Presser feeding blowout prevention control device and control method
阅读说明：本技术 一种压榨机进料防喷控制装置及防喷控制方法 (Presser feeding blowout prevention control device and control method ) 是由 胡军驰 纪智荣 赵敏洁 朱鹏耀 刘道广 于 2019-12-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种压榨机进料防喷控制装置及防喷控制方法。设置进料压力传感器、小油缸压力传感器、大油缸压力传感器分别与PLC输入端连接；PLC输出端与设在小油缸进油管路上的比例溢流阀连接,通过控制比例溢流阀的开度控制小油缸压力；PLC输出端与驱动进料泵的变频电机连接；通过控制驱动进料泵的变频电机的转速来控制进料速度；在PLC控制程序中设定一个A值即ΔP×S<Sub>1</Sub>的最大值,在物料进料过程中,采集P1、P2、P3实时数据,对ΔP×S<Sub>1</Sub>的值即B值进行持续运算,一旦B值超过A值,就停止进料进行压榨；由此通过反馈压力数值,自动调整进料流速、小油缸压力,监控设备运行。该方法能从源头对整体设备进行防喷料监控调整,解决进料喷料问题。(The invention discloses a control device and a control method for preventing blowout of feeding of a presser. A feeding pressure sensor, a small oil cylinder pressure sensor and a large oil cylinder pressure sensor are respectively connected with the input end of the PLC; the output end of the PLC is connected with a proportional overflow valve arranged on an oil inlet pipeline of the small oil cylinder, and the pressure of the small oil cylinder is controlled by controlling the opening of the proportional overflow valve; the output end of the PLC is connected with a variable frequency motor for driving the feeding pump; controlling the feeding speed by controlling the rotating speed of a variable frequency motor driving the feeding pump; setting a value A, namely delta P multiplied by S in a PLC control program 1 The maximum value of (1) is that real-time data of P1, P2 and P3 are collected in the process of feeding materials, and the data are measured for delta P multiplied by S 1 The value of (A) is continuously operated on, oneStopping the feeding and pressing when the B value exceeds the A value; therefore, the feeding flow speed and the pressure of the small oil cylinder are automatically adjusted by feeding back the pressure value, and the operation of the equipment is monitored. The method can monitor and adjust the whole equipment for preventing the material spraying from the source, and solve the problem of feeding and material spraying.)
1. A control device is prevented spouting in squeezer feeding, its characterized in that, it includes: the squeezer comprises a squeezer body, a feeding system, a hydraulic system and a PLC control system; the squeezer body comprises a plurality of filter plate frames which are arranged in sequence; each filter plate frame comprises a plate frame and a bearing plate, filter cloth is coated outside the plate frame, a plurality of small oil cylinders are arranged around the space between the plate frame and the bearing plate, the cylinder bodies of the small oil cylinders are arranged in the plate frame, and the top ends of piston rods of the small oil cylinders prop against the bearing plate; the rear outer surface of the plate frame of the last filter plate frame of the squeezer body is propped against the front outer surface of the push plate; the top end of a piston rod of the large oil cylinder props against the rear outer surface of the pushing plate; the feeding system comprises a feeding pump and a feeding hole; a feed inlet is formed in the center of the foremost filter plate frame of the squeezer body; the feeding pump is connected with the feeding hole; the hydraulic system is used for supplying oil to the small oil cylinder and the large oil cylinder; the overflow valve on the oil inlet pipe of the small and medium oil cylinder in the hydraulic system is a proportional overflow valve;
the PLC control system comprises a PLC controller; a feeding pressure sensor is arranged at a feeding hole of the squeezer or an outlet of the feeding pump; a small oil cylinder pressure sensor is arranged at an oil inlet of the small oil cylinder; a large oil cylinder pressure sensor is arranged at an oil inlet of the large oil cylinder; the feeding pressure sensor, the small oil cylinder pressure sensor and the large oil cylinder pressure sensor are respectively connected with the input end of the PLC; the output end of the PLC is connected with a proportional overflow valve arranged on an oil inlet pipeline of the small oil cylinder, and the pressure of the small oil cylinder can be controlled by controlling the opening of the proportional overflow valve; the output end of the PLC is connected with a motor for driving the feeding pump or a proportional valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump; the feeding speed can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of a motor driving the feeding pump or controlling the opening degree of a proportional valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump.
2. The presser feed blowout prevention control device according to claim 1, wherein the feed pump is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the output end of the PLC controller is connected with the variable frequency motor for driving the feed pump; the speed of the feed pump can be controlled by controlling the working frequency of a variable frequency motor driving the feed pump, so that the feed speed is controlled.
3. The control device for preventing the blowout of the feeding machine of the presser in claim 1, wherein the feeding pump is driven by hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump is controlled by a hydraulic proportional valve or a proportional overflow valve, and the output end of the PLC is connected with the hydraulic proportional valve or the proportional overflow valve of the hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump; the speed of the feed pump can be controlled by controlling the opening of a hydraulic proportional valve or a proportional overflow valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feed pump, so that the feed speed is controlled.
4. A press feed blow out prevention control device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the press feed opening, i.e. the central feed opening, is designed to increase in diameter d by 55-65%.
5. A press feed blow out prevention control device as in claim 1, 2 or 3 wherein the press central feed hole length/is designed to be reduced by 10-15%.
6. A method for controlling feed blowout prevention of a press by using a press feed blowout prevention control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a blowout prevention monitoring program is added to the PLC control program, that is, a value a, that is, Δ P × S, is set in the PLC control program1Where Δ P is the on-way drag loss, S1The filtration area, i.e. the plate frame area minus the seal area S4; when the squeezer is in actual operation, in the process of material feeding, real-time pressure values of feeding pressure P1, small oil cylinder pressure P2 and large oil cylinder pressure P3 are acquired through a feeding pressure sensor, a small oil cylinder pressure sensor and a large oil cylinder pressure sensor, and a calculator in a PLC (programmable logic controller) is used for calculating delta P multiplied by S1The value of (A) is continuously calculated, and once the value of (A) is actually operated, the value of (B) is calculated1If the value of (B) exceeds the set value of (A), stopping feeding and squeezing; therefore, the feeding pressure, the pressure of the small oil cylinder and the feeding flow rate are automatically adjusted through the pressure values of P1, P2 and P3 fed back by the feeding pressure sensor, the pressure sensor of the small oil cylinder and the pressure sensor of the large oil cylinder; therefore, the operation of the equipment is monitored, and the material spraying is prevented.
7. A control method for feed blowout prevention of a press as recited in claim 6 wherein a value of A, Δ P x S, is set in the PLC control program1A maximum limit value of; and the calculated delta P multiplied by S is programmed in a PLC control program1The formula for calculating the value of real-time value B of (1): b ═ P1 × S1+ P2 × S2-P3 × S3; wherein S1 is the filtration area, S2 is the sum of the areas of all small oil cylinders, and S3 is the area of a large oil cylinder; in the process of material feeding, the PLC controller continuously collects values of a feeding pressure sensor, a small oil cylinder pressure sensor and a large oil cylinder pressure sensor, namely values of feeding pressure P1, small oil cylinder pressure P2 and large oil cylinder pressure P3 respectively, and then an arithmetic unit in the PLC controller calculates a formula according to the value B: continuously calculating B value P1 × S1+ P2 × S2-P3 × S3 to obtain B value, and calculating the obtained B value, namely Δ P × S1The real-time value of (a) and the set A value, i.e., Δ P × S1Maximum limit ofComparing the values; if the value B is close to the value A, the PLC controller controls the working frequency of a motor for driving the feeding pump or controls the opening of a proportional valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump to reduce the speed of the feeding pump, so that the feeding speed v is reduced; meanwhile, the PLC controls the opening degree of a proportional overflow valve on an oil inlet pipe of the small oil cylinder to increase the pressure P2 value of the small oil cylinder; when the feeding speed v is reduced to the minimum value and the small cylinder pressure P2 value is increased to the maximum value, the value B still rises; and when the value B is larger than or equal to the value A, the PLC controls the feed pump to stop running, the squeezer finishes feeding, and the squeezing program is switched.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge press filtration dehydration, and relates to a control device and a control method for preventing blowout of feeding of a presser.
Background
A plate-frame type oil cylinder presser (hereinafter referred to as presser) is a filter pressing mechanical device widely applied to sludge dewatering treatment. The automatic feeding device generally comprises a squeezer body, a feeding system, a hydraulic system and a PLC control system; the squeezer body comprises a plurality of filter plate frames which are arranged in sequence; each filter plate frame comprises a plate frame and a bearing plate (thrust plate), filter cloth is coated outside the plate frame, a plurality of small oil cylinders (plunger cylinders) are arranged around the plate frame and the bearing plate, the cylinder bodies of the small oil cylinders are arranged in the plate frame, and the top ends of piston rods of the small oil cylinders prop against the bearing plate; the rear outer surface of the plate frame of the last filter plate frame of the squeezer body is propped against the front outer surface of the push plate; the top end of a piston rod of the large oil cylinder props against the rear outer surface of the pushing plate; the feeding system comprises a feeding pump and a feeding hole; a feed inlet is formed in the center of the foremost filter plate frame of the squeezer body; the hydraulic system is used for supplying oil to the small oil cylinder and the large oil cylinder; the PLC control system is used for controlling the feeding process and the squeezing process.
In the feeding process of the plate and frame type oil cylinder press, the balance among the feeding pressure P1 of the plate frame, the pressure P2 of the small oil cylinder and the pressure P3 of the large oil cylinder is not controlled well, so that the sealing force of the plate frame is reduced, and the phenomenon of leaking and spraying materials between the plate frame and the bearing plate, namely, the material spraying of the press, is caused. The material is spouted to the squeezer is the problem that often appears in work, not only can influence the circulation of squeezer system for the operation can't normally be gone on, still can directly damage filter cloth and filter plate when serious, leads to certain life safety even, adds use cost for the enterprise.
The existing squeezer equipment generally has the following actions for preventing the blowout:
1. in the presser industry, the sealing of the plate frame usually adopts a method of adding a sealing strip or a locking force to prevent the material spraying during the feeding of the equipment, so that the normal operation of the equipment can be maintained. However, the sealing tape is aged, and therefore, the sealing force is continuously decreased with the aging of the sealing tape, and thus, a complete reliable seal cannot be made.
2. And a protective cover is added on the outer side of the equipment. The increase of the protective cover only can make the wave-reaching surface a little bit after the material is sprayed, so that the treatment is temporary and permanent.
Therefore, it is necessary to research how to start with the feeding operation principle of the press, to explore the reasons for material spraying of the equipment, and to solve the material spraying problem of the press by adding the material spraying prevention monitoring program.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a feeding blowout prevention control device and a blowout prevention control method for a squeezer, which solve the problem of material spraying of the squeezer by adding a monitoring program for preventing material spraying.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a control device for preventing the feeding blowout of a presser, which comprises: the squeezer comprises a squeezer body, a feeding system, a hydraulic system and a PLC control system; the squeezer body comprises a plurality of filter plate frames which are arranged in sequence; each filter plate frame comprises a plate frame and a bearing plate, filter cloth is coated outside the plate frame, a plurality of small oil cylinders are arranged around the space between the plate frame and the bearing plate, the cylinder bodies of the small oil cylinders are arranged in the plate frame, and the top ends of piston rods of the small oil cylinders prop against the bearing plate; the rear outer surface of the plate frame of the last filter plate frame of the squeezer body is propped against the front outer surface of the push plate; the top end of a piston rod of the large oil cylinder props against the rear outer surface of the pushing plate; the feeding system comprises a feeding pump and a feeding hole; a feed inlet is formed in the center of the foremost filter plate frame of the squeezer body; the feeding pump is connected with the feeding hole; the hydraulic system is used for supplying oil to the small oil cylinder and the large oil cylinder; the overflow valve on the oil inlet pipe of the small and medium oil cylinder in the hydraulic system is a proportional overflow valve;
the PLC control system comprises a PLC controller; a feeding pressure sensor is arranged at a feeding hole of the squeezer or an outlet of the feeding pump; a small oil cylinder pressure sensor is arranged at an oil inlet of the small oil cylinder; a large oil cylinder pressure sensor is arranged at an oil inlet of the large oil cylinder; the feeding pressure sensor, the small oil cylinder pressure sensor and the large oil cylinder pressure sensor are respectively connected with the input end of the PLC; the output end of the PLC is connected with a proportional overflow valve arranged on an oil inlet pipeline of the small oil cylinder, and the pressure of the small oil cylinder can be controlled by controlling the opening of the proportional overflow valve; the output end of the PLC is connected with a motor for driving the feeding pump or a proportional valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump; the feeding speed can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of a motor driving the feeding pump or controlling the opening degree of a proportional valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump.
Furthermore, the feeding pump is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the output end of the PLC is connected with the variable frequency motor for driving the feeding pump; controlling the working frequency of a variable frequency motor driving a feeding pump; the speed of the feed pump (and at the same time the feed pump outlet flow) can be controlled to control the feed rate.
Furthermore, the feeding pump is driven by hydraulic pressure, a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump is controlled by a hydraulic proportional valve or a proportional overflow valve (namely the flow of hydraulic oil for driving the feeding pump is controlled by the hydraulic proportional valve or the proportional overflow valve), and the output end of the PLC is connected with the hydraulic proportional valve or the proportional overflow valve of the hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump; the speed of the feed pump (and the outlet flow of the feed pump) can be controlled by controlling the opening degree of a hydraulic proportional valve or a proportional overflow valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feed pump, so that the feed speed is controlled. The speed of the feed pump can be the rotating speed of the feed pump (screw pump) or the forward/backward speed of the plunger of the feed pump (plunger pump).
Further, the diameter d of the feed opening (namely the central feed opening) of the squeezer is increased by 55-65%, and the design is improved to be 200mm +/-20 mm from the original 120mm +/-10 mm.
Further, the length l of the central feeding hole of the presser is designed to be reduced by 10-15% (from 5600mm +/-100 mm to 5000 +/-100 mm), and the reduction can be realized by reducing the number of the presser plate frames.
According to the invention, the feeding blowout prevention control device of the presser is utilized to carry out feeding blowout prevention control on the presserThe preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a blowout prevention monitoring program in the PLC control program, namely, setting an A value, namely delta P multiplied by S, in the PLC control program1Where Δ P is the on-way drag loss, S1The filtration area, i.e. the plate frame area minus the seal area S4; when the squeezer is in actual operation, in the process of material feeding, real-time pressure values of feeding pressure P1, small oil cylinder pressure P2 and large oil cylinder pressure P3 are acquired through a feeding pressure sensor, a small oil cylinder pressure sensor and a large oil cylinder pressure sensor, and a calculator in a PLC (programmable logic controller) is used for calculating delta P multiplied by S1The value of (A) is continuously calculated, and once the value of (A) is actually operated, the value of (B) is calculated1If the value of (B) exceeds the set value of (A), stopping feeding and squeezing; therefore, the feeding pressure, the pressure of the small oil cylinder and the feeding flow rate are automatically adjusted through the pressure values of P1, P2 and P3 fed back by the feeding pressure sensor, the pressure sensor of the small oil cylinder and the pressure sensor of the large oil cylinder; therefore, the operation of the equipment is monitored, and the material spraying is prevented.
Further, a value of A, i.e., Δ P × S, is set in the PLC control program1A maximum limit value of; and the calculated delta P multiplied by S is programmed in a PLC control program1The formula for calculating the value of real-time value B of (1): b ═ P1 × S1+ P2 × S2-P3 × S3; wherein S1 is the filtration area, S2 is the sum of the areas of all small oil cylinders, and S3 is the area of a large oil cylinder; in the process of material feeding, the PLC controller continuously collects values of a feeding pressure sensor, a small oil cylinder pressure sensor and a large oil cylinder pressure sensor, namely values of feeding pressure P1, small oil cylinder pressure P2 and large oil cylinder pressure P3 respectively, and then an arithmetic unit in the PLC controller calculates a formula according to the value B: continuously calculating B value P1 × S1+ P2 × S2-P3 × S3 to obtain B value, and calculating the obtained B value, namely Δ P × S1The real-time value of (a) and the set A value, i.e., Δ P × S1Comparing the maximum limit values; if the value B is close to the value A, the PLC controller controls the working frequency of a motor for driving the feeding pump or controls the opening of a proportional valve of a hydraulic driving device of the feeding pump to reduce the speed of the feeding pump, so that the feeding speed v is reduced; meanwhile, the PLC controls the opening degree of a proportional overflow valve on an oil inlet pipe of the small oil cylinder to increase the pressure P2 value of the small oil cylinder; when the feed rate v isAfter decreasing to a minimum value (which is determined by the characteristics of the feed pump), while the value of the small cylinder pressure P2 increases to a maximum value, the value B still rises; and when the value B is larger than or equal to the value A, the PLC controls the feed pump to stop running, the squeezer finishes feeding, and the squeezing program is switched.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, through analysis of hydrodynamics, a blowout prevention monitoring program is added in a PLC control program, and the feeding pressure, the flow rate and the small oil cylinder pressure are automatically adjusted through feeding back a pressure value. Thereby can follow the source and prevent spouting material control adjustment to whole equipment, greatly reduced spout the loss that the material caused to the enterprise, improved the safety in utilization of equipment.
2. The control mode of the invention is successful in the field operation of a plurality of projects. The material phenomenon is often spouted in the feeding link to original equipment, adopts this monitoring mode after, has solved the feeding and has spouted the problem of material.
3. By adopting the control method in the presser industry, the sealing force required by the plate frame can be accurately calculated, and the risk of damage to the plate frame caused by incapability of accurately calculating the sealing force of the plate frame in the debugging stage is greatly reduced.
4. The control method can be applied to the anti-spraying material of an elastic presser, a van-type plate frame machine and a membrane separator, and is a reasonable control logic.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the presser structure and plate frame stress analysis in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the bearing surface (direction a) of the frame 1 of the press in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed blowout prevention control device of a presser (a feed pump is driven by a variable frequency motor) according to the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed blowout prevention control device of the squeezer (the feed pump is driven by hydraulic pressure).
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples.
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