阅读说明：本技术 一种促进植物高产高质的多元高效肥及施肥方法 (Multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and fertilizing method ) 是由 马培舰 朱云勤 马武权 何孝珍 于 2019-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种促进植物高产高质的多元高效肥及施肥方法,由硅钙钾肥、氮磷复合肥组成,两者分别单独包装,施肥时混合。根据土壤情况及植物种类,选择氮磷复合肥或氮磷钾复合肥与硅钙钾肥配比,其中硅钙钾肥重量占肥料总重量的20-80%；施肥时将氮磷复合肥或氮磷钾复合肥与硅钙钾肥混合后施于土地中,或不混合先后施于土地中。本发明能使植物产量增加、品质提高。(The invention discloses a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants and a fertilizing method thereof. According to the soil condition and the plant species, selecting a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer in a ratio, wherein the weight of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer accounts for 20-80% of the total weight of the fertilizer; when in fertilization, the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are mixed and then applied to the land, or are not mixed and then applied to the land. The invention can increase the yield and quality of plants.)

1. A multi-element high-quality efficient fertilizer for promoting the high yield of plant is prepared from Si-Ca-K fertilizer and N-P compound fertilizer, which are respectively packed individually and mixed during application.

2. The multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes.

3. The multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: insoluble potassium-containing rock, phosphogypsum and anthracite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.7-2.2: mixing 0.05-0.25 proportion, grinding to 80-120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10-30 mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20-150 minutes at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, and grinding to obtain the finished product.

4. The multi-element high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and the high quality of plants as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer can also be a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and is a conventional fertilizer on the market.

5. A method for applying a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the soil condition and the plant species, selecting a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer in a ratio, wherein the weight of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer accounts for 20-80% of the total weight of the fertilizer;

(2) when in fertilization, the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are mixed and then applied to the land, or are not mixed and then applied to the land.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical fertilizers, and particularly relates to a high-yield high-quality multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting plants, and a fertilizing method of the high-yield high-quality multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting plants.

Background

The inventor's patent No. 92111690.X issued by 04/06/1994 in 1994 is a production method of a potash-calcium fertilizer, which is characterized in that the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes to prepare the potash-calcium fertilizer. A fertilizer efficiency test is carried out in a hybrid rice experimental field of 100 tons transported in 2006 for 04 months to Yuanhuan county Yuanying, Hunan province, and the test shows that the fertilizer efficiency test has obvious growth vigor and yield increase of rice. In order to reduce the cost and open up a new application way of industrial waste residue phosphogypsum, the inventor uses the phosphogypsum to replace limestone to prepare the potassium-calcium fertilizer, and submits a patent application of 'a method for producing the potassium-calcium fertilizer and co-producing sulfuric acid by using insoluble potassium-containing rock and phosphogypsum' on 09.12.2008, wherein the mass ratio of the insoluble potassium-containing rock, the phosphogypsum and the anthracite is 1: 0.7-2.2: 0.05 to 0.25, grinding to 80 to 120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10 to 30mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20 to 150 minutes at the temperature of 1000 to 1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, grinding, and packaging to obtain the potassium-calcium fertilizer product, wherein the product is authorized by the invention patent (patent number 200810069029. X) obtained in 2009, 05 and 13. Through fertilizer efficiency tests on more than 20 plants such as rice, corn, wheat, potatoes, sweet potatoes, rape, flue-cured tobacco, sugarcane, grapes, citrus, tomatoes, kohlrabi, ┅ ┅ and the like, the fertilizer can make green seedlings of the plants strong and strong, develop root systems, increase the setting rate, enable crops to have the functions of disease resistance, insect resistance, drought resistance, cold resistance and lodging resistance, and obviously increase the yield. Generally, the yield can reach more than 10 percent, and some yield can reach 30 to 40 percent. The yield of tuber crops is increased, and particularly, the fertilizer is used for producing agricultural products, and the quality of grains, vegetables and fruits is very good.

The fertilizer prepared by the first patent is originally developed only as a potassium-calcium fertilizer, and the fertilizer efficiency test shows that the fertilizer has obvious yield increase compared with equivalent potassium fertilizer, and the inventor is researched by silicon fertilizer engineering technical center of academy of sciences in Henan province, realizes that the potassium-calcium fertilizer produced by potassium feldspar is originally a high-quality silicon fertilizer, so the inventor changes the name of the potassium-calcium fertilizer named in the patent into the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer during commercialization, and develops a large amount of physicochemical tests and theoretical research, realizes that the silicon fertilizer is a fertilizer for plants to form silicified cells, and is a body fertilizer for the plants to grow.

The plant needs to be calcium metasilicate (chemical formula: CaSiO)₃) And magnesium metasilicate (chemical formula: MgSiO₃) A typical organic fertilizer and a typical nutritional fertilizer for promoting high yield of plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are required by plants. Such asOnly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied to fruits, and a long matrix silicon fertilizer is not applied, so that the plant body is not strong, plant diseases and insect pests are easy to occur, the plant yield is reduced from one year to one year, and the quality is poor; if only the organic fertilizer silicon fertilizer is applied, the plant yield can not be high without applying the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer. However, the aqueous solution of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer (silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer) is alkaline, the aqueous solution of the nitrogen-phosphorus (or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium) compound fertilizer is acidic, and the fertilizer cannot achieve the expected effect due to acid-base neutralization reaction when the two fertilizers are compounded.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer which can increase the yield of plants and improve the quality of the plants and promote the high yield and high quality of the plants.

The invention also aims to provide a fertilizing method of the multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of plants.

The main technical problems of the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants, which consists of a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer, wherein the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer and the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer are respectively and independently packaged and are mixed during fertilization.

The preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: the mixture ratio (weight ratio) of potassium ore (potassium feldspar or potassium-containing silicate rock) to limestone or dolomite is 0.7-1.4, the sintering temperature is 1150-1350 ℃, and the sintering time is 20-90 minutes.

The preparation method of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer comprises the following steps: insoluble potassium-containing rock, phosphogypsum and anthracite are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.7-2.2: mixing 0.05-0.25 proportion, grinding to 80-120 meshes, preparing into small balls with the diameter of 10-30 mm or corresponding blocks, roasting in a rotary kiln, a vertical kiln or a tunnel kiln for 20-150 minutes at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, crushing sintered clinker, and grinding to obtain the finished product.

The multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting the high yield and high quality of the plants comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer can also be a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and is a conventional fertilizer on the market.

The invention relates to a fertilizing method of a multielement high-efficiency fertilizer for promoting high yield and high quality of plants, which comprises the following steps:

(1) according to the soil condition and the plant species, selecting a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and a silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer in a ratio, wherein the weight of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer accounts for 20-80% of the total weight of the fertilizer;

(2) when in fertilization, the nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer are mixed and then applied to the land, or are not mixed and then applied to the land.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, and the technical scheme can show that: the invention uses silicon fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer as the multielement fertilizer, the two fertilizers are separately packed and mixed for application when in use, thereby avoiding the decomposition of the silicon-calcium-potassium fertilizer on the nitrogen fertilizer in the nitrogen-phosphorus (potassium) compound fertilizer and simultaneously being capable of being stored for a long time. The silicon fertilizer promotes plants to form silicified cells, is a body fertilizer for plant growth, develops the silicified cells of the plants, ensures that nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like are unblocked in the plants, enhances the photosynthesis, and can increase the yield and improve the quality of the plants through the synergistic effect with a nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.

Detailed Description