Antistatic agent, preparation method thereof, and preparation methods of paint and ceramic tile using antistatic agent
阅读说明：本技术 防静电剂及其制备方法和使用其的涂料、瓷砖的制备方法 (Antistatic agent, preparation method thereof, and preparation methods of paint and ceramic tile using antistatic agent ) 是由 王金凤 罗强 钟保民 徐瑜 于 2019-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种防静电剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤：混料：将以质量百分比计算的氧化锡60～80％、三氧化二锑0.2～10％、贝壳灰5～15％、石英5～12％和氧化铝0～5％混合均匀后得到混合料；煅烧：将混合料放入窑炉内煅烧7～8小时；水洗：将煅烧后的混合料破碎并水洗；造粒：将水洗后的混合料进行球磨,过筛得到防静电剂。本技术方案提出的一种防静电剂的制备方法,操作性强,经煅烧后能有效稳定防静电剂的防静电性能,提高防静电剂的适用性。进而提出一种防静电剂,其防静电效果稳定。再提出一种防静电涂料,用量极少即可达到极好的防静电效果,提高了防静电涂料的使用满意度。又再提出一种使用上述涂料的防静电瓷砖的制备方法,使防静电瓷砖的点对点电阻达到10<Sup>6</Sup>～10<Sup>8</Sup>Ω的标准。(The invention discloses a preparation method of an antistatic agent, which comprises the following steps: mixing materials: uniformly mixing 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide by mass percent to obtain a mixture; and (3) calcining: placing the mixture into a kiln to calcine for 7-8 hours; washing with water: crushing and washing the calcined mixture; and (3) granulation: and ball-milling the mixture after washing, and sieving to obtain the antistatic agent. The preparation method of the antistatic agent provided by the technical scheme has strong operability, can effectively stabilize the antistatic performance of the antistatic agent after calcination, and improves the applicability of the antistatic agent. Further, an antistatic agent having a stable antistatic effect is provided. And then provides an antistatic coating, and the dosage is very small, so that the excellent antistatic effect can be achievedThe static effect improves the use satisfaction of the antistatic coating. And also provides a preparation method of the anti-static ceramic tile using the coating, so that the point-to-point resistance of the anti-static ceramic tile reaches 10 6 ～10 8 The standard of Ω.)
1. The preparation method of the antistatic agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing materials: uniformly mixing 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide by mass percent to obtain a mixture;
and (3) calcining: placing the mixture into a kiln to calcine for 7-8 hours;
washing with water: crushing and washing the calcined mixture;
and (3) granulation: and ball-milling the mixture after washing, and sieving to obtain the antistatic agent.
2. The method for preparing an antistatic agent according to claim 1, wherein: in the calcining step, the calcining temperature is 1200-1300 ℃.
3. The method for preparing an antistatic agent according to claim 1, wherein: in the granulation step, the antistatic agent with the particle fineness of 325 meshes and the screen residue of less than or equal to 0.5 percent is obtained by sieving.
4. An antistatic agent prepared by using the preparation method of the antistatic agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide.
5. The antistatic agent according to claim 4, wherein: tin oxide: antimony trioxide (50-55): 1.
6. the antistatic agent as claimed in claim 4, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 75% of tin oxide, 1.5% of antimony trioxide, 10% of shell ash, 10% of quartz and 3.5% of aluminum oxide.
7. An antistatic coating using the antistatic agent as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of antistatic agent, 0-15% of conductive mica powder, 40-60% of water-based epoxy resin, 10-20% of curing agent, 0.1-6% of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.3% of wetting agent, 0.1-0.2% of defoaming agent and 0-19% of water.
8. An antistatic coating as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the particle size range of the conductive mica powder is 800 meshes.
9. A method for preparing an antistatic tile using the antistatic coating material as claimed in claim 7, comprising the steps of:
preparing an antistatic coating:
a. adding water and a dispersant in a formula amount into a container and uniformly mixing; adding the antistatic agent with the formula amount into the container, slowly adding the conductive mica powder and the water-based epoxy resin with the formula amount after grinding and dispersing, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a component I;
b. sequentially adding a curing agent, a wetting agent and a defoaming agent in a formula ratio into the component I, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antistatic coating;
preparing the anti-static ceramic tile:
A. grinding the side edges and the bottom edges of the prepared ceramic tiles and then drying in the air;
B. spraying the anti-static coating on the side edge of the ceramic tile by using a spray gun to form an anti-static coating on the side edge of the ceramic tile;
C. spraying the antistatic coating on the bottom surface of the ceramic tile by using a spray gun to form an antistatic coating on the bottom surface of the ceramic tile;
D. placing the ceramic tile with the anti-static coating in an environment of 50 ℃ and drying for more than 30 minutes to obtain the anti-static ceramic tile; or placing the ceramic tile with the antistatic coating at room temperature for drying for more than 6 hours to obtain the antistatic ceramic tile.
10. The method for preparing an antistatic tile according to claim 9, wherein: the thickness of the anti-static coating is 0.1-0.2 mm.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to an antistatic agent and a preparation method thereof, and a preparation method of a coating and a ceramic tile using the antistatic agent.
Background
The electrostatic phenomenon is very common in the production, processing and use processes of industries such as information industry, electronic industry, textile industry, petrochemical industry and the like. Since ceramics and other building materials in general have high electrical resistivity and are difficult to eliminate once electrostatically charged, the accumulation of these charges can be a significant hazard: such as damage to integrated circuits, interference with instrument signals, electrostatic discharge causing fires, etc.
The antistatic ceramic tile is generally produced by the following methods: 1. the semiconductor glaze is covered on the whole outer surface of the ceramic tile, and the method has high processing difficulty and is not suitable for large-scale production; 2. the upper surface and the side surface of the ceramic tile are covered with the semiconductor glaze, and the lower surface is coated with the grid-shaped conductive adhesive in a Chinese character 'jing' shape, the method needs special coating equipment, and the investment of manpower and material resources is large; 3. the semiconductor glaze covers the upper surface of the ceramic tile, and the conductive particles are arranged below the glaze layer, so that the contact stability of the semiconductor glaze and the static conductive material or the static conductive pointing agent of the ceramic tile at the lower part of the ceramic tile is not high when the method is used for laying, and the anti-static effect is poor.
In order to facilitate production, some production enterprises produce the antistatic coating for coating the surface of the ceramic tile, and although the ceramic tile using the antistatic coating can play a certain antistatic effect and is convenient to produce, the antistatic effect of the antistatic coating is far less than the requirement of GB26539-2011 on the antistatic ceramic tile. When the anti-static coating is used, the anti-static effect can be ensured only by forming a certain thickness on the surface of the ceramic tile, so that the common anti-static coating can only be coated on the upper surface of the ceramic tile, but the attractiveness of the ceramic tile is affected; if the anti-static coating is coated on the side edge or the lower surface of the ceramic tile, the normal paving and pasting of the ceramic tile can be affected by the excessively thick anti-static coating, and the decorative effect of the ceramic tile is seriously reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an antistatic agent, which has strong operability, can effectively stabilize the antistatic performance of the antistatic agent after calcination, and improves the applicability of the antistatic agent.
The invention also aims to provide an antistatic agent prepared by the preparation method of the antistatic agent, and the antistatic effect of the antistatic agent is stable.
The invention also aims to provide the antistatic coating using the antistatic agent, which has good antistatic effect, strong bonding force with the surface of a ceramic tile, and excellent antistatic effect can be achieved with very little dosage, so that the use satisfaction of the antistatic coating is improved.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the anti-static ceramic tile using the anti-static coating, so that the point-to-point resistance of the prepared anti-static ceramic tile reaches 106～108Omega's standard reaches the requirement of GB26539-2011 antistatic ceramic tile, and its antistatic coating that has is extremely thin, reaches under the prerequisite of antistatic effect, does not influence the normal shop of antistatic ceramic tile and pastes, ensures the decorative effect of antistatic ceramic tile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an antistatic agent comprises the following steps:
mixing materials: uniformly mixing 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide by mass percent to obtain a mixture;
and (3) calcining: placing the mixture into a kiln to calcine for 7-8 hours;
washing with water: crushing and washing the calcined mixture;
and (3) granulation: and ball-milling the mixture after washing, and sieving to obtain the antistatic agent.
Preferably, in the calcining step, the calcining temperature is 1200-1300 ℃.
Preferably, in the granulating step, the antistatic agent with the particle fineness of 325 meshes and the screen residue of less than or equal to 0.5 percent is obtained by sieving.
The antistatic agent prepared by the preparation method of the antistatic agent comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide.
Preferably, the ratio of tin oxide: antimony trioxide (50-55): 1.
preferably, the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 75% of tin oxide, 1.5% of antimony trioxide, 10% of shell ash, 10% of quartz and 3.5% of aluminum oxide.
An antistatic coating using the antistatic agent comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of antistatic agent, 0-15% of conductive mica powder, 40-60% of water-based epoxy resin, 10-20% of curing agent, 0.1-6% of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.3% of wetting agent, 0.1-0.2% of defoaming agent and 0-19% of water.
Preferably, the particle size range of the conductive mica powder is 800 meshes.
A preparation method of an anti-static ceramic tile using the anti-static coating comprises the following steps:
preparing an antistatic coating:
a. adding water and a dispersant in a formula amount into a container and uniformly mixing; adding the antistatic agent with the formula amount into the container, slowly adding the conductive mica powder and the water-based epoxy resin with the formula amount after grinding and dispersing, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a component I;
b. sequentially adding a curing agent, a wetting agent and a defoaming agent in a formula ratio into the component I, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antistatic coating;
preparing the anti-static ceramic tile:
A. grinding the side edges and the bottom edges of the prepared ceramic tiles and then drying in the air;
B. spraying the anti-static coating on the side edge of the ceramic tile by using a spray gun to form an anti-static coating on the side edge of the ceramic tile;
C. spraying the antistatic coating on the bottom surface of the ceramic tile by using a spray gun to form an antistatic coating on the bottom surface of the ceramic tile;
D. placing the ceramic tile with the anti-static coating in an environment of 50 ℃ and drying for more than 30 minutes to obtain the anti-static ceramic tile; or placing the ceramic tile with the antistatic coating at room temperature for drying for more than 6 hours to obtain the antistatic ceramic tile.
Preferably, the thickness of the antistatic coating is 0.1-0.2 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method of the antistatic agent provided by the technical scheme has strong operability, can effectively stabilize the antistatic performance of the antistatic agent after calcination, and improves the applicability of the antistatic agent. And further provides an antistatic agent prepared by the preparation method of the antistatic agent, and the antistatic effect of the antistatic agent is stable. The antistatic coating using the antistatic agent has good antistatic effect, strong bonding force with the surface of the ceramic tile, and very small using amount, so that the excellent antistatic effect can be achieved, and the using satisfaction of the antistatic coating is improved. And also provides a preparation method of the anti-static ceramic tile using the anti-static coating, so that the point-to-point resistance of the prepared anti-static ceramic tile reaches 106～108Omega's standard reaches the requirement of GB26539-2011 antistatic ceramic tile, and its antistatic coating that has is extremely thin, reaches under the prerequisite of antistatic effect, does not influence the normal shop of antistatic ceramic tile and pastes, ensures the decorative effect of antistatic ceramic tile.
Drawings
The drawings are further illustrative of the invention and the content of the drawings does not constitute any limitation of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conductive network skeleton formed by an antistatic agent and conductive mica powder in the antistatic coating.
Wherein: antistatic agent particles 1; conductive
Detailed Description
A preparation method of an antistatic agent comprises the following steps:
mixing materials: uniformly mixing 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide by mass percent to obtain a mixture;
and (3) calcining: placing the mixture into a kiln to calcine for 7-8 hours;
washing with water: crushing and washing the calcined mixture;
and (3) granulation: and ball-milling the mixture after washing, and sieving to obtain the antistatic agent.
The preparation method of the antistatic agent comprises the following steps of mixing raw material components of the antistatic agent to form a mixture, wherein the raw material components comprise 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide, and after the tin oxide and the antimony trioxide are used in combination, Sb is5+Substituted Sn4+The resulting electrons are electrically conductive and as Mg2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Sb3+And Bi3+Etc. lower cation substituted for Sn4+The result of the combined action of the hole conduction and the hole conduction is used, the anti-static effect of the combination use of the two materials is good, the anti-interference performance is strong, therefore, the tin oxide and the antimony trioxide are often used as the main raw materials of the anti-static material, and secondly, the shell ash, the quartz and the aluminum oxide are added into the raw materials of the anti-static agent, which is beneficial to forming the skeleton structure of the anti-static agent and adjusting the firing temperature of the anti-static agent. Furthermore, in the technical scheme of the invention, in the process of preparing the antistatic agent, the step of calcining the antistatic agent is added, so that the stability of the antistatic agent is improved, the antistatic agent can be used as an antistatic pigment to be added into glaze of an antistatic ceramic tile, and can also be used as an antistatic agent to be added into antistatic coating of the ceramic tile, and the applicability of the antistatic agent is effectively improved.
The raw materials with the formula amount are combined, uniformly mixed and then placed into a kiln for calcination, so that the stability of the performance of the antistatic agent can be effectively guaranteed, the antistatic effect is not easy to lose due to the change of the use environment and the use temperature, the calcination time of the antistatic agent is limited to 7-8 hours, the complete reaction among raw material components of the antistatic agent is facilitated, the complete loss of the reactivity of the calcined antistatic agent is guaranteed, and the stability of the performance of the antistatic agent is further improved. And crushing and washing the calcined mixture, wherein the purpose of washing is mainly to remove soluble substances in the mixture, and the stable color development of the antistatic agent in subsequent use is ensured.
Further, in the calcining step, the calcining temperature is 1200-1300 ℃.
As the raw material components of the antistatic agent are added with the shell ash, the quartz and the alumina, the three raw materials can play a role in forming a skeleton structure of the antistatic agent in the antistatic agent component, and can also effectively adjust the firing temperature, so that the calcining temperature of the mixture is limited to 1200-1300 ℃, the performance stability of the antistatic agent can be ensured to the greatest extent, and the energy loss is reduced.
Further explaining, in the granulating step, the antistatic agent with the particle fineness of 325 meshes and the screen residue of less than or equal to 0.5 percent is obtained by sieving.
Furthermore, because the particle fineness of the antistatic agent can influence the temperature required by the antistatic agent during use, in order to further improve the applicability of the antistatic agent and simultaneously limit the particle fineness of the antistatic agent to 325 meshes with less than or equal to 0.5 percent for the purpose of environmental protection.
The antistatic agent prepared by the preparation method of the antistatic agent comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 60-80% of tin oxide, 0.2-10% of antimony trioxide, 5-15% of shell ash, 5-12% of quartz and 0-5% of aluminum oxide.
Further, the tin oxide: antimony trioxide (50-55): 1.
tin oxide in the raw material components: the adding proportion of the antimony trioxide is defined as (50-55): 1, the antistatic agent can achieve the optimal antistatic effect and anti-interference effect.
Further explaining, the paint comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 75% of tin oxide, 1.5% of antimony trioxide, 10% of shell ash, 10% of quartz and 3.5% of aluminum oxide.
An antistatic coating using the antistatic agent comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 30-40% of antistatic agent, 0-15% of conductive mica powder, 40-60% of water-based epoxy resin, 10-20% of curing agent, 0.1-6% of dispersing agent, 0.1-0.3% of wetting agent, 0.1-0.2% of defoaming agent and 0-19% of water.
The antistatic coating provided by the technical scheme comprises 30-40% of an antistatic agent, 0-15% of conductive mica powder, 40-60% of water-based epoxy resin, 10-20% of a curing agent, 0.1-6% of a dispersing agent, 0.1-0.3% of a wetting agent, 0.1-0.2% of an antifoaming agent and 0-19% of water. According to the technical scheme, the antistatic agent and the conductive mica powder are compounded, and the conductive mica powder and the antistatic agent can be mutually attracted through two electric fields with different polarities, so that a conductive network framework of the antistatic coating is formed, static electricity generated between antistatic tiles can be led out of a use environment, and the antistatic coating is endowed with high-efficiency antistatic performance; the waterborne epoxy resin and the curing agent are added into the raw material components, and the waterborne epoxy resin and the curing agent are cooperated to play a role in crosslinking and curing, so that a conductive network framework formed by the conductive mica powder and the antistatic agent can be effectively protected; most of the raw material components are powder particles, and agglomeration is easily generated among the powder particles, so that a dispersing agent is added into the raw materials for preventing the raw materials from agglomerating in order to uniformly disperse the raw materials of the anti-static coating; the wetting agent is a nonionic surfactant and has excellent hydrophilic property, wetting property, low foam and other properties, so that the surface tension performance of a water-based system can be effectively reduced by adding the wetting agent into the raw materials, particularly the dynamic surface tension is reduced, and the antistatic coating has good wetting property and bonding force; the defoaming agent is a non-silicone liquid product, can effectively solve the problem of large bubbles or fine foams generated by the coating, and is favorable for improving the smoothness and the compactness of the anti-static coating when the anti-static coating is sprayed.
The conduction mechanism of the technical scheme is as follows: in a non-curing state, the conductive mica powder and the antistatic agent are attracted by two electric fields with different polarities, and the conductive
Furthermore, the antistatic coating provided by the technical scheme adopts the antistatic agent prepared by the preparation method, the addition amount of the antistatic agent is strictly limited to 30-40%, and the addition amount of the conductive mica powder is strictly limited to 0-15%, so that the antistatic effect of the ceramic tile using the antistatic coating can still meet the requirements of GB26539-2011 on the antistatic ceramic tile even if the antistatic coating is used in a small amount.
Preferably, the antistatic coating comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 30% of antistatic agent, 15% of conductive mica powder, 40% of waterborne epoxy resin, 10% of curing agent, 1% of dispersing agent, 0.2% of wetting agent, 0.15% of defoaming agent and 3.65% of water.
Further, the particle size range of the conductive mica powder is 800 meshes.
A preparation method of an anti-static ceramic tile using the anti-static coating comprises the following steps:
preparing an antistatic coating:
a. adding water and a dispersant in a formula amount into a container and uniformly mixing; adding the antistatic agent with the formula amount into the container, slowly adding the conductive mica powder and the water-based epoxy resin with the formula amount after grinding and dispersing, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a component I;
b. sequentially adding a curing agent, a wetting agent and a defoaming agent in a formula ratio into the component I, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antistatic coating;
preparing the anti-static ceramic tile:
A. grinding the side edges and the bottom edges of the prepared ceramic tiles and then drying in the air;
B. spraying the anti-static coating on the side edge of the ceramic tile by using a spray gun to form an anti-static coating on the side edge of the ceramic tile;
C. spraying the antistatic coating on the bottom surface of the ceramic tile by using a spray gun to form an antistatic coating on the bottom surface of the ceramic tile;
D. placing the ceramic tile with the anti-static coating in an environment of 50 ℃ and drying for more than 30 minutes to obtain the anti-static ceramic tile; or placing the ceramic tile with the antistatic coating at room temperature for drying for more than 6 hours to obtain the antistatic ceramic tile.
The existing antistatic terrace coating has poor antistatic effect, and can ensure the antistatic effect only by forming a certain thickness on the surface of a ceramic tile, so that the common antistatic terrace coating can only be coated on the upper surface of the ceramic tile, and the decorative effect of the ceramic tile is seriously reduced. In the preparation method of the anti-static ceramic tile using the anti-static coating, the anti-static coating has the characteristics of good anti-static effect and strong anti-jamming capability, so that even if the anti-static coating is used in a small amount, the anti-static effect of the ceramic tile using the anti-static coating still meets the requirements of GB26539-2011 on the anti-static ceramic tile.
Further, the thickness of the anti-static coating is 0.1-0.2 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
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