阅读说明：本技术 一种测井绞车自动控制运行的方法 (Method for automatically controlling operation of logging winch ) 是由 樊琦 余卫东 程刚 余春昊 陈江浩 李玉宁 许思勇 徐绩芳 *** 于 2019-10-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种测井绞车自动控制运行的方法,包括以下步骤：1)生成若干绞车运行任务段；2)当有待执行的绞车运行任务段时,则转至步骤3),否则,则转至步骤8)；3)根据待执行的绞车运行任务段控制绞车运行,并实时采集电缆张力及测井曲线；4)判断是否出现遇阻及遇卡的紧急情况,当出现遇阻及遇卡的紧急情况时,则转至步骤5)；否则,则转至步骤7)；5)自动处理紧急情况,当紧急情况被解决,则转至步骤3)；否则,则转至步骤6)；6)人工处理紧急情况,然后转至步骤3)；7)当本次运行任务段执行完毕后,则转至步骤2),否则,则转至步骤3)；8)控制绞车运行至井口,结束测井。通过该方法能够实现绞车的自动控制运行。(The invention discloses a method for automatically controlling operation of a logging winch, which comprises the following steps: 1) generating a plurality of winch operation task segments; 2) when the winch to be executed runs the task segment, turning to the step 3), otherwise, turning to the step 8); 3) controlling the winch to operate according to a winch operation task segment to be executed, and acquiring cable tension and a logging curve in real time; 4) judging whether emergency situations of blocking and card encountering occur, and turning to the step 5) when the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering occur; otherwise, go to step 7); 5) automatically processing the emergency, and when the emergency is solved, turning to the step 3); otherwise, go to step 6); 6) manually handling emergency and then turning to step 3); 7) when the execution of the task segment of the current operation is finished, turning to the step 2), otherwise, turning to the step 3); 8) and controlling the winch to run to the wellhead, and finishing logging. The method can realize the automatic control operation of the winch.)

1. A method for automatically controlling operation of a logging winch is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) when the logging operation is started, analyzing relevant parameters of the logging operation to generate a plurality of winch operation task segments;

2) judging whether the winch to be executed runs the task segment, if so, turning to the step 3), and if not, turning to the step 8);

3) controlling the winch to operate according to a winch operation task segment to be executed, and acquiring cable tension and a logging curve in real time;

4) judging whether emergency situations of encountering resistance and encountering a card occur or not according to the cable tension and the logging curve, and turning to the step 5 when the emergency situations of encountering resistance and encountering a card occur; when the emergency of meeting the block and the card does not occur, the step 7) is carried out;

5) automatically processing the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering, and turning to the step 3 when the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering are solved; when the emergency of blocking and card encountering is not solved, the step 6) is carried out;

6) manually processing emergency situations of blocking and card encountering, and then turning to the step 3);

7) judging whether the execution of the task segment of the operation is finished, and turning to the step 2) when the execution of the task segment of the operation is finished, and turning to the step 3 when the execution of the task segment of the operation is not finished;

8) and controlling the winch to run to the wellhead to finish the automatic control operation of the logging winch.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the determining whether the emergency condition of the logging winch occurs includes determining whether the emergency condition of the logging winch occurs when the logging winch is lifted up and determining whether the emergency condition of the logging winch occurs when the logging winch is lowered down.

3. The method for automatically controlling the operation of the logging winch according to claim 2, wherein the specific operation of judging whether the emergency condition of the card is met during the lifting operation of the logging winch comprises the following steps:

when the winch is lifted up and operated, calculating the normal tension, the maximum safe tension, the differential tension in the lifting stage and the instrument tension of the cable; when the differential tension in the lifting stage is greater than a set threshold value, the phenomenon of card encountering is possible, and then when the winch continues to operate for a set distance and the tension of the cable exceeds a normal tension preset value and is less than the maximum safe tension, the winch is stopped and the condition of card encountering is alarmed; or when the tension of the instrument is larger than the preset value, the instrument is indicated to be in the card-meeting condition, the vehicle is stopped, the card-meeting condition is alarmed, and the vehicle goes to the step 6).

4. The method for automatically controlling the operation of the logging winch according to claim 2, wherein the specific operation of judging whether the emergency situation of the resistance occurs when the logging winch is lowered is as follows:

when the winch is lowered to run, calculating the normal tension, the maximum safe tension, the lowering stage differential tension and the instrument tension of the cable, and meanwhile, calculating the change rate of the logging curve according to the logging curve; when the differential tension in the lowering stage exceeds a set threshold value, the situation of being possibly met with a resistance is indicated, and then when the winch continues to run for a distance exceeding the set distance and the cable tension is smaller than a normal tension preset value, the winch is stopped and the situation of being met with a resistance is reported; or when the tension of the instrument is smaller than the preset value, indicating that the instrument is in a blockage situation, stopping the instrument and alarming to generate the blockage situation; or when the curve change rate is smaller than the preset value and the curve fluctuation is smaller than the set range, stopping the vehicle and giving an alarm that the vehicle is in a blockage situation, and simultaneously turning to the step 6).

5. The method for automatically controlling operation of a logging winch of claim 1, wherein automatically handling the stuck and stuck emergency comprises automatically handling the stuck emergency and automatically handling the stuck emergency.

6. The method for automatically controlling operation of a logging winch according to claim 5, wherein the specific operations for automatically handling emergency situations are:

1a) storing parameters such as normal tension before occurrence of the encountered resistance, depth of occurrence of the encountered resistance and the like;

2a) stopping the winch, slowly lifting the winch until the tension of the cable is recovered to be normal, and then lowering the winch;

3a) when the instrument passes through the emergency position, the emergency situation of the emergency is automatically relieved; when the instrument does not pass through the position of meeting the resistance, the step 2a) is carried out, and when the number of times of carrying out the step 2a) reaches the preset upper limit, the step 6) is carried out.

7. The method for automatically controlling the operation of a logging winch according to claim 5, wherein the specific operation for automatically handling the emergency situation of the stuck well is as follows:

1b) storing parameters such as normal tension before occurrence of the card encounter, depth of the occurrence of the card encounter and the like;

2b) judging whether the cable meets the card or the instrument meets the card according to the change conditions of the tension of the cable and the tension of the instrument, and turning to the step 3b when the cable meets the card; when the instrument meets the card, turning to the step 4 b);

3b) lifting the winch until the tension of the cable reaches the maximum safe tension, and when the card encountering state disappears in the lifting process, automatically solving the emergency situation of the card encountering; when the card encountering state still exists in the lifting process, the cable is pulled to the maximum safe pulling force and is kept in the state to the set time, if the card encountering state disappears in the period of time, the emergency situation of the card encountering state is automatically eliminated, and when the card encountering state still exists, the emergency situation of the card encountering state is not automatically solved, the process goes to the step 6);

4b) stopping the winch, then lowering the cable until the tension of the cable is recovered to be normal, and then lifting the winch;

5b) judging whether the instrument passes through the position of the card, when the instrument passes through the position of the card, automatically eliminating the emergency situation of the card, when the instrument does not pass through the position of the card, turning to the step 4b), and when the number of times of turning to the step 4b) reaches a preset upper limit, turning to the step 6).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploration logging, and relates to a method for automatically controlling operation of a logging winch.

Background

At present, the operation and operation of the winch in the logging operation construction at home and abroad are always manually controlled by a winch worker, people can be tired after long-time operation, high energy monitoring on the operation condition of the winch and timely treatment on emergency are difficult to put into, and at present, two or more people are needed to operate alternately to avoid risks and consume excessive labor cost.

With advances in technology, integrated logging rigs have now begun to utilize electrically driven drawworks to provide power for raising and lowering downhole tools. In contrast to previous hydraulic logging winches, the electrically driven winch is powered by a high-efficiency motor, the operation of the motor is governed by an internal program, and an access interface of an application program is provided externally, so that a method for determining the next action of the winch according to the winch operation feedback state and related logging data is adopted, and the operation of the winch can be controlled by using a computer program.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art described above and to provide a method for automatically controlling the operation of a logging winch, by which method an automatically controlled operation of the winch is achieved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the method for automatically controlling the operation of the logging winch comprises the following steps:

1) when the logging operation is started, analyzing relevant parameters of the logging operation to generate a plurality of winch operation task segments;

2) judging whether the winch to be executed runs the task segment, if so, turning to the step 3), and if not, turning to the step 8);

3) controlling the winch to operate according to a winch operation task segment to be executed, and acquiring cable tension and a logging curve in real time;

4) judging whether emergency situations of encountering resistance and encountering a card occur or not according to the cable tension and the logging curve, and turning to the step 5 when the emergency situations of encountering resistance and encountering a card occur; when the emergency of meeting the block and the card does not occur, the step 7) is carried out;

5) automatically processing the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering, and turning to the step 3 when the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering are solved; when the emergency of blocking and card encountering is not solved, the step 6) is carried out;

6) manually processing emergency situations of blocking and card encountering, and then turning to the step 3);

7) judging whether the execution of the task segment of the operation is finished, and turning to the step 2) when the execution of the task segment of the operation is finished, and turning to the step 3 when the execution of the task segment of the operation is not finished;

8) and controlling the winch to run to the wellhead to finish the automatic control operation of the logging winch.

The emergency condition of judging whether the blockage and the card occur comprises the emergency condition of judging whether the blockage and the card occur when the winch is lifted up and operates and the emergency condition of judging whether the blockage and the card occur when the winch is lowered down.

The concrete operation of judging whether the emergency occurs when the winch is lifted up is as follows:

when the winch is lifted up and operated, calculating the normal tension, the maximum safe tension, the differential tension in the lifting stage and the instrument tension of the cable; when the differential tension in the lifting stage is greater than a set threshold value, the phenomenon of the card encountering is possibly caused, and then when the winch continuously runs for a set distance and the tension of the cable exceeds a normal tension preset value (or a numerical value required by construction) and is less than the maximum safe tension, the winch is stopped and the condition of the card encountering is alarmed; or when the tension of the instrument is larger than the preset value, the instrument is indicated to be in the card-meeting condition, the vehicle is stopped, the card-meeting condition is alarmed, and the vehicle goes to the step 6).

The concrete operation of judging whether the emergency situation occurs when the winch is lowered is as follows:

when the winch is lowered to run, calculating the normal tension, the maximum safe tension, the lowering stage differential tension and the instrument tension of the cable, and meanwhile, calculating the change rate of the logging curve according to the logging curve; when the differential tension in the lowering stage exceeds a set threshold value, the situation of being possibly met with a resistance is indicated, and then when the winch continues to run for a distance exceeding the set distance and the cable tension is smaller than a normal tension preset value (or a numerical value required by construction), the winch is stopped and the situation of being met with a resistance is reported; or when the tension of the instrument is smaller than the preset value, indicating that the instrument is in a blockage situation, stopping the instrument and alarming to generate the blockage situation; or when the curve change rate is smaller than the preset value and the curve fluctuation is smaller than the set range, stopping the vehicle and giving an alarm that the vehicle is in a blockage situation, and simultaneously turning to the step 6).

The emergency situations of the block and the card are automatically processed, and the emergency situations of the block and the card are automatically processed.

The automatic handling of emergency situations in distress comprises the following steps:

1a) storing parameters such as normal tension before occurrence of the encountered resistance, depth of occurrence of the encountered resistance and the like;

2a) stopping the winch, slowly lifting the winch until the tension of the cable is recovered to be normal, and then lowering the winch;

3a) when the instrument passes through the emergency position, the emergency situation of the emergency is automatically relieved; when the instrument does not pass through the position of meeting the resistance, turning to the step 2a), and when the number of times of turning to the step 2a) reaches a preset upper limit, turning to the step 6);

the specific operation of automatically processing the emergency situation of card encountering comprises the following steps:

1b) storing parameters such as normal tension before occurrence of the card encounter, depth of the occurrence of the card encounter and the like;

2b) judging whether the cable meets the card or the instrument meets the card according to the change conditions of the tension of the cable and the tension of the instrument, and turning to the step 3b when the cable meets the card; when the instrument meets the card, turning to the step 4 b);

3b) lifting the winch until the tension of the cable reaches the maximum safe tension, and when the card encountering state disappears in the lifting process, automatically solving the emergency situation of the card encountering; when the card encountering state still exists in the lifting process, the cable is pulled to the maximum safe pulling force and is kept in the state to the set time, if the card encountering state disappears in the period of time, the emergency situation of the card encountering state is automatically eliminated, and when the card encountering state still exists, the emergency situation of the card encountering state is not automatically solved, the process goes to the step 6);

4b) stopping the winch, then lowering the cable until the tension of the cable is recovered to be normal, and then lifting the winch;

5b) judging whether the instrument passes through the position of the card, when the instrument passes through the position of the card, automatically eliminating the emergency situation of the card, when the instrument does not pass through the position of the card, turning to the step 4b), and when the number of times of turning to the step 4b) reaches a preset upper limit, turning to the step 6).

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method for automatically controlling the operation of the logging winch can replace the manual execution and real-time monitoring of the winch operation of the multi-section logging operation during the specific operation; when an emergency situation of card encountering and blockage encountering occurs, automatic processing is firstly carried out by adopting software, and when the emergency situation cannot be automatically solved, manual processing is carried out; the invention has the advantages of improving the automation degree of logging operation, reducing the labor cost, effectively reducing the working condition of manpower fatigue and improving the safety of logging operation.

Furthermore, the invention provides a processing mode for automatically processing emergency situations of encountering resistance and card, and provides technical support for automatic control operation of the winch.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for determining emergency situations of block and card encounters;

FIG. 3a is a flow chart for automatically handling emergency situations

FIG. 3b is a flow chart for automatically handling emergency situations when a card is encountered;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the test run of the present invention at a certain time of logging.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the method for automatically controlling the operation of the logging winch of the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) when the logging operation is started, analyzing relevant parameters of the logging operation to generate a winch operation task section;

firstly, well site information data in a logging engineering file are analyzed to obtain a drill bit program and a casing program; secondly, analyzing the service table data of the current time to obtain information such as the length, the weight, the speed measurement and whether a backup arm exists; and finally, analyzing the depths of the main measurement and the repeated section of the logging operation section, and splitting the depth into a plurality of winch operation task sections.

2) Judging whether the winch to be executed runs the task segment, if so, turning to the step 3), and if not, turning to the step 8);

3) controlling the winch to operate according to a winch operation task segment to be executed, acquiring cable tension, operation depth, instrument tension and related logging curves through a ground system in real time, and acquiring data such as winch motor voltage, torque and the like through a winch controller;

4) judging whether emergency situations of encountering resistance and encountering a card occur or not according to the cable tension and the logging curve, and turning to the step 5 when the emergency situations of encountering resistance and encountering a card occur; when the emergency of meeting the block and the card does not occur, the step 7) is carried out;

5) automatically processing the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering, and turning to the step 3 when the emergency situations of blocking and card encountering are solved; when the emergency of blocking and card encountering is not solved, the step 6) is carried out;

6) manually processing emergency situations of blocking and card encountering, and then turning to the step 3);

7) judging whether the execution of the task segment of the operation is finished, and turning to the step 2) when the execution of the task segment of the operation is finished, and turning to the step 3 when the execution of the task segment of the operation is not finished;

8) and controlling the winch to run to the wellhead to finish the automatic control operation of the logging winch.

Referring to fig. 2, in step 4), the determining whether the emergency situation of encountering a jam occurs includes determining whether the emergency situation of encountering a jam occurs when the winch is lifted up and determining whether the emergency situation of encountering a jam occurs when the winch is lowered down; the specific operation of judging whether the emergency condition of card encountering occurs when the winch is lifted up is as follows:

when the winch is lifted up and operated, calculating the normal tension, the maximum safe tension, the differential tension in the lifting stage and the instrument tension of the cable; when the differential tension in the lifting stage is greater than a set threshold (2kN/s), the phenomenon of card encountering is possibly caused, and then when the winch continuously runs for a set distance and the tension of the cable exceeds the normal tension by 1.3 times and is less than the maximum safe tension, the winch is stopped and the condition of card encountering is alarmed; or when the tension of the instrument is 1.3 times of the normal value, the instrument is judged to be in the card-meeting condition, the vehicle is stopped, the card-meeting condition is alarmed, and the vehicle goes to the step 6).

The specific operation of judging whether the emergency condition of meeting the resistance occurs when the winch is lowered is as follows:

when the winch is lowered to run, calculating the normal tension, the maximum safe tension, the lowering stage differential tension and the instrument tension of the cable, and meanwhile, calculating the change rate of the logging curve according to the logging curve; when the differential tension in the lowering stage exceeds a set threshold value (-0.8kN/s), the situation of meeting a resistance is possibly generated, and then when the winch continues to run for a distance exceeding the set distance and the tension of the cable is smaller than 0.7 times of the normal tension, the winch is stopped and the situation of meeting a resistance is alarmed; or when the tension of the instrument is 0.7 times smaller than the normal value, the instrument is indicated to be in a blockage situation, and the instrument is stopped and is alarmed to be in a blockage situation; or when the curve fluctuation is less than 5%, stopping the vehicle and giving an alarm that the vehicle is in a blockage situation, and simultaneously turning to the step 6).

Referring to fig. 3a, in step 5), automatically handling emergency situations of encountering a block and a card includes automatically handling emergency situations of encountering a block and automatically handling emergency situations of encountering a card, wherein automatically handling emergency situations of encountering a block includes the following steps:

1a) storing parameters such as normal tension before occurrence of the encountered resistance, depth of occurrence of the encountered resistance and the like;

2a) stopping the winch, slowly lifting the winch (at the speed of 300m/h) until the tension of the cable is recovered to be normal, and then lowering the winch (at the speed of 300 m/h);

3a) when the instrument passes through the emergency position, the emergency situation of the emergency is automatically relieved; when the instrument does not pass through the position of meeting the resistance, turning to the step 2a), and when the number of times of turning to the step 2a) reaches 3 times, turning to the step 6);

referring to fig. 3b, the specific operation of automatically handling the emergency situation of card encounter is:

1b) storing parameters such as normal tension before occurrence of the card encounter, depth of the occurrence of the card encounter and the like;

2b) judging whether the cable meets the card or the instrument meets the card according to the change conditions of the tension of the cable and the tension of the instrument, and turning to the step 3b when the cable meets the card; when the instrument meets the card, turning to the step 4 b);

3b) lifting the winch (with the speed of 300m/h) until the tension of the cable reaches the maximum safe tension, and when the card encountering state disappears in the lifting process, automatically solving the emergency situation of the card encountering; when the card encountering state still exists in the lifting process, the cable is pulled to the maximum safe pulling force and is kept in the state to the set time, if the card encountering state disappears in the period of time, the emergency situation of the card encountering state is automatically eliminated, and when the card encountering state still exists, the emergency situation of the card encountering state is not automatically solved, the process goes to the step 6);

4b) stopping the winch, then lowering the cable (with the speed of 300m/h) until the tension of the cable is recovered to be normal, and then lifting the winch;

5b) judging whether the instrument passes through the position of the card, when the instrument passes through the position of the card, the emergency situation of the card is automatically eliminated, when the instrument does not pass through the position of the card, turning to the step 4b), and when the number of times of turning to the step 4b) reaches 3 times, turning to the step 6).

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.