阅读说明：本技术 一种医用管材及其制备方法 (Medical tube and preparation method thereof ) 是由 秦明林 李兆敏 刘敏 张新华 阙亦云 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种医用管材及其制备方法,所述医用管材的制备方法包括如下步骤：S1：获取医用管材；S2：将所述医用管材以及异氰酸酯溶液置于反应釜内,将二氧化碳充入所述反应釜,调节所述反应釜内的温度和压力,使所述反应釜内的二氧化碳处于超临界状态,反应后得到具有异氰酸酯基团的医用管材；S3：将步骤S2处理后的医用管材放入改性材料溶液中反应；得到涂层改性的医用管材。本发明通过超临界二氧化碳携带异氰酸酯的方法在医用管材表面引入活性官能团,使其能够与改性材料中的官能团发生化学反应,实现对医用管材的表面改性,提高医用管材的生物学性能。(The invention discloses a medical tube and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the medical tube comprises the following steps: s1: obtaining a medical tube; s2: placing the medical tube and isocyanate solution in a reaction kettle, filling carbon dioxide into the reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reaction kettle to enable the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle to be in a supercritical state, and reacting to obtain the medical tube with isocyanate groups; s3: putting the medical tube processed in the step S2 into a modified material solution for reaction; obtaining the medical tubing with modified coating. According to the invention, the active functional group is introduced to the surface of the medical tube by a method of carrying isocyanate by supercritical carbon dioxide, so that the active functional group can be chemically reacted with the functional group in the modified material, the surface modification of the medical tube is realized, and the biological performance of the medical tube is improved.)

1. The preparation method of the medical tubing is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: obtaining a medical tube;

s2: placing the medical tube and isocyanate solution in a reaction kettle, filling carbon dioxide into the reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reaction kettle to enable the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle to be in a supercritical state, and reacting to obtain the medical tube with isocyanate groups;

s3: and (5) putting the medical tube processed in the step (S2) into a modified material solution for reaction to obtain a modified medical tube.

2. The method for preparing a medical tubing according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the reaction time is 30-90 minutes.

3. The method for preparing a medical tube according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the temperature in the reaction kettle is adjusted to 90-120 ℃, and the pressure in the reaction kettle is adjusted to 8-14MPa, so that the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle is in a supercritical state.

4. The method for preparing a medical tubing according to claim 1, further comprising the following steps after the step S2: and (3) decompressing the reaction kettle, and cleaning and drying the medical tube by using acetone and deionized water.

5. The method of making a medical tubing of claim 1, wherein the isocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate or toluene diisocyanate.

6. The method for preparing a medical tube according to claim 1, wherein the modified material in step S3 is at least one selected from heparin, polyethylene glycol, phosphorylcholine, glycidyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, phosphorylcholine, and albumin.

7. The method for preparing a medical tube according to claim 6, wherein the modified material is heparin, and the concentration of the heparin solution is 20-40 mg/mL.

8. The method for preparing a medical tube according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the reaction temperature of the medical tube treated in the step S2 and the modified material is 25-30 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-24 h.

9. The method of manufacturing a medical tubing of any of claims 1-8, wherein the material of the medical tubing is at least one of polyether block amide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, thermoplastic polyurethane, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

10. A medical tubing, characterized in that it is obtained by the process for the preparation of a medical tubing according to any one of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a medical tube and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Thermoplastic medical tubing has been widely used in biomedical applications, such as small diameter medical catheters, angiographic catheters, urological catheters, catheter sheaths, catheter tips, and the like, due to its good biocompatibility. After the medical catheter enters a human body, the biological performance is mainly determined by the interaction between human tissues, body fluids and the like and the surface of the medical catheter. Meanwhile, the lubricity of the tubing determines the convenience in the surgical operation process. The biological performance and the mechanical performance of the existing thermoplastic medical tubing still have certain defects, so that the mechanical performance and the biocompatibility of the medical tubing can be improved by modifying the surface of the medical tubing.

Although the traditional treatment methods such as plasma, chemical grafting and chemical etching introduce active functional groups on the surface of the medical tubing to enhance the interface bonding property of the tubing and other substrates, the methods often cause damage to the mechanical strength of the medical tubing, and have high production cost and complex process procedures. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a simple and effective method for modifying medical tubing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical tube and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the biological performance of the medical tube.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a medical tube, which comprises the following steps: s1: obtaining a medical tube; s2: placing the medical tube and isocyanate solution in a reaction kettle, filling carbon dioxide into the reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reaction kettle to enable the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle to be in a supercritical state, and reacting to obtain the medical tube with isocyanate groups; s3: and (5) putting the medical tube processed in the step (S2) into a modified material solution for reaction to obtain a modified medical tube.

Preferably, in the step S2, the reaction time is 30 to 90 minutes.

Preferably, in step S2, the temperature in the reaction kettle is adjusted to 90-120 ℃, and the pressure in the reaction kettle is adjusted to 8-14MPa, so that the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle is in a supercritical state.

Preferably, after the step S2, the method further includes the following steps: and (3) decompressing the reaction kettle, and cleaning and drying the medical tube by using acetone and deionized water.

Preferably, the isocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate or toluene diisocyanate.

Preferably, the modifying material in step S3 is at least one selected from heparin, polyethylene glycol, phosphorylcholine, glycidyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, phosphorylcholine and albumin.

Preferably, the modified material is heparin, and the concentration of the heparin solution is 20-40 mg/mL.

Preferably, in the step S3, the reaction temperature of the medical tubing processed in the step S2 and the modified material is 25-30 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-24 h.

Preferably, the material of the medical tubing is at least one of polyether block amide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, thermoplastic polyurethane and polytetrafluoroethylene.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a medical tube prepared by the preparation method.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the medical tube and the preparation method thereof, the active functional group is introduced to the surface of the medical tube by a method of carrying isocyanate by supercritical carbon dioxide, and then the active functional group and the modified material are subjected to chemical reaction, so that the surface modification of the medical tube is realized, and the biological performance of the medical tube is improved. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, environmental friendliness and no pollution, and can be used for continuous large-scale production; the advantages of high toughness and high flexibility of the medical polymer tube are kept, biocompatibility and lubricity are given, and the clinical requirements of minimally invasive interventional medical tubes can be met.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

The medical tubing provided by the invention introduces active functional groups on the surface of the tubing by using the isocyanate carried by supercritical carbon dioxide, and then reacts with modified materials such as heparin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), phosphorylcholine, Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) or albumin, so that the biological performance of the medical tubing is improved.

When the temperature of the carbon dioxide exceeds 31.26 ℃ and the pressure exceeds 72.9 standard atmosphere (atm), the supercritical carbon dioxide state is entered. The supercritical carbon dioxide has the advantages of no toxicity, environmental protection, density close to liquid, viscosity close to gas, high diffusion coefficient, high dissolving and penetrating capacities and the like. The supercritical carbon dioxide can be used for dissolving various substances, and has important application in the fields of medicine extraction, foaming, sewage treatment and the like. The use of supercritical carbon dioxide also has great advantages when modifying the surface of medical tubing.

The preparation method of the medical tube provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

step S1: and obtaining the medical tubing.

Firstly, the medical tubing is cut into a size with a preset length, and the preset length can be set according to actual requirements. Then, the surface of the medical tubing is cleaned with an ethanol solution and deionized water to remove impurities. The ethanol solution can be 75% by mass. And finally, placing the medical tube in a vacuum oven for drying. The temperature of the vacuum oven may be set to 90 ℃.

Step S2: and placing the medical tube and isocyanate solution in a reaction kettle, filling carbon dioxide gas into the reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature and pressure in the reaction kettle to enable the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle to be in a supercritical state, and reacting to obtain the medical tube with isocyanate groups.

The cleaned and dried medical tubing and the isocyanate dissolved by acetone are placed in a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle. In the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature in the reaction vessel may be adjusted to 90 to 120 ℃. Filling carbon dioxide into the reaction kettle by using an air compressor, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to 8-14MPa to enable the carbon dioxide in the reaction kettle to be in a supercritical state, and immediately relieving pressure after reacting for 30-90 min. And cleaning unreacted isocyanate on the medical tubing by using acetone, cleaning the medical tubing by using deionized water to remove impurities, and finally drying the medical tubing by using nitrogen. In an embodiment of the present invention, the medical tubing may be at least one of polyether block amide (PEBA), Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), Polyamide (PA) (such as nylon 6(PA6), nylon 12(PA12)), Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the like, and the isocyanate may be Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI), Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), and the like.

Step S3: putting the medical tube processed in the step S2 into a modified material solution for reaction; obtaining the modified medical tubing.

Adding the medical tubing with isocyanate groups into the modified material solution, and reacting for 8-24h at the temperature of 25-30 ℃. And after the reaction is finished, cleaning the medical tube by using distilled water and drying the medical tube to obtain the modified medical tube. In an embodiment of the present invention, the modification material may be at least one selected from the group consisting of heparin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), phosphorylcholine, Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), phosphorylcholine, and albumin. And, the concentration of the modifying material is different, the thickness of the coating formed on the surface of the medical tubing after the reaction with the medical tubing is also different, generally the higher the concentration of the modifying material, the thicker the coating formed on the surface of the medical tubing. The isocyanate active functional group on the medical tube can react with the functional group in the modified material, thereby realizing the surface modification of the medical tube and improving the biological performance of the medical tube.