Bearing system
阅读说明:本技术 支承系统 (Bearing system ) 是由 S·达舍尔 于 2018-09-28 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种用于电动机转子的支承系统。该支承系统包括定子和至少一个径向轴承。该定子在此形成该径向轴承的一部分。本发明还涉及一种具有这种支承系统的增压装置。所述增压装置和支承系统尤其也可以与燃料电池一起使用。(The present invention relates to a bearing system for a rotor of an electric motor. The support system includes a stator and at least one radial bearing. The stator here forms part of the radial bearing. The invention also relates to a charging device having such a bearing system. The pressure intensifier and support system may also be used with fuel cells, among other things.)
1. A support system (10) for a rotor (400) of an electric motor (2), comprising:
a stator (100);
at least one radial bearing (200);
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the stator (100) forms part of the radial bearing (200).
2. The support system (10) of claim 1, wherein the radial bearing (200) is an air bearing.
3. Support system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the radial bearing (200) is formed radially (24) between said stator (100) of the electric motor (2) and a rotor (400) which is fitted into the stator (100) in the operating state.
4. The support system (10) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator (100) is configured such that a bearing membrane (210, 220) can be fixed on the stator (100).
5. Support system (10) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the stator (100) comprises at least one groove (120) for fixing a bearing membrane (210, 220), said groove extending radially (24) into the stator (100).
6. The support system (10) of claim 5, wherein the groove (120) is disposed on a can inner surface (150) of the stator (100).
7. The support system (10) according to any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the stator (100) comprises a plurality of winding ribs (110) extending in a radial direction (24), and wherein the groove (120) is provided in one of said winding ribs (110).
8. The support system (10) of any of claims 4 to 7, wherein the groove (120) extends in an axial direction (22) from a first axial end (142) of the stator (100), and optionally wherein the groove (120) extends in the axial direction (22) from a second axial end (144) of the stator (100).
9. The support system (10) according to any one of claims 4 or 8, wherein the groove (120) does not extend to an axial center (152) of the stator (100).
10. The support system (10) of any of the preceding claims, comprising a first radial bearing (200a) and a second radial bearing (200b), wherein the first radial bearing (200a) is seated on the first axial end (142) of the stator (100), and wherein the second radial bearing (200b) is seated on the second axial end (144) of the stator (100).
11. The support system (10) of claim 10, further comprising at least one spacer (300) disposed on the can inner surface (150) of the stator (100) and through which the first radial bearing (200a) and the second radial bearing (200b) are spaced from each other in the axial direction (22).
12. Support system (10) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the radial bearing (200) comprises at least one wave shaped membrane (210) and/or at least one smooth membrane (220) arranged along the inner circumferential surface (170) of the stator (100).
13. The support system (10) of claim 12, wherein the smoothing membrane (220) is disposed against the undulating membrane radially (24) inwardly proximate to the undulating membrane (210), and optionally wherein the undulating membrane (210) is disposed against the stator radially (24) proximate to the stator (100).
14. Support system (10) according to any one of claims 12 or 13 when dependent on claim 5, wherein the wave shaped membrane (210) and/or the smooth membrane (220) respectively comprise at least one locking element (250) designed to be inserted in a groove (120) of the stator (100) in order to lock the wave shaped membrane (210) and/or the smooth membrane (220) in a position-proof manner in the circumferential direction (26) and/or in the radial direction (24).
15. A supercharging device (1) comprising:
a shaft (500);
an electric motor (2) comprising a rotor (400), wherein the rotor (400) is arranged on the shaft (500); and
at least one compressor wheel (600);
characterized in that the charging device (1) comprises a support system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator (100) is part of an electric motor (2), and optionally wherein the charging device (1) is designed for use with a fuel cell (3).
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a support system for a rotor of an electric motor. The invention also relates to a charging device having such a bearing system.
Background
More and more new generation vehicles are equipped with a supercharging device to achieve the required purpose and legal requirements. The development of supercharging devices requires optimization of the individual components not only with respect to their reliability and efficiency, but also of the overall optimization system with respect to their reliability and efficiency.
The known supercharging devices usually have at least one compressor with a compressor wheel which is connected to a drive unit via a common shaft. The compressor compresses fresh air drawn in for the internal combustion engine or the fuel cell. Thereby, the amount of air or oxygen supplied to the engine for combustion or to the fuel cell for reaction is increased. This in turn leads to a power boost of the internal combustion engine or the fuel cell.
The charging device may be equipped with different drive units. In particular, electric superchargers in which the compressor is driven by an electric motor and exhaust gas turbochargers in which the compressor is driven by an exhaust gas turbine are known from the prior art. A combination of both drive units is also used. Systems whose drive units comprise electric motors generally comprise a stator disposed within a bearing housing, which surrounds a rotor disposed on or integrated into a shaft. In the prior art, the system of compressor wheel, shaft and rotor and, if appropriate, exhaust gas turbine is usually mounted in a bearing housing by means of a radial and axial air bearing via the shaft. The known systems generally lead to higher installation space requirements and design constraints.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a support system or charging device having a compact structure.
The invention relates to a bearing system for a rotor of an electric motor according to
A support system for a rotor of an electric motor includes a stator and at least one radial bearing. The stator here forms part of the radial bearing. That is, the stator assumes part of the function of a radial bearing. In other words, this means that a part of the function of the radial bearing is integrated into the stator. Thus, the additional components that are usually required in addition, such as an additional bearing sleeve that is arranged in the bearing housing and surrounds the motor shaft, can be dispensed with. The result is fewer parts and less space requirement for the radial mechanism. In particular, however, this also results in a smaller axial installation space requirement, since the bearing system according to the invention does not require the axial space normally occupied by the bearing bush axially next to the stator. This ultimately results in a more compact support system or, when employed within a supercharging device, a more compact supercharging device.
In the design of the support system, the radial bearing may be an air bearing. In contrast to, for example, oil lubricated bearings, air bearings do not require oil supply and also do not have to be completely sealed. The air bearing, i.e. also the radial bearing, can thus be arranged flexibly in different regions of the bearing system or, when the bearing system is used in a charging device, in different regions of the charging device. The air bearing is advantageous, in particular for use in fuel cells, since the fuel cell should not be contaminated by foreign substances, so that there is no risk of damage or functional failure. In the case of oil-lubricated bearings, this is ensured only by a complete oil seal, which cannot be achieved or can only be achieved at high cost. Thus, the air bearing also results in a more reliable drive system, especially when used with a fuel cell.
In the case of a bearing system design which can be combined with the previous design, the radial bearing can be formed radially between the stator of the electric motor and the rotor which is inserted into the stator in the operating state. In this way, the additional components that are usually required in addition, such as an additional bearing sleeve that is arranged on the motor shaft, can be dispensed with. That is, the radial bearing may be partly constituted by components already present in the motor. The result is fewer parts and less space requirement for the radial mechanism. In particular, however, this also results in a smaller axial installation space requirement, since the bearing system according to the invention does not require the axial space normally occupied by the bearing bush axially next to the stator. This ultimately results in a more compact support system or, when employed within a supercharging device, a more compact supercharging device.
In a support system design that may be combined with any of the previous designs, the stator may be designed such that the bearing membrane may be secured to the stator. In particular, the stator may be designed such that the bearing membrane may be fixed within the stator.
In a support system design that may be combined with the previous design, the stator may comprise at least one groove for fixing a bearing membrane, which extends radially into the stator.
In a support system design that can be combined with the previous design, the groove can be designed to fix the bearing membrane in a position that is secured against displacement in the radial and/or circumferential direction. Further, the groove may have an L-shaped cross section. Alternatively, the groove may have a T-shaped cross-section.
In a support system design in which the stator includes at least one groove, the groove may be positioned on the inner surface of the stator can.
Alternatively or additionally, the stator may comprise a plurality of radially extending winding ribs. The groove may then be provided in one of said winding ribs. Alternatively or additionally, the stator may include a plurality of axially extending packing ribs. The groove can then be provided in one of the packing ribs.
In a support system design in which the stator includes at least one groove, the groove may extend axially through the entire length of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the groove may extend in an axial direction from the first axial end of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the groove may extend in the axial direction from the second axial end of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the groove does not extend to the axial center of the stator.
In a support system design that may be combined with any of the previous designs, the support system may include a first radial bearing and a second radial bearing. The first radial bearing may be arranged here at a first axial end of the stator. The second radial bearing may be arranged here at the second axial end of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the support system may comprise at least one spacer. The spacer may be disposed on an inner surface of the housing of the stator. The first radial bearing and the second radial bearing may be axially spaced apart from each other by the spacer. By using two radial bearings in comparison to one radial bearing, the potential contact or friction surfaces between the bearing membrane and the motor rotor or motor shaft supported therein in the operating state can be reduced. The efficiency of the support system can be improved. This can be achieved, for example, by using, instead of one radial bearing, two radial bearings spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, each having a small axial extent, so that the sum of the axial extents of the two radial bearings is smaller than the axial extent of the individual radial bearing. The further the two radial bearings are spaced apart from one another, the greater the bearing stability of the motor rotor or motor shaft which is inserted into the stator in the operating state can be. A more efficient support system can thus be provided by the advantageous design. Vibrations and vibrations of the support system can also be reduced by the design.
In a support system design where the support system comprises a recess and which may be combined with the previous design, the spacer may comprise a fixing. The fixing portion may be designed to be insertable into the recess. Alternatively or additionally, the fastening part can be designed so as to be axially displaceable into the recess.
In a design of the support system in which the support system comprises at least one spacer, the spacer can be designed substantially in the shape of a rib in the axial direction. Alternatively, the spacer can be designed in the shape of a substantially cylindrical segment in the circumferential direction around the stator axis.
In a support system design that may be combined with any of the previous designs, the radial bearing may include at least one wave film and/or at least one smooth film. The wave film and/or the smoothing film may be disposed along an inner circumferential surface of the stator. Furthermore, the corrugated and/or smooth film can be designed in the shape of a ring segment around the stator axis. Alternatively or additionally, the smoothing membrane may be arranged radially inwardly against the corrugated membrane, immediately adjacent to the corrugated membrane. Alternatively or additionally, the corrugated membrane can be arranged radially next to the stator against the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the wave shaped membrane may be designed to bias the smooth membrane in a radial direction towards the motor rotor which is enclosed in the stator in the working state. By means of the described advantageous embodiment, a very narrow air gap can be produced between the rotor of the electric motor, which is inserted into the stator in the operating state of the bearing system, and the smoothing membrane, as a result of which a bearing action can be produced between the rotor and the stator or between the rotor and the smoothing membrane.
In the design of the support system comprising at least one wave-shaped membrane and/or at least one smoothing membrane, the wave-shaped membrane may be designed to be elastically compressible between the smoothing membrane and the stator by means of a radial movement of the smoothing membrane, so that an air gap may be formed in the radial direction between the rotor and the smoothing membrane which are incorporated in the stator in the operating state. In other words, this means that the smoothing film can be arranged directly against the motor rotor inserted into the stator when the bearing system or the electric motor or the pressure boosting device is not operating. In operation, an air gap may be formed radially between the smooth membrane and the rotor by radial movement of the smooth membrane towards the corrugated membrane and the stator radially adjacent the corrugated membrane, permitted by the elastic compressibility of the corrugated membrane. This air gap produces a bearing action and results in little friction compared to a smooth membrane or rolling bearing which bears against the rotor.
In designs of the support system in which the support system comprises at least one wave shaped membrane and/or at least one smoothing membrane and the stator comprises at least one groove, the wave shaped membrane and/or the smoothing membrane may each comprise at least one locking element. The locking element can be designed to be inserted into a groove of the stator in order to fix the corrugated and/or smooth membrane in the circumferential and/or radial direction in a position-proof manner. Additionally, the respective locking member may project in the radial direction from the corrugated membrane and/or the respective smooth membrane in the mounted state. In addition, the locking element can be designed as a rib-like projection extending in the radial direction and in the axial direction. Alternatively or additionally, the locking element may have an L-shaped cross-section. Alternatively, the locking element may have a T-shaped cross-section.
In designs where the support system comprises at least one corrugated membrane and/or at least one smooth membrane, the support system may comprise at least one axial locking element. The axial lock may be designed to fix the corrugated membrane and/or the smooth membrane and/or the spacer against axial displacement.
In a support system design that may be combined with the previous design, the support system may include a first axial lock. The first axial lock may be disposed at a first axial end of the stator. Alternatively or additionally, the support system may comprise a second axial lock disposed at the second axial end of the stator.
In a support system design that may be combined with any of the previous designs, the support system may further comprise at least one thrust bearing.
The invention also relates to a supercharging device. The supercharging arrangement comprises a shaft, an electric motor and at least one compressor wheel. The motor has a rotor. The rotor is mounted on the shaft. The supercharging arrangement further comprises a bearing system according to any of the preceding designs. The stator is here part of an electric motor. The pressure boosting device may be particularly designed for use with fuel cells. The air bearing is particularly advantageous here because the fuel cell should not be contaminated by foreign matter, so that there is no risk of damage or functional failure. In the case of oil-lubricated bearings, this is ensured only by a complete oil seal, which cannot be achieved or can only be achieved at high cost. Thus, the air bearing also results in a more reliable drive system, especially when used with a fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a side cross-sectional view of a supercharging assembly with a known support system for an electric motor;
FIG. 2A shows a side cross-sectional view of the support system of the present invention with a radial bearing in a supercharging device;
FIG. 2B shows a side cross-sectional view of the inventive support system of FIG. 2A with an alternative radial bearing installed in place;
3A-3D show a plurality of cross-sectional views of different mounting states of the support system of the invention including a stator, a bearing membrane and a rotor;
FIGS. 4A-4B show a cross-sectional view (B-B) and a corresponding detail view in a side sectional view along section line A-A of the support system of the present invention, here showing two radial bearings with spacers;
5A-5B illustrate different cross-sectional side views of different in-place support systems including exemplary designs of spacers and radial bearings;
fig. 6 shows a schematic view of a pressure intensifying apparatus of the present invention comprising a fuel cell.
Detailed Description
In the context of the present application, the expressions "shaft" and "axial" relate to the axis of the stator or of the rotor. Referring to the drawings (see, e.g., fig. 1 or 2A), the axial direction is indicated by
Fig. 1 shows a known
In contrast, FIG. 2A illustrates the
Fig. 2A shows the
The
Fig. 2A and 2B show the
Similar to the radial bearing 2000 of the known
Thus, the
It is to be noted here that the figures present only a schematic representation of the
Fig. 3A to 3D show various installation states of the
Fig. 3A to 3D also show that the stator comprises three
The
Here, the
The
In the example of fig. 3C and 3D, each of the
Alternatively, instead of the
The number of
Fig. 4B shows a side cross-sectional view of the
In connection therewith, fig. 5B shows the
The
In the example shown, the
Additionally, the
Further, the
The
The invention also relates to a supercharging device 1 (see fig. 2A and 2B). The supercharging
The
While the invention has been described above and defined in the appended claims, it should be understood that the invention may alternatively be defined according to the following embodiments:
1. a support system (10) for a rotor (400) of an electric motor (2), comprising:
a stator (100);
at least one radial bearing (200);
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
the stator (100) forms part of the radial bearing (200).
2. The support system (10) of
3. The bearing system (10) according to one of
4. The support system (10) according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the stator (100) is designed such that several bearing membranes (210, 220) can be fixed on the stator (100).
5. The support system (10) according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the stator (100) comprises at least one groove (120) for fixing the bearing membrane (210, 220), said groove extending radially (24) into the stator (100).
6. The bearing system (10) according to embodiment 5, wherein the groove (120) is designed to fix the bearing membrane (210, 220) in a position in the radial direction (24) and/or in the circumferential direction (26) in a position-proof manner, in particular wherein the groove (120) has an L-shaped cross section, particularly preferably wherein the groove (120) has a T-shaped cross section.
7. The support system (10) of any of
8. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 5-7, wherein the stator (100) includes a plurality of winding ribs (110) extending in a radial direction (24), and wherein the groove (120) is disposed in one of the winding ribs (110).
9. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 5-8, wherein the stator (100) includes a plurality of packing ribs (132) extending in an axial direction (22), and wherein the groove (120) is disposed in one of the packing ribs (132).
10. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 5-9, wherein the groove (120) extends the entire length of the stator (100) in the axial direction (22).
11. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 5-10, wherein the groove (120) extends in an axial direction (22) from the first axial end (142) of the stator (100).
12. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 5-11, wherein the groove (120) extends in an axial direction (22) from the second axial end (144) of the stator (100).
13. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 5-12, wherein the groove (120) does not extend to an axial center (152) of the stator (100).
14. The support system (10) of any one of the previous embodiments, comprising a first radial bearing (200a) and a second radial bearing (200b), wherein the first radial bearing (200a) is disposed at a first axial end (142) of the stator (100), and wherein the second radial bearing (200b) is disposed at a second axial end (144) of the stator (100).
15. The support system (10) of embodiment 14, further comprising at least one spacer (300) seated on a can inner surface (150) of the stator (100) and by means of which the first radial bearing (200a) and the second radial bearing (200b) are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction (22).
16. The bearing system (10) according to embodiment 15 as dependent on embodiment 5, wherein the spacer (300) comprises a fixing portion which is designed to be able to be fitted into the recess (120), in particular to be able to be moved in the axial direction (22) into the recess (120).
17. The bearing system (10) according to any one of embodiments 15 or 16, wherein the spacer (300) is designed in the axial direction (22) in a substantially rib shape.
18. The bearing system (10) according to any one of embodiments 15 to 17, wherein the spacer (300) is designed in a substantially cylindrical segment shape in a circumferential direction (26) around the axis of the stator (100).
19. The support system (10) according to any one of the previous embodiments, wherein the radial bearing (200) comprises at least one wave film (210) and/or at least one smooth film (220) arranged along the inner circumferential surface (170) of the stator (100).
20. The bearing system (10) according to embodiment 19, wherein the wave shaped membrane (210) and/or the smooth membrane (220) are designed as ring segments around the axis of the stator (100).
21. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 19 or 20, wherein the smoothing membrane (220) is disposed against the undulating membrane (210) radially inward of and immediately adjacent to the undulating membrane (24).
22. The support system (10) of any one of embodiments 19 to 21, wherein the corrugated membrane (210) is arranged adjacent to the stator (100) in a radial direction (24) against the stator.
23. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 19-22, wherein the wave shaped membrane (210) is designed to bias the smooth membrane (220) in a radial direction (24) towards a rotor (400) of the electric motor (2) that is encased in the stator (100) in an operational state.
24. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 19 to 23, wherein the undulating membrane (210) is designed to be elastically compressible between the smoothing membrane (220) and the stator (100) by movement of the smoothing membrane (220) in the radial direction (22), so that an air gap can be formed in the radial direction (24) between the smoothing membrane (220) and the rotor (400) which is incorporated into the stator (100) in the operating state.
25. Support system (10) according to any one of embodiments 19 to 24, as far as dependent on
26. The bearing system (10) according to embodiment 25, wherein the respective locking element (250) projects in the installed state in the radial direction (24) from the corrugated membrane (210) and/or the respective smooth membrane (220), in particular wherein the locking element (250) is designed as a rib-like projection which extends in the radial direction (24) and in the axial direction (22).
27. The support system (10) of any of
28. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 19-27, further comprising at least one axial lock (270) designed to fix the corrugated membrane (210) and/or the smooth membrane (220) and/or the spacer (300) against axial (22) movement.
29. The support system (10) of embodiment 28, comprising a first axial lock (270a) disposed on the first axial end (142) of the stator (100).
30. The support system (10) of any of embodiments 28 or 29, comprising a second axial lock (270b) disposed on the second axial end (144) of the stator (100).
31. The support system (10) of any of the preceding embodiments, further comprising a thrust bearing (800).
32. A supercharging device (1) comprising:
a shaft (500);
an electric motor (2) comprising a rotor (400), wherein the rotor (400) is arranged on the shaft (500); and
at least one compressor wheel (600);
it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,
characterized in that the supercharging device (1) comprises a support system (10) according to any of the preceding embodiments, wherein the stator (100) is part of an electric motor (2), and optionally wherein the supercharging device (1) is designed for use with a fuel cell (3).
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