on the photovoltaic cell device to be tested and comprises the following steps:

step 1, fixedly arranging a photovoltaic cell device to be tested on a photovoltaic cell clamp, controlling a voltage stabilizing/constant current power supply to output voltage/current to light an LED lamp, adjusting light paths of a steady-state light source and a transient pulse light source to enable light spots of steady-state light and transient pulse light to coincide on the photovoltaic cell device to be tested, and correspondingly connecting the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested with an oscilloscope;

step 2, adjusting the light intensity of the LED lamp to enable steady-state light with certain intensity to irradiate on the photovoltaic cell device, and enabling the cell to generate photovoltage V under the condition of open circuit_phRecording the magnitude of the photovoltage through an oscilloscope, opening the pulse light, and generating perturbation voltage on the basis of the steady photovoltage

By attenuation sheet control, make

Recording a voltage attenuation signal in an open-circuit state under the light intensity through an oscilloscope;

step 3, after the data is recorded, clicking a Stop button on the oscilloscope, simultaneously blocking the pulse light by a light barrier, connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device in parallel, directly connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device in parallel through wires, and connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device into a circuit;

and 4, keeping the light intensity of the steady-state light unchanged, adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistance box to gradually reduce the steady-state voltage by 50mv, and recording dynamic attenuation signals of the working voltage when different loads are applied through an oscilloscope.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the dynamic test method realizes the dynamic test of the solar photovoltaic device in a real working state (with power output), and synchronously obtains the external output power and carrier attenuation power results of the photovoltaic device in the working state in situ.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic testing apparatus for a photovoltaic cell device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the invention, a dynamics testing device for a photovoltaic cell device is provided, which comprises a cell clamp 1, a steady-state light source 2, a transient pulse light source, an oscilloscope 3 and a rheostat 4;

the battery clamp 1 is used for fixing a photovoltaic battery device to be tested;

the steady-state light source 2 is used for emitting steady-state light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to generate a steady-state photovoltage signal inside the photovoltaic cell device to be detected;

the transient pulse light source is used for emitting transient pulse light to irradiate the photovoltaic cell device to be detected so as to enable the photovoltaic cell device to be detected to generate a transient photovoltage signal, wherein a light spot of the transient pulse light and a light spot of the steady state light can be superposed at the photovoltaic cell device to be detected;

the oscilloscope 3 is used for acquiring a steady-state photovoltage change signal and a transient photovoltage change signal in real time, and a voltage test loop is formed between the oscilloscope and a photovoltaic cell device to be tested fixed on the cell clamp;

the rheostat 4 is arranged at the two ends of the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested in a parallel mode to regulate and control the resistance so as to change different load conditions of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the steady-state light source 2 includes a voltage-stabilizing/constant-current power supply 21 and an LED lamp 22 electrically connected to the voltage-stabilizing/constant-current power supply.

The transient pulse light source comprises a laser 5 and a pulse generator 6, the laser 5 is electrically connected with the pulse generator 6, and the pulse generator 6 is used for controlling the pulse width of pulse light so that the laser 5 emits pulse light with different pulse widths; pulse generator 6 is a DG535 four-channel digital delay pulse generator.

The embodiment of the invention provides a dynamic test method for a photovoltaic cell device, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, fixedly arranging a photovoltaic cell device to be tested on a photovoltaic cell clamp, controlling a voltage stabilizing/constant current power supply to output voltage/current to light an LED lamp, adjusting light paths of a steady-state light source and a transient pulse light source to enable light spots of steady-state light and transient pulse light to coincide on the photovoltaic cell device to be tested, and correspondingly connecting the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic cell device to be tested with an oscilloscope (1M omega) for acquiring and recording transient signals;

step 2, adjusting the light intensity of the LED lamp to enable the LED lamp to have steady-state light with certain intensity (the light intensity I is 100 Mw/cm)²) Irradiated on a photovoltaic cell device, photovoltaic cell deviceThe member generating a photovoltage V under open circuit conditions_phRecording the magnitude of the photovoltage through an oscilloscope, opening the pulse light, and generating perturbation voltage on the basis of the steady photovoltage

By attenuation sheet control, makeRecording a voltage attenuation signal in an open-circuit state under the light intensity through an oscilloscope; according to the dynamics approximation theory, the dynamics of the steady-state photovoltage can be considered, so that the dynamics of the steady-state photovoltage can be obtained. This decay kinetics is displayed and recorded by an oscilloscope.

Step 3, after the data is recorded, clicking a Stop button on the oscilloscope, simultaneously blocking the pulse light by a light barrier, connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device in parallel, directly connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device in parallel through wires, and connecting the resistance changing box and the battery device into a circuit;

and 4, keeping the light intensity of the steady-state light unchanged, adjusting the resistance value of the variable resistance box to gradually reduce the steady-state voltage by 50mv, and recording dynamic attenuation signals of the working voltage when different loads are applied through an oscilloscope. Because the oscilloscope is used for recording data, the resistance (1M omega) of the oscilloscope cannot be ignored, so that the equivalent processing is equivalent to a battery device when the data is calculated later, and the parallel resistance of the two resistors (the resistance for regulating and controlling the resistance of the oscilloscope and the resistance-changing box) performs power output, namely the principle of calculating the power output later.

Step 5, adjusting the resistance of the resistance changing box, measuring the voltage V1 output by the battery device at the moment, turning on pulse light, repeating the test method of photoelectric attenuation in step 2, and obtaining the light intensity (light intensity I is 100 Mw/cm) of the device in a certain steady state²) The decay dynamics under different external output conditions are adopted, so that the data of the battery device under one light intensity is measured.

And 6, regulating and controlling the intensity of the steady-state light, and measuring the power output and the dynamic process of the battery under different light intensities.

For example, for a sample of photovoltaic cells, the LED intensity is 80mW/cm under open circuit conditions²The open-circuit voltage of the battery is 740mV, and a photovoltage attenuation signal under the open-circuit condition is firstly recorded in an experiment; then keeping the light intensity unchanged, adjusting the resistance value of the rheostat to enable the steady-state voltage on the oscilloscope to respectively reach 700mV, 650mV and 600mV to 50mV, and respectively recording the resistance value of the rheostat at each working voltage and the attenuation dynamics results of different working voltages; and finally, recording a photocurrent attenuation signal under a short-circuit condition, namely completing the complete dynamic change of the battery from open circuit to short circuit under the light intensity. The LED intensity is then adjusted to bring the battery to another open circuit voltage and the decay signal from open circuit to short circuit is measured again in the same way. The obtained voltage decay curve can obtain a corresponding kinetic time constant through exponential fitting. The output power in the state can be calculated according to ohm's law by considering the relation between the working voltage and the resistance only when no pulse light is applied through the equivalent circuit. According to ohm's law, the equivalent resistance of the external circuit can be calculated as R_EWhere R is the input impedance of the digital oscilloscope (1M Ω), and R is a variable resistor. The current density may be represented by J ═ V according to the voltage and resistance obtained from the equivalent circuit_work/SR_EIt was determined where S is the effective area of the LED spot (2 mm).

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.