阅读说明：本技术 一种花生清棵装置 (Peanut clearing device ) 是由 宋玉秋 辛明金 张本华 崔红光 徐燕 刘翠红 孔爱菊 邬立岩 单仁宝 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种花生清棵装置,属于农业机械技术领域,包括机架、清棵铲、铲臂、铲臂开合装置、铲臂旋转装置及调深装置,所述清棵铲为两个,两清棵铲平行成中心对称设置,两清棵铲的铲臂铰接在铲臂旋转装置的主轴上,铲臂开合装置的开合执行端分别连接铲臂旋转装置的主轴和铲臂,控制铲臂的开合,铲臂开合装置的驱动端连接铲臂旋转装置的支架上,铲臂旋转装置通过其支架连接调深装置,调深装置置于机架上。本发明可以保证清棵铲向外推土,同时防止其在旋转工作时刮掉子叶,可以将埋在土中的两片子叶和子叶叶腋间生长出的第一对侧枝露出地面,使地上部分枝叶增多,有效清除子叶下面土壤。(The utility model provides a peanut device of clearing, belongs to agricultural machine technical field, including frame, clear shovel, shovel arm device, shovel arm rotary device and the device of adjusting depth, clear shovel is two, two clear shovel are parallel to become central symmetry and set up, and the shovel arm of two clear shovel articulates on the main shaft of shovel arm rotary device, and the main shaft and the shovel arm of shovel arm rotary device are connected respectively to the execution end that opens and shuts of shovel arm device, controls opening and shutting of shovel arm, and on the drive end of shovel arm device of opening and shutting connected shovel arm rotary device's support, shovel arm rotary device connected the device of adjusting depth through its support, the device of adjusting depth was arranged in on the frame. The invention can ensure that the cleaning shovel bulldozes outwards, simultaneously prevent the cleaning shovel from scraping cotyledons when rotating, expose two cotyledons buried in the soil and the first pair of lateral branches grown between the axilla of the cotyledon leaf to the ground, increase branches and leaves on the ground, and effectively clean the soil below the cotyledons.)

1. A peanut clearing device is characterized in that: the device comprises a rack, two clearing shovels, shovel arms, shovel arm opening and closing devices, shovel arm rotating devices and a depth adjusting device, wherein the two clearing shovels are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner and are parallel to each other, the shovel arms of the two clearing shovels are hinged to a main shaft of the shovel arm rotating device, opening and closing execution ends of the shovel arm opening and closing devices are respectively connected with the main shaft of the shovel arm rotating device and the shovel arms, opening and closing of the shovel arms are controlled, the driving ends of the shovel arm opening and closing devices are connected to supports of the shovel arm rotating devices, the shovel arm rotating devices are connected with the depth adjusting device through the supports of the shovel arm rotating devices, and the depth adjusting device is arranged on the rack.

2. The peanut kernel removing device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle α between the lower edge of the kernel removing shovel and the ground is 15-25 degrees, a shovel width b is 15-25 mm, the front end of the kernel removing shovel is provided with an oblique angle, the horizontal length m with the oblique angle is 10-20 mm, and the shovel tip width h is 5-10 mm.

3. The peanut kernel removing device according to claim 1, wherein the distance S between the two kernel removing shovels is 20-30 mm, and the length L from the kernel removing shovel point to the center of the vertical rod of the shovel arm ensures that the included angle β between the connecting line of the two shovel points and the shovel surface is 92-98 degrees.

4. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shovel arms of the two cleaning shovels are composed of a vertical rod and an inclined rod, the two shovel arms are arranged in parallel relatively, the connecting end with the cleaning shovel is a vertical rod, and the connecting end is hinged through the inclined rod; the height H of the vertical rods of the two cleaning shovel arms is larger than the height of peanut plants in cleaning seasons, and the distance B between the inner sides of the two vertical rods when the shovel arms are combined is larger than the spreading of the peanut plants.

5. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shovel arm opening and closing device comprises a shovel arm opening and closing motor, an opening and closing coupler, an opening and closing screw rod, an opening and closing nut and an opening and closing execution assembly, wherein the shovel arm opening and closing motor is connected with the opening and closing screw rod through the opening and closing coupler, the opening and closing nut matched and connected with the opening and closing screw rod is fixed at one end of the opening and closing execution assembly sleeved on a main shaft of the shovel arm rotating device, the other end of the opening and closing execution assembly is respectively connected to two inclined rods of two cleaning shovel arms, and the shovel arm opening and closing motor is fixed on a support of the shovel arm rotating device through.

6. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: the opening and closing execution assembly comprises an opening and closing sliding sleeve, a sliding ring, a pull rod I and a pull rod II, the pull rod I and the pull rod II are identical in structure and are formed by hinging two connecting rods, one end of the pull rod I and one end of the pull rod II are respectively connected with the shovel arm I or the shovel arm II, the other end of the pull rod I and the pull rod II are connected with the lower end of the opening and closing sliding sleeve, an annular groove is formed in the upper portion of the opening and closing sliding sleeve, a sliding ring is arranged in the annular groove, an opening and closing nut is fixed on the sliding ring, an opening and closing screw rod is driven by an opening and closing motor to rotate through the shovel arm, the opening and closing nut is driven to drive the opening and closing sliding sleeve to move up and down along.

7. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: the stroke P of the opening and closing nut ensures that the opening distance of the two cleaning shovels is larger than the extension of the peanut plant when the shovel arms are opened and closed, so that the cleaning shovels are prevented from scraping the peanut plant.

8. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shovel arm rotating device comprises a clearing motor, a clearing coupler, a main shaft and a support, the clearing motor is arranged on the support, the main shaft is installed on the support through a bearing, one end of the main shaft is connected to the output shaft end of the clearing motor through the clearing coupler, and the other end of the main shaft is connected with a hinge joint of the clearing shovel arm I and the clearing shovel arm II.

9. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device of deepening is including deepening the motor, deepening the shaft coupling, deepening the lead screw, deepening the nut, deepening the stand and deepening the sliding sleeve, deepening the stand and fixing in the frame, deepening the motor and installing on the deepening the stand through its deepening motor cabinet, deepening the motor output shaft and connect the deepening lead screw through its deepening shaft coupling, and the deepening nut of being connected with the cooperation of the deepening lead screw is fixed on the deepening sliding sleeve, the deepening sliding sleeve cover is arranged in on the deepening stand, slides along the deepening stand.

10. Peanut clearing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a distance measuring sensor is arranged below the rack and used for measuring the distance between the earth surface and the rack.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a peanut cleaning device.

Background

Peanut cleaning is an effective yield-increasing technology for field management. The method specifically comprises the steps that after peanut seedlings are leveled, two fertile cotyledons buried in soil and the first pair of lateral branches with most fructification and grown between cotyledon leaf axils are exposed out of the ground in time to carry out photosynthesis; the branches and leaves on the ground are increased, the stem branches are thick and strong, and the internodes are shortened. Can also promote the root system to expand and deeply prick, and improve the capability of absorbing fertilizer water. The single plant of the clean peanut has early flower bud differentiation and a large number, and is positioned at the base part, so the yield increasing effect is obvious. However, no peanut cleaning machine is available at present, and the cleaning of peanuts in the past is mainly completed manually. With rural labor transfer and land circulation, rural labor is seriously in short supply, and a plurality of farmers are helpless and do not clean peanuts, so that the normal yield of peanuts is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a peanut cleaning device which can expose the two cotyledons buried in the soil and the first pair of lateral branches grown between the axilla of the cotyledons to the ground to increase the branches and leaves on the ground.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a peanut cleaning device which comprises a rack, two cleaning shovels, shovel arms, shovel arm opening and closing devices, shovel arm rotating devices and depth adjusting devices, wherein the two cleaning shovels are arranged in parallel in a centrosymmetric mode, the shovel arms of the two cleaning shovels are hinged to a main shaft of the shovel arm rotating devices, opening and closing execution ends of the shovel arm opening and closing devices are respectively connected with the main shaft of the shovel arm rotating devices and the shovel arms to control opening and closing of the shovel arms, the driving ends of the shovel arm opening and closing devices are connected to supports of the shovel arm rotating devices, the shovel arm rotating devices are connected with the depth adjusting devices through the supports of the shovel arm rotating devices, and the depth adjusting devices are arranged on the rack.

Preferably, the included angle α between the lower edge of the cleaning shovel and the ground is 15-25 degrees, the shovel width b is 15-25 mm, the front end of the cleaning shovel is provided with an oblique angle, the horizontal length m with the oblique angle is 10-20 mm, and the shovel tip width h is 5-10 mm.

Preferably, the distance S between the two cleaning shovels is 20-30 mm, and the length L from the cleaning shovel tip to the center of the vertical rod of the shovel arm ensures that the included angle β between the connecting line of the two shovel tips and the shovel surface is 92-98 °.

Preferably, the shovel arms of the two cleaning shovels are composed of a vertical rod and an inclined rod, the two shovel arms are arranged in parallel relatively, the connecting end with the cleaning shovel is a vertical rod, and the connecting end is hinged through the inclined rod; the height H of the vertical rods of the two cleaning shovel arms is larger than the height of peanut plants in cleaning seasons, and the distance B between the inner sides of the two vertical rods when the shovel arms are combined is larger than the spreading of the peanut plants.

Preferably, the shovel arm opening and closing device comprises a shovel arm opening and closing motor, an opening and closing coupler, an opening and closing screw rod, an opening and closing nut and an opening and closing execution assembly, the shovel arm opening and closing motor is connected with the opening and closing screw rod through the opening and closing coupler, the opening and closing nut matched and connected with the opening and closing screw rod is fixed at one end of the opening and closing execution assembly sleeved on a main shaft of the shovel arm rotating device, the other end of the opening and closing execution assembly is respectively connected to inclined rods of two cleaning shovel arms, and the shovel arm opening and closing motor is fixed on a support of the shovel arm rotating device through an opening and.

Preferably, the actuating assembly that opens and shuts includes sliding sleeve, sliding ring, pull rod I and pull rod II that opens and shuts, pull rod I and II structures of pull rod are the same, constitute by two connecting rods are articulated, shovel arm I or shovel arm II are connected respectively to pull rod I and II one ends of pull rod, and the lower extreme of the sliding sleeve that opens and shuts is connected to the other end, and the sliding sleeve upper portion that opens and shuts has the annular, set up the sliding ring in the annular, split nut fixes on the sliding ring, opens and shuts the lead screw rotation through shovel arm opening and shutting motor drive, drives rather than complex split nut and drives the sliding sleeve that opens and shuts and reciprocate along shovel arm rotary device's main shaft to it drives pull rod I and pull rod II connected with it and drives the clear shovel arm I and clear shovel arm II simultaneously and.

Preferably, the stroke P of the opening and closing nut ensures that the opening distance of the two peanut cleaning shovels is greater than the spreading of the peanut plant when the shovel arms are opened and closed, so that the peanut plant is prevented from being scratched by the peanut cleaning shovels.

Preferably, the shovel arm rotating device comprises a straw clearing motor, a straw clearing coupling, a main shaft and a support, the straw clearing motor is arranged on the support, the main shaft is mounted on the support through a bearing, one end of the main shaft is connected to the output shaft end of the straw clearing motor through the straw clearing coupling, and the other end of the main shaft is connected with a hinge point of the straw clearing shovel arm I and the straw clearing shovel arm ii.

Preferably, the device of deepening is including the deepening motor, the shaft coupling of deepening, the lead screw of deepening, the nut of deepening, the stand of deepening and the sliding sleeve of deepening, the stand of deepening is fixed in the frame, and the motor of deepening is installed on the stand of deepening through its motor cabinet of deepening, and the motor output shaft of deepening is through its shaft coupling connection of deepening the lead screw of deepening, and the nut of deepening of being connected with the cooperation of the lead screw of deepening is fixed on the sliding sleeve of deepening, the sliding sleeve of deepening is arranged in on the stand of deepening, slides along the stand.

Preferably, a distance measuring sensor is further arranged below the machine frame and used for measuring the distance between the ground surface and the machine frame.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, two parallel centrosymmetric cleaning shovels are arranged, the shovel arm rotating device drives the cleaning shovels to rotate around seedlings, the shovel arm opening and closing device controls the opening and closing angle of the shovel arms of the cleaning shovels, the depth of the cleaning shovels deep into soil is controlled by the depth adjusting device, the cleaning shovels are enabled to bulldoze outwards, meanwhile, cotyledons are prevented from being scraped during rotation, two cotyledons buried in the soil and a first pair of lateral branches grown between axillary branches of the cotyledons can be exposed out of the ground, branches and leaves on the ground are increased, and the soil below the cotyledons is effectively cleaned.

2. The structural design of the cleaning shovel meets the requirements of cleaning depth and soil pit angle, and is convenient to clean soil below cotyledons without damaging the cotyledons. And the leaf cleaning shovel can be guaranteed to doze outwards, and meanwhile, the leaf cleaning shovel is prevented from being scraped off when the shovel rotates to work, and the leaf cleaning shovel is prevented from dozing inwards

3. The height of the vertical rods of the two cleaning shovel arms exceeds the height of peanut plants in cleaning seasons, and the inner side distance B when the shovel arms are combined is larger than the extension of the peanut plants, so that the peanut plants are prevented from being scratched when the shovel arms rotate. The shovel arm is guaranteed to be opened and closed by the stroke size P of the shovel arm opening and closing nut, the opening distance of the two cleaning shovels is larger than the spreading width of the peanut plant, and the cleaning shovels are prevented from scraping the peanut plant.

4. The shovel arm opening and closing device drives the opening and closing screw rod to rotate through the shovel arm opening and closing motor, drives the opening and closing nut matched with the shovel arm opening and closing screw rod to drive the opening and closing sliding sleeve to move up and down along the main shaft of the shovel arm rotating device, so that the pull rod I and the pull rod II connected with the shovel arm opening and closing device are driven to simultaneously drive the cleaning shovel arm I and the cleaning shovel arm II to open or close, the two cleaning shovel arms are parallel and rotate around seedlings, soil below cotyledons is cleaned, and peanut plants are not scratched.

5. The depth adjusting device drives the depth adjusting screw rod to rotate through the depth adjusting motor, and drives the depth adjusting nut which is fixed on the depth adjusting sliding sleeve and is in fit connection with the depth adjusting screw rod to generate displacement, so that the depth adjusting sliding sleeve sleeved on the depth adjusting upright post slides along the depth adjusting upright post, and the adjustment of the soil penetration depth of the cleaning shovel is realized.

6. The invention adopts an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor to measure the distance between the earth surface and the frame, and utilizes the depth adjusting motor to drive the depth adjusting screw rod and the nut to move according to the change of the measured distance, so that the soil cleaning shovel can move up and down to control the soil cleaning depth, thereby adapting to the uneven earth surface and preventing the over-deep or insufficient soil cleaning depth.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the two cleaning shovels in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a cleaning shovel I, a cleaning shovel arm I vertical rod 2, a cleaning shovel arm I, a pulling rod I, an opening-closing sliding sleeve 5, an opening-closing nut 6, an opening-closing screw rod 7, an opening-closing coupling 8, an opening-closing motor base 9, an opening-closing motor base 10, a shovel arm opening-closing motor 11, a support 12, a bearing 13, a cleaning coupling 14, a cleaning motor base 15, a cleaning motor base 16, a depth adjusting upright column 17, a suspension frame 18, a depth adjusting motor base 19, a depth adjusting motor base 20, a depth adjusting coupling 21, a depth adjusting screw rod 22, a depth adjusting sliding sleeve 23, a depth adjusting nut 24, a cover 25, a frame 26, a distance measuring sensor 27, a main shaft, a sliding ring 28, a 29, an annular groove, a pulling rod II, a cleaning shovel arm vertical rod 32 and a cleaning shovel 33.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.