阅读说明：本技术 一种用于纤维纺织物的低温染色工艺 (Low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textile fabric ) 是由 邵帅 于 2019-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于纤维纺织物的低温染色工艺,具体方法如下：1)将被染纺织物加入到软水中,加热保温后再加入氢氧化钠溶液,继续加热保温处理,然后排液,用软水冲洗后制得预处理的被染纺织物；2)将磁性染料粉、均染剂、分散剂、柔顺剂,混合后加入到染缸中,再加入蒸馏水,振荡分散后制得染液,然后将经过预处理的被染纺织物加入到染液中,将染缸放入脉冲磁场装置中,在脉冲磁场作用下进行染色；3)将经过处理的纺织物取出后用清洗液和蒸馏水依次进行清洗,然后经脱水、烘干后即可。本发明采用将传统染色工艺与脉冲磁场相结合的方法对纺织物进行染色,从而在低温下就可以使纺织物的染色牢固度高、染色均匀、染色稳定性好。(The invention discloses a low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textiles, which comprises the following specific steps: 1) adding the dyed textile into soft water, heating and preserving heat, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution, continuing heating and preserving heat, then discharging liquid, and washing with the soft water to obtain a pretreated dyed textile; 2) mixing magnetic dye powder, a leveling agent, a dispersing agent and a softener, adding the mixture into a dye vat, adding distilled water, oscillating and dispersing to prepare a dye solution, adding the pretreated dyed textile into the dye solution, putting the dye vat into a pulse magnetic field device, and dyeing under the action of a pulse magnetic field; 3) and taking out the treated textile fabric, sequentially cleaning the textile fabric with cleaning solution and distilled water, and then dehydrating and drying the textile fabric. The method combines the traditional dyeing process with the pulsed magnetic field to dye the textile, so that the textile can be dyed at low temperature with high fastness, uniform dyeing and good dyeing stability.)

1. A low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textiles is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

1) adding the dyed textile into soft water at a water bath ratio of 1:30-40, heating to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 15-30min, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.3-0.8%, heating to 75-95 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3h, then discharging liquid, and washing with the soft water for 5-10min to obtain a pretreated dyed textile;

2) taking 30-40 parts of magnetic dye powder, 3-5 parts of leveling agent, 3-6 parts of dispersing agent and 5-10 parts of softener, mixing, adding into a dye vat, adding 60-80 parts of distilled water, oscillating and dispersing for 15-25min under the ultrasonic wave of 500W plus 300-;

3) and taking out the treated textile fabric, sequentially cleaning the textile fabric with cleaning solution and distilled water, and then dehydrating and drying the textile fabric.

2. The low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 1), the sodium hydroxide solution is used in an amount of 1-3% by volume of the soft water.

3. The low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 2), the leveling agent is any one of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersing agent is selected from any one of cellulose sodium sulfonate, lignosulfonate with low sulfonation degree and a condensation product of benzyl naphthalene sulfonic acid and formaldehyde; the softener is ester quaternary ammonium salt.

4. The low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 2), the pulsed magnetic field device is composed of magnet coils, dye vat and refractory bricks, wherein the magnet coils are wound around a thin-walled stainless steel cylinder with asbestos wrap, the dye vat is placed in the middle of the stainless steel cylinder, and a layer of refractory bricks is laid on the bottom.

5. The low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the specific method of the dyeing process under the pulsed magnetic field is as follows: firstly heating the dye liquor to 60-70 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, starting a pulse magnetic field, setting the pulse voltage to be 200-, and then the pulse magnetic field is closed.

6. The low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step 2), the preparation method of the magnetic dye powder is as follows:

1) adding 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide into 30-40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2-5mol/L, and oscillating and dispersing for 10-20min under 200-300W ultrasonic wave to prepare nano silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;

2) adding 2-3 parts of ferric trichloride and 1-1.5 parts of ferric dichloride into 40-60 parts of ethanol/water mixed solution with the volume ratio of 1:1, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 20-30min at the rotation speed of 150-;

3) adding 5-8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate into the solution in the step 2) under the protection of nitrogen, stirring and dissolving, then adding nano silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, mixing, heating to 70-90 ℃, stirring and reacting for 2-3h at the rotating speed of 50-80r/min, cooling to room temperature, washing to neutrality by using ethanol and distilled water, drying for 10-15h in an oven at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, then transferring to a calcining furnace, heating to 800 ℃, sintering for 3-5h, crushing and grinding, and then passing through a nano-scale screen to obtain magnetic hydroxyl silicon dioxide;

4) adding 4-6 parts of dye into 80-130 parts of distilled water, stirring and dissolving to obtain a dye solution, then adding magnetic hydroxyl silicon dioxide, controlling the reaction temperature to be 60-80 ℃, adding 0.3-0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to be 10-12, stirring and reacting for 3-4h at the rotating speed of 30-60r/min, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, alternately washing to be neutral by glacial acetic acid and distilled water, and drying in an oven at 50-60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the magnetic dye powder.

7. The low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the cleaning agent is composed of 5-10% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, 6-12% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2-3% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2% of alkylolamide, 30-40% of potassium xylene sulfonate, and the balance of distilled water.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile dyeing, and particularly relates to a low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textiles.

Background

Along with the development of the society, the requirements of people on comfort level and appearance are higher and higher, the traditional textile has single function, and the original performance of the fabric can not meet the requirements of modern life. With the continuous development of textile technology, textile fabrics are developing from economical and practical to structural lightness and thinness, style fluidization, use functionalization and health and environmental protection, so that the requirements on the dyeing process are higher and higher. The traditional dyeing process is mostly divided into a high-temperature dyeing method and a low-temperature dyeing method, wherein the high-temperature dyeing method has the characteristics of high dyeing fastness and uniform dyeing, but because high-temperature and high-pressure steam is needed in the dyeing process, the dyeing machine has certain danger when bearing high temperature and high pressure, the high-temperature dyeing energy consumption is high, the environmental pollution is serious, and for wool fiber textile fabrics, the high-temperature and long-time boiling dyeing easily causes adverse effects on the quality of the wool fibers, so the high-temperature dyeing method has certain limitations and the defects of high pollution and high energy consumption; although the traditional low-temperature dyeing method has the advantages of low energy consumption and small pollution, and can not damage textile fibers, the low-temperature dyeing easily causes uneven dyeing, and the dyeing firmness is low, so that the effect of the dyed textile is poor. Therefore, how to improve the existing low-temperature dyeing process, further improve the color fastness of the dye at low temperature, and improve the dyeing effect is a technical problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textiles.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a low-temperature dyeing process for fiber textiles comprises the following specific steps:

1) adding the dyed textile into soft water at a water bath ratio of 1:30-40, heating to 40-50 ℃, preserving heat for 15-30min, then adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.3-0.8%, heating to 75-95 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3h, then discharging liquid, and washing with the soft water for 5-10min to obtain a pretreated dyed textile;

2) taking 30-40 parts of magnetic dye powder, 3-5 parts of leveling agent, 3-6 parts of dispersing agent and 5-10 parts of softener, mixing, adding into a dye vat, adding 60-80 parts of distilled water, oscillating and dispersing for 15-25min under the ultrasonic wave of 500W plus 300-;

3) and taking out the treated textile fabric, sequentially cleaning the textile fabric with cleaning solution and distilled water, and then dehydrating and drying the textile fabric.

Preferably, the low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric is characterized in that in the step 1), the sodium hydroxide solution accounts for 1-3% of the soft water by volume.

Preferably, in the step 2), the leveling agent is any one of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether; the dispersing agent is selected from any one of cellulose sodium sulfonate, lignosulfonate with low sulfonation degree and a condensation product of benzyl naphthalene sulfonic acid and formaldehyde; the softener is ester quaternary ammonium salt.

Preferably, the low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric is characterized in that in the step 2), the pulse magnetic field device consists of a magnet coil, a dye vat and refractory bricks, wherein the magnet coil is wound around a thin-wall stainless steel cylinder with asbestos wrap, the dye vat is placed in the middle of the stainless steel cylinder, and a layer of refractory bricks is laid at the bottom.

Preferably, the low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric, wherein in the step 2), the specific method of the dyeing process under the pulsed magnetic field is as follows: firstly heating the dye liquor to 60-70 ℃ according to the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, starting a pulse magnetic field, setting the pulse voltage to be 200-, and then the pulse magnetic field is closed.

Preferably, the low-temperature dyeing process for the fiber textile fabric is characterized in that in the step 2), the magnetic dye powder is prepared by the following steps:

1) adding 5-10 parts of nano silicon dioxide into 30-40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 2-5mol/L, and oscillating and dispersing for 10-20min under 200-300W ultrasonic wave to prepare nano silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;

2) adding 2-3 parts of ferric trichloride and 1-1.5 parts of ferric dichloride into 40-60 parts of ethanol/water mixed solution with the volume ratio of 1:1, heating to 60-80 ℃, stirring and mixing for 20-30min at the rotation speed of 150-;

3) adding 5-8 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate into the solution in the step 2) under the protection of nitrogen, stirring and dissolving, then adding nano silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, mixing, heating to 70-90 ℃, stirring and reacting for 2-3h at the rotating speed of 50-80r/min, cooling to room temperature, washing to neutrality by using ethanol and distilled water, drying for 10-15h in an oven at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, then transferring to a calcining furnace, heating to 800 ℃, sintering for 3-5h, crushing and grinding, and then passing through a nano-scale screen to obtain magnetic hydroxyl silicon dioxide;

4) adding 4-6 parts of dye into 80-130 parts of distilled water, stirring and dissolving to obtain a dye solution, then adding magnetic hydroxyl silicon dioxide, controlling the reaction temperature to be 60-80 ℃, adding 0.3-0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH to be 10-12, stirring and reacting for 3-4h at the rotating speed of 30-60r/min, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, alternately washing to be neutral by glacial acetic acid and distilled water, and drying in an oven at 50-60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the magnetic dye powder.

Preferably, in the step 3), the cleaning agent is composed of 5-10% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, 6-12% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 2-3% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 1-2% of alkylolamide, 30-40% of potassium xylene sulfonate, and the balance of distilled water.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the low-temperature dyeing process provided by the invention is used for dyeing the textile by combining the traditional dyeing process with the pulsed magnetic field, so that the textile can be dyed at a low temperature with high fastness, uniform dyeing and good dyeing stability. Firstly, textile fabrics are pretreated, the textile fabrics are heated in soft water to promote the softening of textile fabric fibers, then alkali treatment is carried out in low-concentration sodium hydroxide solution, the adhesion and combination of dyes on the fibers can be greatly promoted due to the existence of sodium salt, and partial hydrogen bonds among textile fabric fiber molecules can be opened through the alkali treatment, so that more opportunities are provided for the combination of the dye molecules and the fiber molecules; secondly, a pulse magnetic field is applied in the dyeing and heating process, the intensity of the pulse magnetic field is continuously changed, so that strong oscillation is generated in the dye liquor, the movement of magnetic dye particles is accelerated, the agglomeration of the magnetic dye particles in the dye liquor can be effectively avoided, the collision among the dye particles is accelerated by the strong oscillation, the refinement and the homogenization of the dye particles are promoted, the dyeing uniformity is favorably improved, the tight arrangement among fiber molecules can be reduced by the strong oscillation, the gaps among the fiber molecules are increased, the permeability of the dye is improved, meanwhile, in the pulse magnetic field, the refined magnetic dye particles are continuously attached to the fiber surface of the textile under the action of the Lorentz force, the hydroxyl groups in the magnetic dye particles and the hydroxyl groups in the fiber molecules are bonded together through hydrogen bonds, and the magnetic dye particles are also combined together through the hydrogen bond action among the hydroxyl groups, therefore, the magnetic dye particles are mutually gathered on the surface of the textile fabric fiber to form a strip-shaped aggregate, and the strip-shaped aggregate on the surface of the fiber molecules continuously grows and is connected together along with the continuous gathering of the dye particles, so that the fiber molecules are connected, the color fastness of the dye can be improved, and the loss of the fiber strength can be well reduced; in the cooling process of the dye, under the action of a pulse magnetic field, the pore defects among dye particles can be improved, and the density among the dye particles is improved, so that a compact and stable dye layer is formed on the surface of the textile fiber; and thirdly, dye particles with lower color fastness in the textile can be removed through cleaning of the cleaning agent and the distilled water, so that the dyeing effect of the textile is improved.

2. In this application, modify the dyestuff, with the cladding of dyestuff particle at magnetic silica particle surface to make the dyestuff particle after the modification can be in the same place with textile fabric fibre better under pulsed magnetic field's effect, thereby improve the dyeing effect of textile fabric. Firstly, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate into ethanol/water solution, then adding iron dichloride and ferric trichloride, stirring and reacting, taking the iron dichloride and the ferric trichloride as precursors, taking sodium hydroxide as a precipitator, and preparing nano ferroferric oxide by a coprecipitation method; then, sodium dodecyl sulfate is used as an anion template, OH < - > is adsorbed by silicon dioxide particles in an alkaline environment, so that the surfaces of the silicon dioxide particles are negatively charged, thereby forming silicon dioxide with hydroxyl, and then the silicon dioxide particles with hydroxyl are coated on the surfaces of the ferroferric oxide microspheres by an in-situ compounding method, thereby forming magnetic hydroxyl silicon dioxide taking ferroferric oxide as a core and silicon dioxide as a shell; then, the dye particles are coated on the surface of the magnetic hydroxyl silicon dioxide by an in-situ compounding method, and the magnetic dye powder can be prepared.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.