阅读说明：本技术 单质肥料、复混肥料及有机肥料颗粒的制造方法及用途 (Method for producing simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer granule and use thereof ) 是由 滕国清 于 2018-07-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：单质肥料、复混肥料及有机肥料颗粒的制造方法,该生产方法能耗小、制造成本低、且无工业三废排放,由该生产方法生产的单质肥料、复混肥料、添加中微量元素及有机肥料颗粒达到标准肥料颗粒尺寸,从而满足机械化施肥及做为掺混肥料原料的要求；颗粒强度提高,从而可避免运输、施用、掺混过程中出现粉化；分子结构发生变化,大幅度提高了溶解速度,且单质肥料、复混肥料颗粒强度高、溶解速度快、且颗粒大小满足了机械化施用和作为掺混肥料原料的要求。本方法环保、节能,没有废气、废渣、废水的排放,彻底解决单质肥料、复混肥料造粒过程环保排放的难题；本方法造粒过程能耗是传统造粒(圆盘、转鼓等)的三分之一,降低制造成本50—70。(The simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer particles produced by the production method reach the size of standard fertilizer particles, thereby meeting the requirements of mechanized fertilization and the application of the simple substance fertilizer as a raw material of blended fertilizer; the strength of the particles is improved, so that pulverization in the processes of transportation, application and blending can be avoided; the molecular structure is changed, the dissolution speed is greatly improved, the granule strength of the simple substance fertilizer and the compound fertilizer is high, the dissolution speed is high, and the granule size meets the requirements of mechanized application and the raw material of the compound fertilizer. The method is environment-friendly and energy-saving, does not discharge waste gas, waste residue and waste water, and thoroughly solves the problem of environment-friendly discharge in the granulating process of the simple substance fertilizer and the compound fertilizer; the energy consumption of the granulating process of the method is one third of that of the traditional granulating (a disc, a rotary drum and the like), and the manufacturing cost is reduced by 50-70.)

1. The method for producing simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer granules is characterized by comprising the following production steps of:

s1 feeding: raw materials of potassium magnesium sulfate, powdery nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, various medium and trace element fertilizers, powdery/liquid organic fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers and the like are independently mixed or mixed according to formula requirements, and the mixture is conveyed into mixing and stirring equipment through a belt conveyor or a lifter after being metered, wherein the raw material of potassium magnesium sulfate adopts standard progressive port potassium magnesium sulfate;

s2 batching and mixing: adding ammonium sulfate solution and water into a mixing and stirring device, stirring for several minutes in the mixing and stirring device, observing color change of the raw materials, uniformly mixing the raw materials when the raw materials can be clewed into a ball shape by hands and are not dispersed, and conveying the mixed raw materials into a raw material storage bin by a belt conveyor or a lifter;

s3 granulation: uniformly and stably adding the mixed raw materials into a plurality of double-roller extrusion granulators through a material distributor, and carrying out mechanical extrusion granulation;

s4 screening: after granulation, the fine powder enters a drum screen through a belt conveyor or a lifter, after screening and finishing through the drum screen, the qualified product with the granularity of 2-4.75 mm enters a finished product bin for storage, and meanwhile, the screened fine powder is sent back to the mixing and stirring equipment through the belt conveyor.

Wherein, the addition amount of standard-grade potassium magnesium sulfate imported from raw materials in S1 is as follows: more than 10 percent (the total weight proportion), other raw materials are added according to the formula requirements, and the total weight proportion of the added water in S2 is as follows: 1 to 9 percent (adjusted according to the moisture of the raw materials and the granulation condition), and the addition amount of the ammonium sulfate solution is 0.5 to 2 percent of the total weight of the raw materials. The adding amount of the liquid organic fertilizer and the adding amount of the liquid trace elements are added into water according to the formula requirement to be mixed, mixed and stirred together.

2. The method for producing an elemental fertilizer, a compound fertilizer and an organic fertilizer granule as claimed in claim 1, further comprising, after the step of S4, the steps of:

and S5, improving the particle quality: and (3) conveying the product stored in the finished product bin into secondary screening equipment through a belt conveyor or a lifter for secondary screening, and performing oil and fat coating treatment on the high-quality qualified product with the granularity of 2-4.75 mm after the secondary screening, wherein the oil and fat can be animal oil and fat or plant oil and fine powder screened out by the secondary screening and the qualified product with slightly poor quality are conveyed back into the mixing and stirring equipment through the belt conveyor.

3. The method for producing an elemental fertilizer, a compound fertilizer and an organic fertilizer granule as claimed in claim 2, wherein: after the step of S5, the method further includes the steps of:

s6 aging for 8-24 hours (including rotary kiln weathering, aging and static aging).

4. The method for producing elemental fertilizer, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer granules according to claim 3, wherein: and dust suction ports are additionally arranged at the positions of S3 granulation, S4 screening, S5 secondary screening, conveying of each belt conveyor or conveying of each hoister, and each suction port is connected to a bag-type dust remover through a dust suction channel to carry out dust removal treatment on each production process.

5. The use of the elemental, compound and organic fertilizer granules according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are applied to the raw materials of the compound fertilizer.

6. The use of the elemental, compound and organic fertilizer granules according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are applied to water-soluble fertilizer raw materials.

7. The use of the elemental, compound and organic fertilizer granules according to claims 1-4, characterized in that: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are directly sold as fertilizer.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the production and application of simple substance fertilizers, compound fertilizers, medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles, and particularly relates to a method for producing simple substance fertilizers, compound fertilizers, medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles by using imported standard-grade potassium magnesium sulfate small particles as a basis and application of the method.

Background

The traditional granulation method of compound fertilizer and elementary fertilizer;

the method of agglomeration: one or more powdery materials are agglomerated into granules by a disc or a rotary drum by using water or steam in the process of continuously rolling the materials, and round granules meeting the particle size range are produced by the processes of drying, screening, cooling, coating and the like, such as: CI-NPK, U-NPK, N-NPK, and the like.

Slurry method: one or more liquid-phase materials are atomized and sprayed on a material screen by compressed air through a spray gun, and round particles meeting the particle size range are produced through the processes of self-granulation, coating and rounding, such as: S-NPK, MAP, etc.

A melt method: one or more materials are condensed into granules by a cooling medium after being melted at high temperature, such as: high tower granulation, oil cooling granulation, and the like.

A drum ammoniation method: the production process of the granular fertilizer is an extension and improvement of the production process of the granular fertilizer by a granular method, including the current popular ammonia acid neutralization method, a tubular reactor and the like, and aims to produce the granular fertilizer which is convenient to apply, high in utilization rate, good in physical property, relatively stable, round and smooth by an optimized and scientific means.

Traditional simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer production granulation method all need drying, the cooling process, there are waste gas, waste water and waste residue to produce at drying, cooling, rotary drum granulation in-process, be the necessary environmental protection emission process, there is the production of energy consumption simultaneously in the drying process, need fuel burning just can accomplish the drying process, so energy consumption demand, environmental protection emission are the problem that can not keep away, along with the enhancement of national environmental protection requirement, be the process that every manufacturing enterprise must be perfect, and the cost can be higher and higher.

The novel innovative technology is based on imported standard-grade potassium magnesium sulfate, utilizes unique physical and chemical properties of the imported potassium magnesium sulfate, adopts a roller extrusion mode to complete the granulation process, ensures the strength and nutrient balance of product particles according to the unique physical and chemical properties of the imported potassium magnesium sulfate, does not need the drying and cooling processes required by the traditional granulation process, does not have a fuel combustion process, and does not generate waste gas, waste residue and waste water. Is an innovative granulation technology with environmental protection, zero emission and no pollution.

The new innovative technology not only solves the requirements of simple-substance fertilizers, compound fertilizers, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles for rounding particles, but also meets the requirement of finishing rounding particles only by extrusion forming by mechanical pressure without drying and cooling processes, and fills the blank of the traditional granulation method of compound fertilizers and simple-substance fertilizers.

The new innovative technology is based on imported potassium magnesium sulfate, utilizes a pair-roller extrusion device, and has the advantages of no need of forced extrusion, one third of energy consumption of the traditional forced extrusion, more than 60 percent of one-time granulation rate, more than 2 times of one-time granulation rate of the traditional forced extrusion, and one third of investment of equipment with the same production capacity compared with the traditional forced extrusion device.

The novel innovative technology is based on imported potassium magnesium sulfate, organic fertilizers such as organic fertilizers, fungi and seaweed can be used as raw materials to be mixed and granulated with inorganic fertilizers because drying and cooling processes are not needed after the granulation process, and the technical barrier of the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer granulation which is troubled all the time is broken because high-temperature drying does not exist, an innovative production technology is provided for the organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, the technical gap is filled, the requirement of crops on the organic fertilizers is guaranteed, and the requirement of soil remediation organic fertilizers is met.

The novel innovative technology is based on imported potassium magnesium sulfate, and because potassium magnesium sulfate contains medium elements of sulfur and magnesium, other medium trace elements can be added in the production process according to the formula requirements, so that the required medium trace element fertilizer containing round particles of the medium trace elements is produced, the requirements of crops on a large amount of medium trace elements and medium trace elements are ensured, and the requirements on soil remediation elements are met.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a production method for producing simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace element and organic fertilizer particles for solving the technical problems in the prior art, the production method has low energy consumption and low production cost, and does not discharge industrial three wastes; the strength of the particles is improved, so that pulverization in the processes of transportation, application and blending can be avoided; the molecular structure is changed, and the dissolving speed is greatly improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows:

the production process of simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer grain with imported standard potassium magnesium sulfate as material includes the following steps:

s1 feeding: raw materials of potassium magnesium sulfate, powdery nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, various medium and trace element fertilizers, powdery/liquid organic fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers and the like are independently mixed or mixed according to formula requirements, and the mixture is conveyed into mixing and stirring equipment through a belt conveyor or a lifter after being metered, wherein the raw material of potassium magnesium sulfate adopts standard progressive port potassium magnesium sulfate;

s2 batching and mixing: adding ammonium sulfate solution and water into a mixing and stirring device, stirring for several minutes in the mixing and stirring device, observing color change of the raw materials, uniformly mixing the raw materials when the raw materials can be clewed into a ball shape by hands and are not dispersed, and conveying the mixed raw materials into a raw material storage bin by a belt conveyor or a lifter;

s3 granulation: uniformly and stably adding the mixed raw materials into a plurality of double-roller extrusion granulators through a material distributor, and carrying out mechanical extrusion granulation;

s4 screening: after granulation, the fine powder enters a drum screen through a belt conveyor or a lifter, after screening and finishing through the drum screen, the qualified product with the granularity of 2-4.75 mm enters a finished product bin for storage, and meanwhile, the screened fine powder is sent back to the mixing and stirring equipment through the belt conveyor.

Wherein, the addition amount of standard-grade potassium magnesium sulfate imported from raw materials in S1 is as follows: more than 10 percent (the total weight proportion), other raw materials are added according to the formula requirements, and the total weight proportion of the added water in S2 is as follows: 1 to 9 percent (adjusted according to the moisture of the raw materials and the granulation condition), and the addition amount of the ammonium sulfate solution is 0.5 to 2 percent of the total weight of the raw materials. The adding amount of the liquid organic fertilizer and the adding amount of the liquid trace elements are added into water according to the formula requirement to be mixed, mixed and stirred together.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: after the step of S4, the method further includes the steps of:

and S5, improving the particle quality: and (3) conveying the product stored in the finished product bin into secondary screening equipment through a belt conveyor or a lifter for secondary screening, and performing oil and fat coating treatment on the high-quality qualified product with the granularity of 2-4.75 mm after the secondary screening, wherein the oil and fat can be animal oil and fat or plant oil and fine powder screened out by the secondary screening and the qualified product with slightly poor quality are conveyed back into the mixing and stirring equipment through the belt conveyor.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: after the step of S5, the method further includes the steps of:

s6 aging for 8-24 hours (including rotary kiln weathering, aging and static aging).

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: and dust suction ports are additionally arranged at the positions of S3 granulation, S4 screening, S5 secondary screening, conveying of each belt conveyor or conveying of each hoister, and each suction port is connected to a bag-type dust remover through a dust suction channel to carry out dust removal treatment on each production process.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are applied to the raw materials of the compound fertilizer.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are applied to water-soluble fertilizer raw materials.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are directly sold as fertilizer.

The application of the simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer particles produced by the production method, and the application of the product particles of the simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer produced by the production method as water-soluble fertilizer raw materials.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

1. this patent is through taking imported potassium magnesium sulfate as the basis, mixes alone with the nitrogenous fertilizer of simple substance, phosphorus fertilizer, potash fertilizer and other medium and trace element fertilizers, organic fertilizer and mixes or multiple blending mixes, adds water and ammonium sulfate solution after the mixture and stirs the blending, utilizes the pair roller extrusion to extrude the granulation, and it is exactly technological innovation itself. Compared with the existing granulation production modes (disc granulation and rotary drum granulation), the production mode does not need to mill raw materials before granulation, and does not need to set drying and cooling procedures after granulation, so that the energy consumption and the production cost can be greatly reduced, and in addition, no industrial three wastes are discharged, so that the production mode is an environment-friendly and energy-saving innovative production method.

2. The production method is characterized in that imported potassium magnesium sulfate is used as a basis, the imported potassium magnesium sulfate is singly mixed with elemental nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, other medium and trace element fertilizers and organic fertilizers or a plurality of the elemental nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer, other medium and trace element fertilizers and organic fertilizers which are uniformly mixed according to a proportion by adopting a drying-free process and a normal-temperature extrusion granulation technology, and the mixed materials of small-particle crystal potassium magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate solution and water are extruded to form balls at one time by using the mechanical pressure of equipment, so that the granulation process is completed, and high-quality elemental fertilizers, compound fertilizers, added medium and trace element and organic fertilizer granular products which meet the requirements are produced through screening, granule finishing and granule quality improvement, thereby meeting the mechanical large-scale application, reducing the labor cost of farmers and meeting the market demands; in addition, the particle size and the strength also meet the technical standards of the national compound fertilizer products and the raw materials of the bulk blended fertilizers, and the raw material requirements of direct sale of the compound fertilizers and the bulk blended fertilizers are met.

3. The production method is characterized in that the imported potassium magnesium sulfate is used as a basis, and the imported potassium magnesium sulfate is singly mixed and mixed with elemental nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers, other medium and trace element fertilizers and organic fertilizers or a plurality of the elemental nitrogen fertilizers, the phosphate fertilizers, the potash fertilizers and other medium and trace element fertilizers and the organic fertilizers, and is combined, mixed and granulated with an ammonium sulfate solution and water to form a formula, a mixed solution and a granulated solution, wherein the formula, the mixed solution and the granulated solution are the key points of technical innovation. Under the condition of reasonably selecting the mixture ratio of various substances, the strength of the particles can reach more than 20 newtons; and the fineness of potassium magnesium sulfate particles is reduced in the extrusion granulation process, the particle sizes of other organic and inorganic fertilizers are reduced, and the molecular structure is changed (free water is changed into crystal water), so that the dissolution speed of product particles is greatly increased, and the potassium magnesium sulfate particles can be used as a raw material of a water-soluble fertilizer.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following examples are illustrated and described in detail as follows:

the production method for producing the elemental fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer granules based on imported potassium magnesium sulfate comprises the following production steps:

s1 feeding: raw materials of potassium magnesium sulfate, powdery nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, various medium and trace element fertilizers, powdery/liquid organic fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers, seaweed fertilizers and the like are independently mixed or mixed according to formula requirements, and the mixture is conveyed into mixing and stirring equipment through a belt conveyor or a lifter after being metered, wherein the raw material of potassium magnesium sulfate adopts standard progressive port potassium magnesium sulfate;

s2 batching and mixing: adding ammonium sulfate solution and water into a mixing and stirring device, stirring for several minutes in the mixing and stirring device, observing color change of the raw materials, uniformly mixing the raw materials when the raw materials can be clewed into a ball shape by hands and are not dispersed, and conveying the mixed raw materials into a raw material storage bin by a belt conveyor or a lifter;

s3 granulation: uniformly and stably adding the mixed raw materials into a plurality of double-roller extrusion granulators through a material distributor, and carrying out mechanical extrusion granulation;

s4 screening: after granulation, the fine powder enters a drum screen through a belt conveyor or a lifter, after screening and finishing through the drum screen, the qualified product with the granularity of 2-4.75 mm enters a finished product bin for storage, and meanwhile, the screened fine powder is sent back to the mixing and stirring equipment through the belt conveyor.

Wherein, the addition amount of standard-grade potassium magnesium sulfate imported from raw materials in S1 is as follows: more than 10 percent (the total weight proportion), other raw materials are added according to the formula requirements, and the total weight proportion of the added water in S2 is as follows: 1 to 9 percent (adjusted according to the moisture of the raw materials and the granulation condition), and the addition amount of the ammonium sulfate solution is 0.5 to 2 percent of the total weight of the raw materials. The adding amount of the liquid organic fertilizer and the adding amount of the liquid trace elements are added into water according to the formula requirement to be mixed, mixed and stirred together.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: after the step of S4, the method further includes the steps of:

and S5, improving the particle quality: and (3) conveying the product stored in the finished product bin into secondary screening equipment through a belt conveyor or a lifter for secondary screening, and performing oil and fat coating treatment on the high-quality qualified product with the granularity of 2-4.75 mm after the secondary screening, wherein the oil and fat can be animal oil and fat or plant oil and fine powder screened out by the secondary screening and the qualified product with slightly poor quality are conveyed back into the mixing and stirring equipment through the belt conveyor.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: after the step of S5, the method further includes the steps of:

s6 aging for 8-24 hours (including rotary kiln weathering, aging and static aging).

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: and dust suction ports are additionally arranged at the positions of S3 granulation, S4 screening, S5 secondary screening, conveying of each belt conveyor or conveying of each hoister, and each suction port is connected to a bag-type dust remover through a dust suction channel to carry out dust removal treatment on each production process.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are applied to the raw materials of the compound fertilizer.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are applied to water-soluble fertilizer raw materials.

The preferred technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the produced simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles are directly sold as fertilizer.

The application of the simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer particles produced by the production method, and the application of the product particles of the simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer produced by the production method as water-soluble fertilizer raw materials.

The applications of the simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer particles produced by the production method are mainly the following aspects:

1. and directly sold as a product. 2 as a raw material of a blended fertilizer. 3. The fertilizer is applied as a water-soluble fertilizer raw material.

The specific implementation of the production of the simple substance fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the added medium trace elements and the organic fertilizer particles can refer to the following steps:

1. a production line taking 4-n DGZ200E type double-roll granulators as centers is matched with corresponding components: the extruding and granulating production system is composed of auxiliary electrical equipment such as a mixer, a bucket-climbing machine, a disc distributor, a bucket elevator, a belt conveyor, a duplex storage hopper, a roller type powder screening machine, a packing machine and the like, and the designed output is 6-n T/H.

2. PLC is designed to control solid raw materials, raw materials of magnesium potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate solution and water, and the stability and high efficiency of the yield and the quality of products can be guaranteed through PLC control.

3. The product after secondary screening and coating needs to be aged, an aging bin can be additionally arranged before product packaging in actual operation for aging, the product can also be directly filled into a ton bag for aging, and after aging, the high-quality simple substance fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace element additive and organic fertilizer particle products can be directly sold or used as mixed fertilizer raw materials.

4. The process control and the result control of the granularity, the particle strength and the nutrient content of the product are carried out, and the whole control of the product quality is ensured.

The technical advancement and the popularization prospect of the patent

1. Based on imported standard-grade potassium magnesium sulfate, the high-quality elemental fertilizer, compound fertilizer, medium trace element and organic fertilizer granules are prepared from the elemental fertilizer, the compound fertilizer, the medium trace element and the organic fertilizer by an extrusion granulation process, and the requirements of mechanical fertilization and the requirements of preparing a mixed fertilizer raw material can be met;

2. the granulated elementary fertilizer, compound fertilizer, added medium trace elements and organic fertilizer particles can meet the requirements of water-soluble fertilizer raw materials due to the change of molecular structures and the increase of the dissolving speed;

3. the extrusion granulation process is adopted, the drying process is avoided, the energy consumption is only power consumption, the energy is saved, the consumption is reduced, the environment is protected, the three wastes are not discharged, the operation is stable, and the maintenance is convenient;

4. at present, nearly four thousand households have the capacity of about 2 hundred million tons of fertilizers in China, 95 percent of fertilizers are dried by coal or fuel gas, and simultaneously, waste gas, waste water and waste residues are discharged, the granulation process has no three-waste discharge, the manufacturing cost is 30 percent of the conventional granulation process, the granulation process has wide popularization prospect, and meanwhile, the granulation process can be popularized and implemented in other industries such as chemical industry, pharmacy, drying agents and the like.