阅读说明：本技术 用于小型钟表的机械钟表机构的带有菱形的横截面的平衡弹簧以及用于制造平衡弹簧的方法 (Balancing spring with a rhombic cross section for a mechanical clockwork of a small timepiece and method for producing a balancing spring ) 是由 H.沃尔弗利 B.辛德勒 M.施特莱彻 于 2018-06-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于小型钟表的机械钟表机构的带有菱形的横截面的平衡弹簧以及用于制造该平衡弹簧的方法。本发明涉及一种用于小型钟表的机械钟表机构的平衡弹簧,其中平衡弹簧实施为螺旋弹簧且具有卷旋横截面。根据本发明设置成,螺旋弹簧的卷旋横截面具有菱形的形状,其中菱形具有四个侧边、带有第一内角的两个第一角、带有第二内角的两个第二角、将两个第一角彼此连接的第一对角线、和将两个第二角彼此连接的第二对角线,其中第一对角线短于第二对角线,且其中第一内角大于第二内角。(Balance spring with a rhombic cross section for a mechanical clockwork of a small timepiece and method for producing the balance spring. The invention relates to a balancing spring for a mechanical clockwork of a small timepiece, wherein the balancing spring is embodied as a helical spring and has a convoluted cross section. According to the invention, it is provided that the spiral cross section of the helical spring has the shape of a rhombus, wherein the rhombus has four sides, two first corners with a first inner angle, two second corners with a second inner angle, a first diagonal connecting the two first corners to one another, and a second diagonal connecting the two second corners to one another, wherein the first diagonal is shorter than the second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle.)

1. A balance spring (1) for a mechanical horological mechanism of a small timepiece, wherein the balance spring is embodied as a coil spring and has a rolled cross section (2), characterized in that the rolled cross section (2) of the coil spring has the shape of a rhombus, wherein the rhombus has at least four sides (3), two first corners (4) with a first inner angle α, two second corners (5) with a second inner angle β, a first diagonal (6) connecting the two first corners to each other, and a second diagonal (7) connecting the two second corners to each other, wherein the first diagonal is shorter than the second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is larger than the second inner angle.

2. The balancing spring (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the two second corners (5) connected to each other by the second diagonal (7) are cut off parallel to the first diagonal (6), so that the diamond shape has two additional sides (8).

3. The balancing spring (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the spacing (9) between the two additional sides (8) is between 0.05mm and 0.2 mm.

4. A balancing spring (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in, that the two additional sides (8) have a length between 0.01mm and 0.05 mm.

5. Balancing spring (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the length of the first diagonal (6) is between 0.03mm and 0.07 mm.

6. Balancing spring (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the second inner angle β is between 3 ° and 30 °.

7. The balancing spring (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the second inner angle β is between 10 ° and 30 °.

8. The balancing spring (1) according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the transitions between the two additional sides (8) of the diamond shape and the respectively adjoining side (3) are rounded, wherein the radius (R) of the circle is between 0.005mm and 0.05 mm.

9. The balancing spring (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the convoluted cross section is implemented symmetrically both with respect to a first diagonal (6) and with respect to a second diagonal (7) of the rhombus.

10. The balancing spring (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the balancing spring (1) consists of a ceramic material, preferably a glass ceramic.

11. Clockwork for a small timepiece, with a balancing spring (1), characterized in that the balancing spring (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. Method for manufacturing a balancing spring (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the balancing spring is embodied as a coil spring and has a rolled cross section (2), characterized in that the balancing spring is manufactured from a blank (10), wherein the blank is composed of a ceramic material and is constructed by means of a selective laser ablation method such that the rolled cross section of the coil spring has the shape of a rhombus, wherein the rhombus has at least four sides (3), two first corners (4) with first inner angles α, two second corners (5) with second inner angles β, a first diagonal (6) connecting the two first corners to one another, and a second diagonal (7) connecting the two second corners to one another, wherein the first diagonal is shorter than the second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle.

13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the blank (10) is a disc.

14. A method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the blank (10) has a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.25 mm.

15. Method according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that a first V-shaped groove (13) is introduced by means of laser light on a first side edge (16) of the blank (10), wherein a second V-shaped groove (14) is likewise introduced by means of laser light on an opposite second side edge (17) of the blank (10), in such a way that the first and second grooves (13,14) lie one on top of the other and together form a break which separates the individual convolutions of the helical spring from one another.

16. Method according to any of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that an ultrashort pulsed laser (11) is used for performing the selective laser ablation method.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a balance spring for a mechanical clockwork for a small timepiece according to the preamble of independent claim 1. In particular, the invention relates to a balancing spring for a mechanical horological mechanism for a wristwatch or a pocket watch. Such a compensating spring is embodied as a helical spring and has a spiral cross section (or spiral cross section, windingsqueerschnitt). The winding cross section is not understood as the cross section of the complete balancing spring but as the only (or single, i.e. einzig) winding cross section of the balancing spring. The balancing spring forms, together with a so-called balance wheel (or "slave wheel", Hemmung), the escapement of a mechanical horological mechanism (or "rangefinder") and therefore directly affects the uniform timing and accuracy of the horological mechanism.

Background

A compensating spring according to the preamble of the independent claim is known from DE 102008029429 a 1. The winding cross section is embodied in the spring in a rectangular manner.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to advantageously improve a compensating spring of this type.

This object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. Therefore, in the case of a balancing spring according to the preamble of independent claim 1, there is a solution according to the invention of this task, namely that the spiral cross-section of the helical spring has the shape of a rhombus, wherein the rhombus has at least four sides, two corners with a first inner angle, two second corners with a second inner angle, a first diagonal connecting the two first corners to each other, and a second diagonal connecting the two second corners to each other, wherein the first diagonal is shorter than the second diagonal, and wherein the first inner angle is greater than the second inner angle.

The present invention provides the advantage of optimizing the stress distribution and unidirectional oscillation of the balancing spring by means of a diamond geometry. The diamond-shaped cross section likewise acts in a self-centering manner on the movement process (or movement sequence, Bewegungsablauf) of the compensation spring and stabilizes the compensation spring in the oscillation plane. By designing the diamond profile, it is possible for the planar moment of inertia of the coil spring and thus the spring rate (or so-called spring rate, i.e. the Federrate) to vary. The setting time of the clock mechanism, in which the geometry of the diamond cross section is determined accordingly, can thus be determined accurately. The shorter first diagonal of the rhombus preferably runs parallel to the plane of extent of the balancing spring. The longer second diagonal is therefore preferably perpendicular to the plane of extension of the balancing spring. The longer second diagonal therefore preferably runs parallel to the axis of the helix.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the two second corners of the rhombus, which are connected to one another by means of a second diagonal, are cut off parallel to the first diagonal, so that the rhombus has two additional sides. On the one hand, the spring rate can thus be determined very simply and accurately in the case of a design cross-sectional geometry. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the manufacture of the balance spring is simplified.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the distance between the two previously mentioned additional side edges is between 0.05mm and 0.2 mm. The balance spring according to the invention is thus particularly suitable for use in a clockwork of a small timepiece.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the two additional sides have a length between 0.01mm and 0.05 mm. Further preferably, the length of the first diagonal is between 0.03mm and 0.07 mm. A value of between 3 ° and 30 ° further preferred has proved particularly advantageous for the two internal angles of the profile cross section. Further preferably, the second interior angle is between 10 ° and 30 °.

The production of the balancing spring according to the invention is significantly simplified if the transitions between two additional sides of the diamond shape and respectively adjacent sides are rounded in a further preferred embodiment of the invention. Here, the radius of the circle is further preferably in the range between 0.005mm and 0.05 mm.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the convoluted cross section is embodied symmetrically not only with respect to a first diagonal of the rhomboid but also with respect to a second diagonal of the rhomboid. The spring rate can thereby be determined particularly simply and precisely. This embodiment also advantageously contributes to the production of the compensating spring according to the invention.

According to a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the compensating spring is made of a ceramic material. This results in a particularly accurate spring characteristic. On the other hand, this choice of material allows particularly simple changes in the winding cross section and therefore in the production. Particularly suitable for the production of the compensating spring according to the invention are glass ceramics. Suitable glass-ceramics are, for example, the glass-ceramic materials sold under the trade name Zerodur by Schott AG. The compensating spring can alternatively also be produced from an oxide ceramic, for example zirconium dioxide.

The invention also provides a method for producing a balancing spring according to the invention. According to the method according to the invention, the compensation spring is produced from a blank, wherein the blank consists of a ceramic material and is formed by means of a selective laser ablation method in such a way that it is adapted to the desired coiling cross section. The method according to the invention offers the advantage that compensation springs with different coiling cross sections and therefore also different spring characteristics can be produced from the same basic body. The complex and cost-intensive production of different cast shapes is dispensed with.

The blank is preferably a disc. Further preferably, the disk is of circular design. Further preferably, the blank has a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.25 mm.

The blank is composed of ceramic, and preferably glass-ceramic. In particular, the blank may be constructed from a material sold by the company SchottAG under the trade name Zerodur. Alternatively, the blank may also be composed of an oxide ceramic. Zirconium dioxide is particularly suitable here. The blank can be produced here in a spray casting process.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a V-shaped groove is introduced (or arranged, inserted or brought in) on a first side of the blank by means of a laser, wherein a second V-shaped groove is likewise introduced by means of a laser on an opposite second side of the blank, such that the first and second grooves are arranged one above the other and together form a break (or a split, a breach, or durchbreak) which separates the individual convolutions of the helical spring from one another.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an ultrashort pulse laser is used for carrying out the selective laser ablation method. In this way, precise and residue-free material removal can be achieved without problematic heat transfer.

The invention also provides a timepiece mechanism for a small timepiece with a balance spring according to the invention.

Drawings

Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Wherein:

FIG. 1: an embodiment of a balancing spring according to the invention is shown in a top view,

FIG. 2: there is shown a cross section of the convolution of the balancing spring according to the invention from figure 1 according to section line II marked in figure 1,

FIG. 3: a detailed view of a corner of the cross-sectional profile from figure 2 is shown,

FIG. 4: a blank in the form of a disc from which a balancing spring according to the invention is manufactured is shown in an oblique view,

FIG. 5: the disc from figure 4 is shown after the V-grooves have been introduced into the upper side of the disc,

FIG. 6: a cross-section through the disk from fig. 5 is shown along the sectional line VI drawn in fig. 5, and

FIG. 7: the cross section from fig. 6 is shown with a second groove drawn in dashed lines on the underside of the disc.

Detailed Description

For the following embodiments, like parts are marked with like reference numerals. As long as reference symbols are included in the figures (which are not explained in further detail in the dependent figure description), reference is made to the preceding or following figure description.

Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a compensating spring 1 according to the invention. The spiral shape of the balancing spring is clearly recognizable in this view.

The convolution cross-section of the balancing spring 1 is the same over the entire length of the spring body, only exemplarily drawn into the sectional plane ii in fig. 1 the dependent convolution cross-section is presented in fig. 2 as the image shows, the convolution cross-section 2 has essentially the shape of a diamond, the basic shape of a diamond has four sides 3, two first corners 4 with first inner angles α, two second corners 5 with inner angles β, a first diagonal 6 connecting the two first corners to each other, and a second diagonal 7 connecting the two second corners to each other, the first diagonal 6 of the basic shape is shorter than the second diagonal 7.

The actual winding cross section is only obtained by cutting two second corners 5 parallel to the first diagonal 6. The actual winding cross section thus does not have four but a total of six sides. The two additional sides obtained by cutting out the diamond-shaped matrix are marked in the drawing with the reference sign 8.

The distance 9 between the two additional sides 8 is advantageously between 0.05mm and 0.2mm according to the invention, the two additional sides 8 furthermore preferably have a length between 0.01mm and 0.05mm, the length of the first diagonal is further preferably between 0.03mm and 0.07mm, the second internal angle β is further preferably between 3 ° and 30 °, in the embodiment shown, the second internal angle is about 30 °.

In order to simplify the production of the compensation spring according to the invention, the transitions between the two additional sides 8 of the diamond shape and the respectively adjacent side 3 are rounded. The radius R of the circle is clearly visible in fig. 3 and is between 0.005mm and 0.05 mm.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, two opposite second corners 5 are each cut off at the same height, so that a convoluted cross section results which is embodied symmetrically both with respect to the first diagonal 6 and with respect to the second diagonal 7.

Next, a method for manufacturing the balance spring according to the present invention is described. The compensating spring is produced from a blank made of a ceramic material. Preferably, a blank made of glass ceramic is used here.

The blank is a circular disk 10 which is shown in an oblique view in fig. 4. The disk 10 is designed by means of a selective laser ablation method in such a way that a desired winding cross section results. For this purpose, a first V-shaped groove 13 is first introduced into the upper side 16 of the disk 10 by means of the laser beam 12 of the ultrashort pulse laser 11. The groove 13 is recognizable not only in fig. 5 but also in the sectional view from fig. 6. The V-shaped groove 13 marks the gap between the subsequent convolutions of the balancing spring and is therefore itself helically configured. As shown in fig. 6, the depth of the groove is about more than half the material thickness of the disk 10. The groove bottom is thus located below the line 15 in fig. 6, which line 15 marks the middle of the ceramic disc 10.

After the first groove 13 has been introduced into the upper side 16 of the disk 10, the disk 10 is turned over so that the lower side 17 of the disk can be formed with the laser 11. The V-shaped groove is now likewise introduced into the underside 17 by means of the laser. This second V-shaped groove is indicated in fig. 7 by a dashed line and is provided with reference sign 14. The two V-shaped grooves 13 and 14 are superimposed and together form a break which separates the individual convolutions of the helical balancing spring from each other.