阅读说明：本技术 月基极端环境的热量储存系统 (Thermal storage system for lunar-based extreme environments ) 是由 *** 张国庆 高明忠 李存宝 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种月基极端环境的热量储存系统,热量储存系统设于月球的恒温层处,恒温层的温度保持恒定,恒温层距离月球的月表至少1米,该热量储存系统包括隔热层、储热层和切换组件,太阳光照射在隔热层上,隔热层覆盖储热层,隔热层的导热系数小于储热层的导热系数,隔热层开设有通道,储热层通过通道与外界连通,以接收太阳光的热量,切换组件设于通道,并用于切换储热层是否与外界进行热量交换。通过上述设置,隔热层将储热层的热量与外界隔绝,减少热量逸散,切换组件控制储热层吸收/发散热量,有利于热量储存系统进行逆向于较大温差的热交换,便于在月球的极端环境中进行人类活动,有利于人类进行深空探测。(The invention provides a heat storage system in an extreme moon-based environment, which is arranged at a constant temperature layer of a moon, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature layer is kept constant, the constant temperature layer is at least 1 m away from the lunar surface of the moon, the heat storage system comprises a heat insulation layer, a heat storage layer and a switching assembly, sunlight irradiates on the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer covers the heat storage layer, the heat conductivity of the heat insulation layer is smaller than that of the heat storage layer, the heat insulation layer is provided with a channel, the heat storage layer is communicated with the outside through the channel to receive the heat of the sunlight, and the switching assembly is arranged in the channel and is used for switching whether the heat storage layer exchanges heat with. Through the setting, the heat insulating layer is isolated with the heat of heat storage layer and external, reduces the heat loss, and the heat storage layer is controlled to the switching module and is absorbed/disperse the heat, is favorable to the heat storage system to carry out the heat exchange in the great difference in temperature, is convenient for carry out human activity in the extreme environment of moon, is favorable to the human to carry out the deep space exploration.)

1. The utility model provides a heat storage system of extreme environment of month base, its characterized in that, the thermostatic layer department of moon is located to the heat storage system, the temperature on thermostatic layer keeps invariable, thermostatic layer distance the lunar surface of moon is 1 meter at least, the heat storage system includes insulating layer, heat storage layer and switching module, and the sunlight shines on the insulating layer, the insulating layer covers heat storage layer, the coefficient of heat conductivity of insulating layer is less than heat storage layer's coefficient of heat conductivity, the passageway has been seted up to the insulating layer, heat storage layer passes through passageway and external intercommunication to receive the heat of sunlight, switching module locates the passageway is used for switching whether heat storage layer carries out heat exchange with the external world.

2. The heat storage system of claim 1 wherein the switching assembly comprises a driving member, a heat insulation plate and a heat conduction plate, the driving member is connected to the heat insulation plate and the heat conduction plate, the driving member drives the heat insulation plate to close the channel, the heat storage layer has no heat exchange with the outside, and the driving member drives the heat conduction plate to close the channel, the heat storage layer has heat exchange with the outside for receiving the heat of the sunlight.

3. A heat storage system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said drive member comprises a push-pull mechanism, said thermally conductive plate and said thermally insulating plate being connected in series in a first direction, said push-pull mechanism urging said thermally conductive plate and said thermally insulating plate to reciprocate back and forth in said first direction.

4. The heat storage system of claim 3 wherein the channel extends from the thermal storage layer to the exterior in a second direction, the drive assembly is disposed on the thermally insulating layer, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

5. The heat storage system of claim 1 wherein the number of switching assemblies is no less than two, the number of channels is the same as the number of switching assemblies, and no less than two of the channels are provided at different locations.

6. A heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein the passage is filled with a heat conductive member, one end of the heat conductive member is connected to the heat storage layer, and the other end of the heat conductive member opposite to the heat storage layer is in communication with the outside.

7. The heat storage system of claim 6 wherein the thermal conductor comprises a filler portion filling the channel and connecting to the thermal storage layer and an extension portion connecting to the filler portion and protruding from a surface of the thermal insulation layer facing away from the thermal storage layer, the extension portion covering at least a portion of the surface of the thermal insulation layer.

8. The heat storage system of claim 6 wherein said thermally conductive member has a thermal conductivity greater than said thermally insulating layer.

9. A heat storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the thermal insulation layer is lunar soil and the thermal storage layer is lunar rock.

10. The heat storage system according to claim 9, wherein the switching member switches the heat storage layer to exchange heat with the outside to receive heat of the solar light when the moon is on the day of the month, and switches the heat storage layer from exchanging heat with the outside to exchanging no heat with the outside to store heat when the moon changes from the day of the month to the night of the month; when the moon is at night, the switching component is also used for switching the heat storage layer to release heat.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of human activities in an extreme lunar environment, and particularly relates to a heat storage system in an extreme lunar environment.

Background

The moon is the only satellite of the earth and is the sentinel for deep space exploration of human beings, and the development of intelligent utilization of the underground space of the moon is an important measure for establishing a moon base and bringing the moon into the human activity range. Due to the low heat conductivity coefficient of lunar soil, a constant temperature layer exists below the depth of 1 meter on the lunar surface, and the temperature is kept to be about 250K (-20 ℃). The rotation period of the moon is the same as the revolution period thereof, and is 29.5 earth days. The lunar surface temperature can reach 127 ℃, the time is 14.74 earth days, the lunar night is also 14.75 earth days, and the long-time night brings problems for the energy supply of the human base. Because the heat on the surface of the moon is mainly from solar irradiation, the temperature on the surface of the moon is reduced to about-183 ℃ at night. At such low temperatures, the source of energy capture from the lunar surface will be extremely limited.

How to build a heat storage system on the moon becomes the key for human beings to carry out deep space exploration.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a lunar-based extreme environment heat storage system capable of storing heat in the lunar extreme environment.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a heat storage system in an extreme moon-based environment, which is arranged at a constant temperature layer of a moon, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature layer is kept constant, the constant temperature layer is at least 1 m away from the lunar surface of the moon, the heat storage system comprises a heat insulation layer, a heat storage layer and a switching assembly, sunlight irradiates on the heat insulation layer, the heat insulation layer covers the heat storage layer, the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation layer is smaller than that of the heat storage layer, the heat insulation layer is provided with a channel, the heat storage layer is communicated with the outside through the channel to receive the heat of the sunlight, and the switching assembly is arranged in the channel and is used for switching whether the heat storage layer exchanges heat with the outside or not.

In one embodiment, the switching component comprises a driving part, a heat insulation board and a heat conduction board, the driving part is connected with the heat insulation board and the heat conduction board, the driving part drives the heat insulation board to seal the channel, the heat storage layer is not subjected to heat exchange with the outside, and when the driving part drives the heat conduction board to seal the channel, the heat storage layer is subjected to heat exchange with the outside so as to receive heat of sunlight.

In one embodiment, the driving member includes a push-pull mechanism, and in a first direction, the push-pull mechanism, the heat-conducting plate and the heat-insulating plate are sequentially connected, and the push-pull mechanism pushes the heat-conducting plate and the heat-insulating plate to reciprocate back and forth in the first direction.

In one embodiment, the channel extends from the heat storage layer to the outside along a second direction, the driving assembly is disposed on the heat insulation layer, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

In one embodiment, the number of the switching assemblies is not less than two, the number of the channels is the same as that of the switching assemblies, and the not less than two channels are arranged at different positions.

In one embodiment, the channel is filled with a heat conducting member, one end of the heat conducting member is connected to the heat storage layer, and the other end of the heat conducting member opposite to the heat storage layer is communicated with the outside.

In one embodiment, the heat conducting member includes a filling portion and an extending portion, the filling portion fills the channel and is connected to the thermal storage layer, the extending portion is connected to the filling portion and protrudes from a surface of the thermal insulation layer facing away from the thermal storage layer, and the extending portion covers at least a portion of the surface of the thermal insulation layer.

In one embodiment, the thermal conductive member has a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal insulating layer.

In one embodiment, the thermal insulation layer is lunar soil and the thermal storage layer is lunar rock.

In one embodiment, when the moon is in the daytime, the switching component switches the heat storage layer to exchange heat with the outside to receive heat of the sunlight, and when the moon changes from the daytime to the nighttime, the switching component switches the heat storage layer from exchanging heat with the outside to exchanging heat without the outside to store heat; when the moon is at night, the switching component is also used for switching the heat storage layer to release heat.

Through the setting, the heat insulating layer is isolated with the heat of heat storage layer and external, reduces the heat loss, and the heat storage layer is controlled to the switching module and absorbs/disperses the heat, is favorable to the heat storage system to carry out the heat exchange in the great difference in temperature of moon, is convenient for carry out human activity in the extreme environment of moon, is favorable to the human to carry out the deep space exploration.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat storage system provided herein;

fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic view of the heat storage system of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Due to the low heat conductivity coefficient of lunar soil, a constant temperature layer 50 exists below the lunar surface depth of 1 meter, the temperature is kept at about 250K (-20 ℃), and a good temperature environment can be provided for heat storage.

Referring to fig. 1, based on the research on the constant temperature layer 50, the embodiment of the present invention provides a heat storage system in an extreme environment of a lunar base, and the heat storage system is disposed at the constant temperature layer 50 where the temperature is kept constant. The heat storage system can be built on the moon and other extraterrestrial globes, and can provide an environment suitable for human activities. Particularly, with the implementation of moon exploration engineering in China, the construction on the moon can be realized in a short time. The detection of Mars also has substantial progress, and the construction of Mars can be realized in the near future.

This heat storage system includes insulating layer 10, heat storage layer 20 and switching module 30, sunlight shines on insulating layer 10, insulating layer 10 covers heat storage layer 20, the coefficient of heat conductivity of insulating layer 10 is less than heat storage layer 20's coefficient of heat conductivity, passageway 101 has been seted up to insulating layer 10, heat storage layer 20 communicates with the external world through passageway 101 to receive the heat of sunlight, switching module 30 locates passageway 101, and whether be used for switching heat storage layer 20 and carry out heat exchange with the external world. Specifically, the distance H between the constant temperature layer 50 and the lunar surface 11 is at least 1 meter, and the distance D between the heat storage layer 20 and the lunar surface 11 is greater than or equal to H, so that the heat storage layer 20 is completely positioned in the constant temperature layer 50.

Through the above arrangement, the heat of the heat storage layer 20 is isolated from the outside by the heat insulation layer 10, heat dissipation is reduced, the heat storage layer 20 is controlled by the switching component 30 to absorb/dissipate heat, the heat storage system is favorable for heat exchange in a reverse direction in an extreme environment, human activities are convenient to perform in the extreme environment of the moon, and space exploration is favorable for human beings.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the switching element 30 includes a driving element 31, a heat insulation board 32 and a heat conduction board 33, the driving element 31 is connected to the heat insulation board 32 and the heat conduction board 33, when the driving element 31 drives the heat insulation board 32 to close the channel 101, the heat storage layer 20 does not exchange heat with the outside, and when the driving element 31 drives the heat conduction board 33 to close the channel 101, the heat storage layer 20 exchanges heat with the outside to receive heat of sunlight.

Specifically, the heat insulating plate 32 may be made of an alloy or the like having a low thermal expansion coefficient and a weak thermal conductivity, and the heat conducting plate 33 may be made of an alloy or a plastic having a low thermal expansion coefficient and a strong thermal conductivity. The number of the heat insulation plates 32 may be plural to enhance the heat insulation effect. It is understood that the lower the thermal expansion coefficient, the smaller the magnitude of the volume expansion and contraction of the heat conductive plate 33 and the heat insulating plate 32 under the great temperature difference of the moon, the better the effect of insulating the thermal storage layer 20 from the outside.

It can be understood that, when the temperature of the lunar surface is higher than that of the thermal storage layer 20 in the lunar days, the switching assembly 30 closes the passage 101 through the thermal conductive plate 33, so that the thermal storage layer 20 can absorb the heat of the sunlight and store the heat; when the user is at night, the temperature of the lunar surface is lower than that of the heat storage layer 20, the switching component 30 seals the channel 101 through the heat insulation plate 32, and heat loss of the heat storage layer 20 is reduced.

Through the arrangement, the structure of the switching assembly 30 is simple, so that when the heat storage layer 20 exchanges heat with the outside, the heat exchange efficiency is high; after the heat storage layer 20 stops heat exchange with the outside, the heat loss of the heat storage layer 20 is less, and the heat storage system is favorably applied to the extreme environment of the moon.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the driving member 31 includes a push-pull mechanism 311, the heat-conducting plate 33 and the heat-shielding plate 32 are sequentially connected in the first direction 91, and the push-pull mechanism 311 pushes the heat-conducting plate 33 and the heat-shielding plate 32 to reciprocate in the first direction 91. Specifically, in the first direction 91, the push-pull mechanism 311, the heat insulating plate 32, and the heat conductive plate 33 may be connected in this order. The push-pull mechanism 311 can perform the push-pull operation by hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical or electromagnetic means. Through the arrangement, the switching speed of the switching assembly 30 is high, and the working efficiency of the heat storage system is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the channel 101 extends from the thermal storage layer 20 to the outside along a second direction 92, the driving component is disposed on the thermal insulation layer 10, and the second direction 92 intersects with the first direction 91. In particular, the second direction 92 is preferably the direction of gravity, the second direction 92 being perpendicular to the surface 11 of the insulating layer 10, the sunlight being able to direct the channel 101. The second direction 92 is preferably perpendicular to the first direction 91. Through the arrangement, more heat can be absorbed/dissipated in the unit time of the heat storage layer 20, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage layer 20 is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the number of the switching elements 30 is not less than two, the number of the channels 101 is the same as the number of the switching elements 30, and the not less than two channels 101 are disposed at different positions. Specifically, the switching assemblies 30 have a spacing distance therebetween, and the plurality of switching assemblies 30 are distributed in the thermal insulation layer 10, so that each part of the thermal storage layer 20 can exchange heat with the outside at the same time. Through the arrangement, the working efficiency of the heat storage system is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the channel 101 is filled with a heat conducting member 40, one end of the heat conducting member 40 is connected to the heat storage layer 20, and the other end of the heat conducting member 40 opposite to the heat storage layer is connected to the outside. Specifically, the heat conducting member 40 may be made of a material having a relatively high heat conducting property and a relatively low thermal expansion coefficient, such as diamond.

It can be understood that the heat-conducting member 40 on the side of the surface 11 of the switching assembly 30 close to the thermal insulation layer 10 absorbs the heat in the sunlight and stores the heat, and when the heat storage system needs to absorb the heat, the heat in the heat-conducting member 40 can be absorbed faster, so that the heat storage layer 20 can be heated up faster.

The heat conducting member 40 is arranged to preprocess the heat, so that the heat storage layer 20 can absorb/dissipate the external heat more quickly, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage system is improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the heat conducting member 40 includes a filling portion 41 and an extending portion 42, the filling portion 41 fills the channel 101 and is connected to the thermal storage layer 20, the extending portion 42 is connected to the filling portion 41 and protrudes from a surface of the thermal insulation layer 10 opposite to the thermal storage layer 20, and the extending portion 42 covers at least a portion of the surface 11 of the thermal insulation layer 10. Through the arrangement, the extension part 42 extends out of the surface 11 of the heat insulation layer 10, so that the contact area of the heat conduction member 40 and sunlight is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage system is further improved.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the thermal conductive member 40 has a thermal conductivity greater than that of the thermal insulating layer 10. Specifically, the thermal conductivity of the thermal conductive member 40 may be the same as that of the thermal storage layer 20, and the material of the thermal conductive member 40 may be the same as that of the thermal storage layer 20. With the above arrangement, the efficiency of the heat-conducting member 40 transferring the heat of the sunlight to the heat storage layer 20 is ensured.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the thermal insulation layer 10 is lunar soil, and the thermal storage layer 20 is lunar rock. Specifically, the constant temperature layer 50 of the moon may be lunar soil or a mixture of lunar soil and lunar rock, and the heat insulation layer 10 may be a part of the constant temperature layer 50. The insulation board 32 may be lunar soil, the heat-conducting member 40 and the heat-conducting plate 33 may be lunar rock, the lunar soil and the lunar soil have different heat conductivities, the heat conductivity of the lunar soil is about 0.001W/mK, and the heat conductivity of the lunar rock is about 0.922W/mK. It is about 1000 times that of lunar rock. The lower thermal conductivity of lunar soil provides a good insulating material for the conservation of heat, for which the thickness a of lunar soil is at least 1 meter by sufficiently burying lunar rock in lunar soil or sufficiently wrapping lunar rock with sufficient lunar soil, so that the heat of lunar rock can be isolated from the outside through lunar soil, thereby constructing a heat storage system in the moon. In addition, the moon also has geology with natural lunar soil fully wrapping the lunar rock, and the geology can be directly utilized to construct a heat storage system. Through the arrangement, the heat storage system can overcome the extreme environment of the moon, heat storage is carried out on the moon, and the heat storage system is beneficial to the development and civilization of human beings on the moon.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, when the moon is in the daytime, the switching element 30 switches the heat storage layer 20 to exchange heat with the outside to receive heat of the sunlight, and when the moon changes from the daytime to the nighttime, the switching element 30 switches the heat storage layer 20 from exchanging heat with the outside to exchanging no heat with the outside to store heat. Specifically, during the month and day, the temperature of the moon is as high as 127 ℃, the external heat is sufficient, and the heat conduction plate 33 is used to close the channel 101 of the heat storage system through the switching assembly 30, so that the heat storage system can absorb and store the heat of the sunlight. When the temperature of the moon changes from the daytime to the nighttime, the switching component 30 switches the heat storage layer 20 from heat exchange with the outside to no heat exchange with the outside, so as to avoid heat loss of the heat storage system. Through the arrangement, the heat storage system can fully store heat on the moon, and people can move at night conveniently.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the switching component 30 is further used for switching the thermal storage layer 20 to release heat when the moon is at night. Specifically, the heat conducting plate 33 may be made of lunar rock, and the heat insulating plate 32 may be made of lunar soil. At night, the temperature of the moon is as low as-183 ℃, the external heat is insufficient, the human being is difficult to move, and the heat storage system can release heat by closing the channel 101 of the heat storage system by the heat conduction plate 33 through the switching component 30. Through the arrangement, the human can carry out various activities at a lower temperature in the moon and night, and the civilized development of the human on the moon is accelerated.

In one embodiment, the heat storage system can be built in a lunar simulation environment of the earth, and the heat storage system is used as a simulation experiment system for testing the heat storage system, so that the heat utilization rate is further improved, and preparation is made for building the heat storage system on the moon.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.