阅读说明：本技术 一种针对农作物粗缩病的拌种剂及其制备方法 (Seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf and preparation method thereof ) 是由 胡鉴 杨军 凌新萍 崔奇 刘思其 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种针对农作物粗缩病的拌种剂,所述拌种剂包括以下重量份的原料：40-60份的吡虫啉,5-15份的氨基寡糖素,1900-2100份的水。解决了现有的喷洒农药的方式会造成对工作人员身体健康的伤害、农药在农作物表面的药效不持久、易失效、现有的搅拌剂药效不好、对农作物的治病率不高的问题。(The invention relates to a seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of imidacloprid, 5-15 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 1900-2100 parts of water. Solves the problems that the existing pesticide spraying mode can cause harm to the health of workers, the pesticide effect of the pesticide on the surface of crops is not durable and is easy to lose efficacy, the existing stirring agent has poor pesticide effect and low disease treatment rate on the crops.)

1. The seed dressing agent for the crop rough dwarf disease is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of imidacloprid, 5-15 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 1900-2100 parts of water.

2. The seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of crops as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of imidacloprid, 8-12 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 1950 and 2050 parts of water.

3. The seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of crops as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of imidacloprid, 10 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 2000 parts of water.

4. The seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of crops according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the imidacloprid is prepared by the following steps: using toluene as a solvent, reacting N- (2-chloro-5-picolyl) ethylenediamine with cyanogen bromide at room temperature, adding the obtained cyclization product into concentrated sulfuric acid at low temperature, dropwise adding fuming nitric acid, and reacting at 0 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain imidacloprid.

5. A method for preparing a seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease according to any one of claims 1-3, which comprises the following steps:

(1) proportionally adding imidacloprid into water, stirring, and fully mixing with the water to obtain a primary mixed solution;

(2) and (2) adding the amino-oligosaccharin into the primary mixed solution obtained in the step (1) according to a ratio, and stirring to fully mix the amino-oligosaccharin into the primary mixed solution to obtain the stirring agent.

6. The preparation method of the seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of the crops as claimed in claim 5, wherein the stirring time in the step (1) is 20-30 minutes, and the stirring speed is 15-25 r/min.

7. The method for preparing a seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of crops according to claim 5, wherein the stirring time in the step (2) is 50-60 minutes, and the stirring speed is 15-25 r/min.

8. The preparation method of the seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of the crops as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step (1) and the step (2) are both stirred at 50-60 ℃.

9. The method for preparing a seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease according to claim 5, wherein the stirring agent prepared by the method is stirred with crop seeds, the crop seeds are stirred and coated, and the seeds are sowed after being dried.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop disease prevention, in particular to a seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Crop rough dwarf is a viral disease that seriously harms corn production worldwide. The disease was first discovered in italy in 1949 and subsequently in other european countries and south america. China was first discovered in south Xinjiang and west Gansu in 1954 and then spread across the country. Since the last 70 s, crop rough dwarf diseases cause large-area seed destruction or dead production in parts of China north China, northwest China and northeast China, and become important diseases threatening crop rice production. According to incomplete statistics, the incidence field of the crop rough dwarf disease in 1996 in China is up to 233 ten thousand hectares, and the yield is over 4 ten thousand hectares. After 2004, the rough dwarf disease of crops is also outbreak in Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. The area of the corn is up to 340 ten thousand mu in the whole Shandong province in 2007, and the corn is further expanded to more than 1110 ten thousand mu in 2008, wherein 25 ten thousand mu are produced in top yield, and the corn rough dwarf disease in Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other provinces is relatively serious. From 2008 to 2014, the annual incidence area of the crop rough dwarf disease in China exceeds 300 million hectares, the plant disease rate is generally between 2% and 10%, the serious field can reach more than 80%, some fields even cannot be harvested, the outbreak and the epidemic of the disease seriously affect and restrict the crop production in China and cause huge economic loss. In recent years, along with the change of climate and the adjustment of planting structure, the occurrence of crop rough dwarf disease begins to be in an increasing trend in China, and particularly in the areas of northriver, shanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, the control of the harm of the crop rough disease has a very important meaning for ensuring the high and stable yield of corn. The initial symptoms of the crop rough dwarf disease are that transparent dotted small points are arranged between the fine veins at the two sides of the middle vein of the young leaf, the transparent small points are gradually increased later, wax white bulges with different thicknesses are generated on the vein at the back of the leaf, and the feeling of roughness is obvious. The diseased plants are dwarf and the internode is shortened; the leaf color is dark green; the leaves are short, wide, thick, stiff and upright and often have wrinkles; the male and female ears are dysplastic and the severe one can not bear fruit. The Chinese crop rough dwarf virus RBSDV mainly exists in cells with swollen diseased leaves and fat bodies, salivary glands, digestive tracts, muscles, tracheas and other cells of virus-protecting insects.

At present, the prevention of the crop rough dwarf disease is usually carried out by workers in a later stage by a pesticide spraying and insect killing mode, the existing pesticide can not only cause damage to the health of the workers in the spraying process of the workers, but also is directly sprayed on the surfaces of crops, the pesticide effect is not lasting, if rain occurs, the pesticide effect sprayed on the surfaces of the crops is almost completely lost, the pesticide waste is caused, and meanwhile, the pesticide cannot kill viruses of the crops; the mode of adopting the seed dressing agent to treat rough dwarf disease of crops is also available, but the existing seed dressing agent has poor drug effect, and most crops still have diseases after the seed dressing agent is used.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems mentioned in the background technology, the invention provides a seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease, which solves the problems that the existing pesticide spraying mode can cause harm to the health of workers, the pesticide effect on the surfaces of crops is not durable and is easy to lose efficacy, the existing stirring agent has poor pesticide effect and low disease treatment rate on crops.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of imidacloprid, 5-15 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 1900-2100 parts of water.

A seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of imidacloprid, 8-12 parts of amino-oligosaccharin, 1950 and 2050 parts of water.

A seed dressing agent for crop rough dwarf disease comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of imidacloprid, 10 parts of amino-oligosaccharin and 2000 parts of water.

The invention has the technical principle that imidacloprid and amino-oligosaccharin are used as main components, wherein the imidacloprid is a nicotine ultra-high-efficiency pesticide, has broad spectrum, high efficiency, low toxicity and low residue, is not easy to generate resistance of pests, is safe in use, has multiple effects of contact killing, stomach toxicity, systemic absorption and the like, and is hindered in normal conduction of central nerves after the pests contact, and the amino-oligosaccharin is oligosaccharide connected with D-glucosamine by β -1.4 glycosidic bond, is prepared by degrading chitosan by chitin and degrading, or is a low-toxicity fungicide extracted by microbial fermentation, can inhibit the growth of certain germs, influence fungal spore germination, hypha induced morphological variation, spore biochemical change and the like, can excite genes in plants, generate chitinase, glucanase, protective element, PR protein and the like with disease-resistant effect, has cell activation effect, is beneficial to the recovery of plants, promotes root seedlings, enhances the stress resistance of crops, promotes the growth of the plants, has extremely strong bacteria-resistant and virus-killing effects, has the functions of killing bacteria, killing and detoxifying.

Imidacloprid belongs to nicotine substances, namely, the imidacloprid is combined with silicic acid, phospholipin and the like in the cell wall of virus microorganisms to dissociate anions, so that the mass propagation of bacteria is hindered, then, amino-oligosaccharin is further subjected to low molecular weight and enters microbial cells through the cell wall, so that the transcription process of genetic factors from DNA to RNA is hindered, the bacterial microorganisms can not propagate completely, meanwhile, the amino-oligosaccharin is used as an active signal molecule to rapidly stimulate the defense reaction of plants, start a defense system, enable the plants to generate disease-resistant substances such as phenolic compounds, lignin, phytochemicals, disease-process related proteins and the like, and improve the activities of defense enzymes related to disease-resistant metabolism and an active oxygen scavenging enzyme system; in addition, the amino-oligosaccharin can be used as a plant function regulator, has the effects of activating plant cells, promoting plant growth, regulating the closing and opening of plant resistance groups, activating plant defense reaction, starting expression of disease-resistant genes, inducing plants to generate PR protein and phytoalexin and the like, and not only has good prevention and treatment effects on rough dwarf disease of crops, but also promotes the growth of the crops and improves the harvest of the crops through the synergistic effect of imidacloprid and the amino-oligosaccharin.

Compared with the traditional sterilizing agent:

the synergistic effect between the imidacloprid and the amino-oligosaccharin is utilized, so that the prepared stirring agent has a good defense effect on the rough dwarf of crops, can promote the growth of the crops and improve the yield of the crops; compared with the traditional stirring agent, the prepared stirring agent has better drug effect, does not need workers to perform protection work on rough dwarf diseases of crops, has low toxicity, and is small in physical injury when the workers use or manufacture the stirring agent, so that the physical health of the workers is protected.

Further, the preparation method of the imidacloprid comprises the following steps: using toluene as a solvent, reacting N- (2-chloro-5-picolyl) ethylenediamine with cyanogen bromide at room temperature, adding the obtained cyclization product into concentrated sulfuric acid at low temperature, dropwise adding fuming nitric acid, and reacting at 0 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain imidacloprid.

Further, a preparation method of the seed dressing agent for the rough dwarf disease of the crops comprises the following steps:

(1) proportionally adding imidacloprid into water, stirring, and fully mixing with the water to obtain a primary mixed solution;

(2) and (2) adding the amino-oligosaccharin into the primary mixed solution obtained in the step (1) according to a ratio, and stirring to fully mix the amino-oligosaccharin into the primary mixed solution to obtain the stirring agent.

Furthermore, the stirring time in the step (1) is 20-30 minutes, and the stirring speed is 15-25 r/min. Under the control of the stirring efficiency and time, the imidacloprid and the water are mixed more uniformly.

Furthermore, the stirring time in the step (2) is 50-60 minutes, and the stirring speed is 15-25 r/min. The longer time for mixing and stirring the amino-oligosaccharin in the primary mixed solution is set so as to ensure that the amino-oligosaccharin and the imidacloprid in the primary mixed and stirred solution react more fully and further improve the drug effect of the stirring agent.

Further, the step (1) and the step (2) are stirred at 50-60 ℃. Through experimental detection, the imidacloprid has higher dissolution speed and better dissolution effect in the temperature range, and the dissolution rate is improved; meanwhile, under the temperature condition, the reaction effect between the imidacloprid and the amino-oligosaccharin is better, and the reaction is more sufficient.

Further, the stirring agent prepared by the method is stirred with crop seeds, and the crop seeds are stirred for coating, dried and sowed.

In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the synergistic effect between the imidacloprid and the amino-oligosaccharin is utilized, so that the prepared stirring agent has a good defense effect on the rough dwarf of crops, can promote the growth of the crops and improve the yield of the crops; compared with the traditional stirring agent, the prepared stirring agent has better drug effect, does not need workers to perform protection work on rough dwarf diseases of crops, has low toxicity, and is small in physical injury when the workers use or manufacture the stirring agent, so that the physical health of the workers is protected.

(2) The invention controls the stirring speed, the stirring time and the temperature in the preparation process, so that the prepared stirring agent has better drug effect, shortens the time for preparing the stirring agent and improves the production efficiency.

Detailed Description

All features disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination, except features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to specific examples.