阅读说明：本技术 一种铜基悬浮液及其制备方法 (Copper-based suspension and preparation method thereof ) 是由 郑保辉 蒋全萍 罗观 祝青 刘涛 谢虓 肖春 黄川� 于 2019-11-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铜基悬浮液,含能材料领域,由铜基粉体、膨润土和溶剂组成。其制备方法为：步骤1：将一定量的膨润土加入到溶剂中,搅拌一定时间后加入极化剂；步骤2：再搅拌一定时间后加入铜基粉体；步骤3：再搅拌一定时间得铜基悬浮液。采用本发明方法制备的铜基悬浮液,具有较宽的粉体含量范围、较好的耐沉降性能以及溶剂易去除等特点,可以为叠氮化铜、铜基烟火药提供氧化铜和铜粉前体。(The invention discloses a copper-based suspension, belonging to the field of energetic materials and consisting of copper-based powder, bentonite and a solvent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1: adding a certain amount of bentonite into a solvent, stirring for a certain time, and adding a polarizing agent; step 2: stirring for a certain time, and adding copper-based powder; and step 3: then stirring for a certain time to obtain the copper-based suspension. The copper-based suspension prepared by the method has the characteristics of wide powder content range, good sedimentation resistance, easy solvent removal and the like, and can provide copper oxide and copper powder precursors for copper azide and copper-based pyrotechnic compositions.)

1. The copper-based suspension is characterized by consisting of copper-based powder, bentonite and a solvent.

2. The copper-based suspension according to claim 1, wherein the copper-based powder is copper oxide or copper.

3. Copper-based suspension according to claim 1, wherein said solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, n-hexane.

4. The copper-based suspension according to claim 1, wherein the copper-based powder comprises 10-50% by mass and the bentonite comprises 0.1-2% by mass.

5. A method for producing a copper-based suspension including the copper-based suspension according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising:

step 1: adding a certain amount of bentonite into a solvent, stirring for a certain time, and adding a polarizing agent;

step 2: stirring for a certain time, and adding copper-based powder;

and step 3: then stirring for a certain time to obtain the copper-based suspension.

6. The method for preparing the copper-based suspension according to claim 5, wherein in the step 1, the mass fraction of the copper-based powder is 10-50%, and the mass fraction of the bentonite is 0.1-2%.

7. The method for preparing the copper-based suspension according to claim 5, wherein in the step 1, the polarizing agent is one of methanol, ethanol, propylene carbonate, methanol/water (95/5, v/v), ethanol/water (95/5, v/v) and propylene carbonate/water (95/5, v/v), and the amount of the polarizing agent is 20-60% of that of the bentonite.

8. The method for preparing the copper-based suspension according to claim 5, wherein in the step 1, the stirring speed is 200r/min to 1200r/min, and the stirring time is 10 to 60 minutes.

9. The method for preparing the copper-based suspension according to claim 5, wherein in the step 2, the stirring speed is 200r/min to 1200r/min, and the stirring time is 10 to 60 minutes.

10. The method for preparing the copper-based suspension according to claim 5, wherein in the step 3, the stirring speed is 200r/min to 1200r/min, and the stirring time is 10 to 60 minutes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of energetic materials, and particularly relates to a copper-based suspension and a preparation method thereof, which have wide application prospects in initiating explosive copper azide and copper-based pyrotechnic compositions.

Background

In order to adapt to the development trend of weapon system intellectualization and miniaturization, new technology represented by MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) and microminiature fire work sequence is rapidly developed. The initiating explosive technology has important supporting and leading functions for the development of the initiating explosive sequence. The simple substance initiating explosive at home and abroad mainly comprises diazo compounds, azides, long-chain or cyclic polynitrides, heavy metal salts of nitrophenols, metal derivatives of acetylene, organic peroxide, heavy metal chlorate or perchlorate, complex coordination compounds of the heavy metal chlorate or perchlorate and hydrazine, and the like. At present, the traditional simple substance initiating explosive still has a large amount of applications, and the thunder mercury and the poisonous initiating explosive containing heavy metal gradually withdraw from the equipment and replace the equipment with the high-energy green novel initiating explosive. Among them, azide-based initiators are excellent in performance and still remain the most common initiators which are important in various countries and difficult to replace currently.

Copper azide has the advantages of low limit initiation explosive quantity, large output energy, environmental protection and the like, and a micro-charging technology based on copper azide receives more and more attention. Current methods for preparing copper azide include metathesis of sodium azide with copper salts, azide acidification of copper oxide or copper. The nitrine acidification method adopting copper oxide or copper has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, controllable reaction conversion, convenience for in-situ preparation and the like, and is very suitable for the micro-charging technology adopting 3D printing. The copper-based powder has higher density, particularly the density of the copper powder reaches 8.9g/cm³And the copper-based suspension with reasonable rheological property is designed to have important application value because the copper-based suspension is easy to settle in the solution to cause density deviation and block a printing spray head.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a copper-based suspension and a preparation method thereof. The copper-based suspension prepared by the method has the characteristics of wide powder content range, good sedimentation resistance, easy solvent removal and the like, and can provide copper oxide and copper powder precursors for copper azide and copper-based pyrotechnic compositions.

The more specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a copper-based suspension is composed of copper-based powder, bentonite and solvent.

Further, the copper-based powder is copper oxide or copper.

Further, the solvent is one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane and n-hexane.

Further, the mass fraction of the copper-based powder is 10-50%, and the mass fraction of the bentonite is 0.1-2%.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the copper-based suspension, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: adding a certain amount of bentonite into a solvent, stirring for a certain time, and adding a polarizing agent;

step 2: stirring for a certain time, and adding copper-based powder;

and step 3: then stirring for a certain time to obtain the copper-based suspension.

In the method for producing a copper-based suspension of the present invention, it is necessary to charge the copper-based suspension in batches during the stirring. Wherein, the step 1 is to ensure that the bentonite is uniformly dispersed, the step 2 is to ensure that a high-viscosity liquid phase is formed after the polarizing agent is added, and the step 3 is to uniformly disperse the copper-based powder.

In step 1 of the preparation method of the copper-based suspension, the mass fraction of the copper-based powder is 10-50%, and the mass fraction of the bentonite is 0.1-2%.

In the step 1 of the preparation method of the copper-based suspension, the polarizing agent is one of methanol, ethanol, propylene carbonate, methanol/water (95/5, v/v), ethanol/water (95/5, v/v) and propylene carbonate/water (95/5, v/v), and the using amount of the polarizing agent is 20-60% of that of bentonite.

In the step 1 of the preparation method of the copper-based suspension, the stirring speed is 200 r/min-1200 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-60 minutes.

In the step 2 of the preparation method of the copper-based suspension, the stirring speed is 200 r/min-1200 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-60 minutes.

In the step 3 of the preparation method of the copper-based suspension, the stirring speed is 200 r/min-1200 r/min, and the stirring time is 10-60 minutes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the formation of the copper-based suspension of the present patent is a physical process. The copper-based suspension prepared by the method has the characteristics of wide powder content range, good sedimentation resistance, easy solvent removal and the like, and can provide copper oxide and copper powder precursors for copper azide and copper-based pyrotechnic compositions.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments used by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.