阅读说明：本技术 一种漂浮式防波堤 (Floating breakwater ) 是由 宁光涛 冯开健 方兵 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种漂浮式防波堤,包括吸收波浪能的吸收单元,若干所述吸收单元通过排列连接组建成防波堤,所述吸收单元包括浮体、承载台、滑杆、固定杆和固定机构,所述承载台呈三角形,所述滑杆安装在所述承载台的三个角处,所述浮体套设在所述滑杆上,所述浮体与所述滑杆活动连接,所述浮体一半漂浮于水面上,一半沉在水面下,所述固定杆与所述承载台的底部转动连接,所述固定杆底部与所述固定机构连接,相邻的所述吸收单元之间通过锚链连接,本装置能对波浪能进行吸收、传导和削弱,波浪能被吸收和削弱后,波浪的动能和势能均大幅降低,其运动幅度也将明显减小,大大提高消波防浪效果。(The invention relates to a floating breakwater, which comprises absorption units for absorbing wave energy, wherein a plurality of absorption units are arranged, connected and assembled to form the breakwater, each absorption unit comprises a floating body, a bearing platform, a sliding rod, a fixed rod and a fixed mechanism, the bearing platform is triangular, the sliding rods are arranged at three corners of the bearing platform, the floating bodies are sleeved on the sliding rods and movably connected with the sliding rods, half of the floating bodies float on the water surface and half sink under the water surface, the fixed rods are rotatably connected with the bottom of the bearing platform, the bottoms of the fixed rods are connected with the fixed mechanism, adjacent absorption units are connected through anchor chains, the device can absorb, transmit and weaken wave energy, the kinetic energy and potential energy of waves are greatly reduced after the wave energy is absorbed and weakened, and the motion amplitude of the waves is also obviously reduced, greatly improving the wave-absorbing and wave-resisting effect.)

1. The floating breakwater is characterized in that the absorption units comprise floating bodies, bearing platforms, sliding rods, fixing rods and fixing mechanisms, the bearing platforms are triangular, the sliding rods are installed at three corners of the bearing platforms, the floating bodies are sleeved on the sliding rods and movably connected with the sliding rods, half of the floating bodies float on the water surface, half of the floating bodies sink under the water surface, the fixing rods are rotatably connected with the bottoms of the bearing platforms, the bottoms of the fixing rods are connected with the fixing mechanisms, and adjacent absorption units are connected through anchor chains.

2. A floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the floating body has a cylindrical structure.

3. A floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein an energy conversion device is connected to the absorption unit.

4. The floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing base and a mooring component, the fixing base is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixing rod, and the mooring component is connected with the fixing base.

5. A floating breakwater according to claim 4, wherein the mooring components comprise sinkers to which the front and rear ends of the fixing base are connected by anchor chains, sinkers to be placed on the seabed, and anchors to be connected one-to-one with the foremost and rearmost sinkers.

6. The floating breakwater according to claim 5, wherein the sinker has a hollow interior, a water hole is formed at the bottom of the sinker, an air pipe is formed at the top of the sinker, and an air valve is installed on the air pipe.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of breakwaters, and particularly relates to a floating breakwater.

Background

The breakwater is a building which is built in the water area of a port or the periphery of a certain part of the water area, prevents waves from directly invading the port, enables the water level in the port to be relatively calm, and can safely berth and load and unload ships. The structure of the breakwater can be generally divided into two types of heavy type and light type: the former is a traditional and common breakwater type, including slope breakwater, straight wall breakwater, hybrid breakwater and the like, the breakwater technology must be built from the sea bottom, and is only suitable for areas with water depth less than 10m and small waves, otherwise, the construction cost is very high; but also causes a great amount of earthwork to enter the sea, causing a problem of adverse environmental impact. Meanwhile, the existing breakwater technology has the problem of difficult deepwater construction. When an ocean engineering structure (such as a pier and the like) is built in the sea, a temporary cofferdam is often required to be built. All materials for constructing the cofferdam are disposable, so that not only is the environment damaged, but also the engineering cost is increased.

The light breakwater is researched according to the characteristic that wave energy is concentrated on the surface layer and the special requirements of engineering, such as a permeable breakwater, a floating breakwater, an air injection breakwater, a water jet breakwater and the like. All the light breakwaters are suitable for short-wave conditions, but are not designed according to wave characteristics, and have the defects of heavy structure, overlarge stress of an anchor system, poor wave-absorbing effect, easiness in damage, high maintenance requirement and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides the floating breakwater which can absorb, conduct and weaken wave energy, greatly reduce the kinetic energy and potential energy of waves after the wave energy is absorbed and weakened, obviously reduce the motion amplitude of the waves and greatly improve the wave-eliminating and wave-preventing effects.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

the invention provides a floating breakwater which comprises absorption units for absorbing wave energy, wherein the absorption units are arranged, connected and assembled to form the breakwater, each absorption unit comprises a floating body, a bearing platform, a sliding rod, a fixed rod and a fixing mechanism, the bearing platform is triangular, the sliding rods are arranged at three corners of the bearing platform, the floating bodies are sleeved on the sliding rods and movably connected with the sliding rods, half of the floating bodies float on the water surface, the other half of the floating bodies sink under the water surface, the fixed rods are rotatably connected with the bottom of the bearing platform, the bottoms of the fixed rods are connected with the fixing mechanisms, and adjacent absorption units are connected through anchor chains.

Preferably, the floating body has a cylindrical structure.

Preferably, the absorption unit is connected with an energy conversion device.

Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing base and an anchoring component, the fixing base is fixedly connected with the bottom of the fixing rod, and the anchoring component is connected with the fixing base.

Preferably, the mooring component comprises a sinking block, an anchor chain and an anchor, the front end and the rear end of the fixed base are connected with the sinking block through the anchor chain, the sinking block is placed on the seabed, and the anchor is connected with the front sinking block and the rear sinking block in a one-to-one mode.

Preferably, the sinking block is hollow, a water hole is formed in the bottom of the sinking block, an air pipe is arranged at the top of the sinking block, and an air valve is mounted on the air pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a floating breakwater, wherein a floating body rotates by the impact of waves and moves up and down along a sliding rod, the rotation of the floating body can transmit and weaken the received horizontal force, the sliding rod can generate an upward reaction force to resist and weaken wave energy when moving up and down, the floating body can drive a bearing platform to rotate after receiving horizontal thrust, the wave energy is further transmitted and weakened, the triangular bearing platform can cut and divide oncoming waves, the impact force received by the bearing platform is greatly reduced, the service life of the device is prolonged, the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the waves are greatly reduced after the wave energy is absorbed and weakened, the motion amplitude of the device is also obviously reduced, and the wave-eliminating and wave-preventing effects are greatly improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an absorption unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an absorption unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a breakwater surrounded by absorption units according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sinker in a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 absorption unit, 2 floating body, 3 bearing platform, 4 sliding rod, 5 fixing rod, 6 anchor chain, 7 fixing base, 8 sinking block, 9 anchor, 10 water hole, 11 air pipe and 12 air valve.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific embodiments are provided below, and the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.