阅读说明：本技术 一种高温高压缝洞油藏可视化注剂物理模型 (Visual agent injection physical model for high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir ) 是由 杜建芬 李超凡 郭平 刘煌 汪周华 胡义升 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种高温高压缝洞油藏可视化注剂物理模型,由移动支架1、举升旋转装置5、方形釜体10、缝洞岩板模型11、平流泵14、中间容器组15、回压阀17、气液分离器18、气体流量计19等组成,移动支架1包括注液平台2、支撑杆柱,注液平台通过注液口向方形釜体10注液,支撑杆柱为举升旋转装置5提供举升轨道；方形釜体内固定有缝洞岩板模型11,缝洞岩板模型设置注入口、采出口和底水入口；方形釜体正对缝洞岩板模型一面设置可视窗口,其他三面设置光源入口；缝洞岩板模型注入口连接中间容器组15和平流泵14,采出口连接回压阀17、气液分离器18和气体流量计19。本发明操作灵活、移动方便,可对缝洞油藏的实际开发起到积极的指导作用。(The invention relates to a visual injection physical model of a high-temperature and high-pressure fracture-cave oil reservoir, which comprises a movable support 1, a lifting rotating device 5, a square kettle body 10, a fracture-cave rock plate model 11, a advection pump 14, an intermediate container group 15, a back pressure valve 17, a gas-liquid separator 18, a gas flowmeter 19 and the like, wherein the movable support 1 comprises an injection platform 2 and a support rod column, the injection platform injects liquid into the square kettle body 10 through an injection port, and the support rod column provides a lifting track for the lifting rotating device 5; a slotted rock plate model 11 is fixed in the square kettle body, and is provided with an injection port, a production port and a bottom water inlet; a visible window is arranged on one side of the square kettle body, which is opposite to the slotted hole rock plate model, and light source inlets are arranged on the other three sides; the injection port of the fracture cavity rock plate model is connected with the intermediate container group 15 and the axial-flow pump 14, and the extraction port is connected with the back pressure valve 17, the gas-liquid separator 18 and the gas flowmeter 19. The invention has flexible operation and convenient movement, and can play a positive guiding role in the actual development of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir.)

1. A visual agent injection physical model for a high-temperature and high-pressure fracture-cave oil reservoir is composed of a movable support (1), a lifting and rotating device (5), a square kettle body (10), a fracture-cave rock plate model (11), a advection pump (14), an intermediate container group (15), a back pressure valve (17), a gas-liquid separator (18), a gas flowmeter (19), a transparent oil intermediate container (20) and a displacement pump (21), and is characterized in that the movable support (1) comprises an injection platform (2), supporting rods and wheels, the injection platform is positioned on the movable support with the wheels, the injection platform is uniformly provided with injection ports, injection is performed on the square kettle body (10) through the injection ports, and the supporting rods provide lifting tracks for the lifting and rotating device (5); the lifting rotating device is arranged on the support rod column, and the lower part of the lifting rotating device is connected with the square kettle body; a slotted rock plate model (11) is fixed in the square kettle body, the slotted rock plate model is provided with an injection port, a production port and a bottom water inlet, the square kettle body is also provided with the injection port, the production port and the bottom water inlet in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the square kettle body is also provided with a confining pressure inlet and a pressure relief valve; a visible window is arranged on one side, opposite to the slotted hole rock plate model, of the square kettle body, light source inlets are arranged on the other three sides of the square kettle body, a camera (12) is installed in the visible window, a light source (13) is installed in the light source inlets, and the camera is connected with a computer; an injection port of the slotted hole rock plate model is sequentially connected with an intermediate container group (15) and a horizontal flow pump (14) through steel pipelines, the intermediate container group comprises a simulated oil intermediate container, a nitrogen intermediate container and a formation water intermediate container, and a production outlet of the intermediate container group is sequentially connected with a back pressure valve (17), a gas-liquid separator (18) and a gas flowmeter (19) through steel pipelines; a confining pressure inlet (6) of the square kettle body is sequentially connected with a transparent oil intermediate container (20) and a displacement pump (21); a heating layer (8) is arranged in the square kettle body, and a heat insulation layer (9) is coated outside the square kettle body.

2. The visual injection physical model of the high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cave oil reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fracture-cave rock plate model comprises a fracture-cave rock plate (3), toughened glass, a metal frame (7) and a sealing rubber sheet, wherein one surface of the fracture-cave rock plate is coated with a transparent liquid glue which is resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion and then is bonded with the toughened glass for fixing the fracture-cave rock plate, and the other surface of the fracture-cave rock plate is bonded with a double-sided film which is resistant to high temperature, high pressure and corrosion and has a certain thickness and then is bonded with the toughened glass for preventing channeling; after air drying, the glass is placed in a metal frame, and a sealing rubber is arranged for sealing.

3. The visual injection physical model of the high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fracture-cavity rock plate is formed by laser etching a planar rock plate according to a fracture-cavity rock plate plan, the planar rock plate is formed by cutting outcrop rock samples, and the fracture-cavity rock plate plan is obtained according to a fracture-cavity combination mode and a similarity criterion of a well group unit of the actual fracture-cavity oil reservoir.

4. The visual agent injection physical model of the high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the square kettle body is in threaded connection with the liquid injection platform, and a double-layer sealing ring resistant to high temperature and high pressure is arranged at the threaded connection.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a visual agent injection physical model of a high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir in the field of oil and natural gas exploration and development, which can be used for related physical simulation experiments of indoor fracture-cavity oil reservoirs and provides scientific guidance for development and exploitation of high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity carbonate rock oil reservoirs.

Background

The fracture-cave carbonate reservoir is a modified reservoir which takes holes, seams and karst caves as main seepage channels and reservoir spaces. The mining process of the fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoir is complex, oil cannot be completely displaced from the pore-cavity in the process of failure mining and water injection displacement, particularly, a large part of attic oil cannot be extracted from the upper part of the karst cave, and further mining needs to be carried out through gas injection at the top of the reservoir. The existing physical model of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir has the problems of over-simple experimental device, difficult processing, no high temperature and high pressure resistance, difficult observation in the experimental process, poor sealing performance and the like.

The method for manufacturing the multifunctional fracture-cavity oil reservoir injection physical model (CN 109372476A) discloses the specific steps of manufacturing the fracture-cavity oil reservoir injection physical model: (1) obtaining the volume of each crack and the volume and height of each karst cave in the injection physical model according to a similarity criterion; (2) simulating a communicated crack by using a steel pipeline, and determining the length of the pipeline; (3) a cylindrical steel intermediate container is adopted to simulate a karst cave, and inlets are formed in the top and the bottom of the intermediate container; (4) determining the placement position of each intermediate container; (5) determining the connecting position of the intermediate container and the pipeline; (6) establishing an original oil saturation and water saturation of the intermediate container; (7) and arranging an injection port and a production port of the injection physical model, and injecting the injection into the model through the injection port after the injection is pressurized by the displacement pump from the storage tank. However, the model is a simplified physical model of the injection agent of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir, the holes, the seams and the holes in the fracture-cavity oil reservoir are simplified into a regular model, and the specific hole, seam, hole shape, size and communication relation of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir are not shown. Meanwhile, the physical model of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir injection agent is invisible, and the fluid flow condition in the model cannot be observed and recorded in real time.

The 'multifunctional fracture-cavity oil reservoir high-temperature high-pressure visual injection physical model' (CN 110043253A) discloses the specific steps of manufacturing the high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir visual injection physical model: (1) obtaining a fracture-cave rock plate model through laser etching according to a fracture-cave combination mode and a similar criterion of a certain well group unit of an actual fracture-cave oil reservoir; (2) connecting a fracture cave rock plate model, a cylindrical kettle body, a displacement pump, a advection pump, an intermediate container group, a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator and a gas meter by using a steel pipeline; (3) arranging an injection port and a production port of the rock plate model and the cylindrical kettle body, and injecting an injection agent from the intermediate container; (4) establishing original stratum conditions of a fracture-cavity oil reservoir physical model; (5) and recording the fluid distribution and the fluid flow condition of the physical model of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir through a high-definition camera. The model has the following problems: the seam hole model rock plate cannot be well sealed through confining pressure pressurization, and the toughened glass is easy to break due to direct pressure bearing, so that the internal pressure and the confining pressure must be kept within a certain pressure difference range; the kettle body is a cylinder, when a camera is used for shooting through the high-definition camera, the kettle body is filled with water, so that the interior of the kettle body is similar to a convex lens, an image obtained through the camera is enlarged and blurred, better definition cannot be obtained, a concave mirror needs to be installed for debugging, and the concave mirror is fragile; clear water is filled in the kettle body, so that the actual temperature rise of the model cannot be too high, the interior of the kettle body needs to be painted and prevented from corrosion at intervals, otherwise, the water body is easy to be turbid; the kettle body is a cylinder, the light source and the camera are both arranged on the outer side of the kettle body, and when the light source irradiates the rock plate model, the light intensity on the rock plate model is strong in the middle and weak around, so that the fluid flowing conditions in the center and around of the rock plate model cannot be well observed; the outer metal heating plate of cauldron body heat dissipation is fast, receives the room temperature influence big, and scalds operating personnel easily.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a visual agent injection physical model for a high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir, which has the advantages of sufficient material source, flexible operation and convenient movement, and can be used for indoor experiments of the high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir, including failure experiments, water injection oil displacement experiments, gas-water alternative oil displacement experiments and the like. The whole experimental process is observed and recorded through a visual window by a high-definition camera, and the method plays an active guiding role in actual development of the fracture-cavity oil reservoir.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

A visual agent injection physical model for a high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cave oil reservoir consists of a movable support, a lifting and rotating device, a square kettle body and a fracture-cave rock plate model, wherein the exterior of the model is connected with a displacement pump, a advection pump, an intermediate container group, a back pressure valve, a gas-liquid separator, a gas meter and a pressure gauge through steel pipelines; the utility model discloses a seam cave rock plate model, including the square cauldron of seam cave rock plate model, the seam cave rock plate model is fixed in square cauldron internally, the seam cave rock plate model is provided with the filling port, adopt export and bottom water entry, square cauldron body is provided with the filling port equally, adopt export and bottom water entry, and with seam cave rock plate model one-to-one, the square cauldron body still is provided with confined pressure entry and relief valve simultaneously, just set up visual window to seam cave rock plate model one side, other trilateral light source entry that sets up, installation high definition digtal camera in the visual window, install the light source in the light source entry, the camera is connected with the computer, can observe the mobile situation of fluidic in the internal seam cave rock plate model of.

The movable support comprises a liquid injection platform, a support rod column and wheels, wherein liquid injection ports are uniformly distributed on the liquid injection platform, liquid is rapidly injected into the square kettle body through the liquid injection ports, and the support rod column provides a lifting track for the lifting device.

The lifting rotating device is installed on a support rod column of the movable support, the lower portion of the lifting rotating device is connected with the square kettle body, the kettle body is lifted up and down in a hydraulic lifting mode, and the slotted hole rock plate model is convenient to assemble and disassemble through rotating the square kettle body in a sealing mode.

The fracture-cavity rock plate is formed by laser etching of a planar rock plate with a certain specification according to a fracture-cavity rock plate plane diagram, and the fracture-cavity rock plate plane diagram is obtained according to a fracture-cavity combination mode and a similar criterion of a certain well group unit of an actual fracture-cavity oil reservoir; the plane rock plate is formed by cutting outcrop rock samples, and the rock plate has no holes, seams or holes as much as possible.

The confining pressure inlet of the square kettle body is sequentially connected with the middle container and the displacement pump, and high-temperature and high-pressure resistant transparent oil is injected into the square kettle body through the displacement pump to pressurize, so that confining pressure is provided for the slotted hole rock plate model.

The injection port and the extraction port of the fracture-cave rock plate model correspond to the injection port and the extraction port on the square kettle body one by one, the injection port is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge, an intermediate container group and a advection pump through steel pipelines, the intermediate container group comprises a simulation oil intermediate container, a nitrogen intermediate container and a formation water intermediate container, liquid/gas injection pressurization is carried out through the advection pump to provide internal pressure for the fracture-cave rock plate model, and the pressure gauge records the pressure of the injection port in real time; the production outlet is sequentially connected with the pressure gauge, the back pressure valve, the gas-liquid separator and the gas flowmeter through steel pipelines, the back pressure valve provides back pressure for the slotted hole rock plate model, the gas-liquid separator separates gas from liquid at the production outlet and records the production liquid amount, the gas flowmeter records the volume of the produced gas, and the pressure gauge records the pressure of the production outlet in real time.

The square kettle is internally provided with a heating layer, and a heat insulation layer is coated outside the square kettle and used for providing experiment temperature for the slotted hole rock plate model.

The square kettle body is a square kettle body with the temperature of 80MPa/160 ℃, the lower part of the square kettle body is in threaded connection with the liquid injection platform, the threaded connection part is circular, and a double-layer sealing ring resistant to high temperature and high pressure is arranged.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention is convenient to disassemble, convenient to adjust and maintain, and increases the operability and flexibility of the experiment; the temperature rise device is convenient for controlling the temperature, the heat insulation layer reduces the heat loss of the model, and the experiment cost is saved; three surfaces of the square kettle body are light sources, so that the problems of strong light source intensity in the middle and weak light source intensity around the slot-cave rock plate model are solved, and the flowing condition of the experimental fluid can be observed more clearly; the sealing rubber sheet outside the slot rock plate model improves the sealing performance and the bearing capacity of the slot rock plate model.

Drawings

FIGS. 1 (a) and (b) are front and side sectional views of a visual agent injection physical model of a high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity reservoir.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a visual agent injection physical model of a high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir.

In the figure: 1-moving the support; 2-liquid injection platform; 3-a slotted rock plate; 4-a filling port and a mining port of the slotted hole rock slab model; 5-lifting the rotating device; 6-a square kettle body confining pressure inlet; 7-a metal frame of the slotted hole rock slab model; 8-square kettle heating layer; 9-a square kettle body heat insulation layer; 10-a square kettle body; 11-slotted hole rock plate model; 12-a camera; 13-a light source; 14-advection pump; 15-intermediate container group; 16-pressure gauge; 17-a back pressure valve; 18-a gas-liquid separator; 19-a gas flow meter; 20-clear oil intermediate container; 21-displacement pump.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings so as to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in scope to the specific embodiments, but is intended to be protected by various modifications within the technical scope defined and determined by the appended claims to those skilled in the art.

See fig. 1, 2.

A visual agent injection physical model for a high-temperature high-pressure fracture-cave oil reservoir is composed of a movable support 1, a lifting and rotating device 5, a square kettle body 10, a fracture-cave rock plate model 11, a constant-flow pump 14, an intermediate container group 15, a back-pressure valve 17, a gas-liquid separator 18, a gas flowmeter 19, a transparent oil intermediate container 20 and a displacement pump 21. The movable support 1 comprises a liquid injection platform 2, a support rod column and wheels, the liquid injection platform is positioned on the movable support with the wheels, liquid injection ports are uniformly distributed on the liquid injection platform, liquid is injected into the square kettle body 10 through the liquid injection ports, and the support rod column provides a lifting track for the lifting rotating device 5; the lifting rotating device is arranged on the support rod column, and the lower part of the lifting rotating device is connected with the square kettle body 10; a slotted rock plate model 11 is fixed in the square kettle body, the slotted rock plate model is provided with an injection port, a production port 4 and a bottom water inlet, the square kettle body is also provided with the injection port, the production port and the bottom water inlet in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the square kettle body is also provided with a confining pressure inlet and a pressure relief valve; a visible window is arranged on one side of the square kettle body, which faces the slotted hole rock plate model, light source inlets are arranged on the other three sides of the square kettle body, a camera 12 is arranged in the visible window, a light source 13 is arranged in the light source inlet, and the camera is connected with a computer; the injection port of the fracture-cave rock plate model is sequentially connected with a pressure gauge 16, an intermediate container group 15 and a horizontal flow pump 14 through steel pipelines, the intermediate container group comprises a simulated oil intermediate container, a nitrogen intermediate container and a formation water intermediate container, and the extraction port of the fracture-cave rock plate model is sequentially connected with the pressure gauge, a back pressure valve 17, a gas-liquid separator 18 and a gas flowmeter 19 through steel pipelines; the confining pressure inlet 6 of the square kettle body is sequentially connected with a transparent oil intermediate container 20 and a displacement pump 21; the square kettle is internally provided with a heating layer 8 and an external thermal insulation layer 9.

The slot rock plate model comprises a slot rock plate 3, toughened glass, a metal frame 7 and a sealing rubber sheet, wherein one surface of the slot rock plate is coated with a high-temperature-high-pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant transparent liquid glue and then is bonded with the toughened glass for fixing the slot rock plate, and the other surface of the slot rock plate is bonded with a high-temperature-high-pressure-resistant and corrosion-resistant double-sided rubber sheet with a certain thickness and then is bonded with the toughened glass for preventing the occurrence of channeling; after bonding and air drying, the glass is placed in a metal frame, and a sealing rubber is arranged for sealing.

The fracture-cavity rock plate is formed by laser etching of a plane rock plate according to a fracture-cavity rock plate plane diagram, the plane rock plate is formed by cutting outcrop rock samples, and the fracture-cavity rock plate plane diagram is obtained according to a fracture-cavity combination mode and a similar criterion of a certain well group unit of an actual fracture-cavity oil reservoir.

The square kettle body is in threaded connection with the liquid injection platform, and a double-layer sealing ring resistant to high temperature and high pressure is arranged at the threaded connection position.

The visual agent injection physical model is utilized to carry out high-temperature and high-pressure fracture-cavity oil reservoir indoor experiment, and the process is as follows:

after the slotted hole rock plate model is installed, the square kettle body 10 is lowered through the lifting and rotating device 5, and the square kettle body is sealed in a rotating mode; injecting transparent oil into the square kettle body through the injection platform 2, opening a pressure release valve at the upper part of the square kettle body, closing the pressure release valve after the square kettle body is filled with the transparent oil, injecting liquid through the confining pressure inlet 6 and pressurizing to establish experiment basic confining pressure; after the fracture-cave rock plate model 11 is vacuumized, simulated formation water is injected inwards through an injection port of the fracture-cave rock plate model, simulated oil is injected again, and the simulated oil is extracted through an extraction port, so that the original oil saturation and the original water saturation are established, and the pore volume and the hydrocarbon pore volume of the fracture-cave rock plate model are measured; building basic experiment pressure by synchronously lifting the internal pressure and confining pressure of the fracture-cave rock plate model; and then, performing a failure experiment, a water injection and oil displacement experiment, a gas-water alternation experiment and the like.