阅读说明：本技术 高温环境下活塞裙部侧压疲劳试验装置 (Piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device under high temperature environment ) 是由 狄建兵 侯晔星 张丽强 王根全 王昊 闫玮 于 2019-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种高温环境下活塞裙部侧压疲劳试验装置,包括作动头,作动头联接试验设备,另一端与裙部压块限位连接,裙部压块下方固定安装裙部支撑块,裙部支撑块底部安装法兰底座,法兰底座安装在试验机下置式力传感器上方,装有空心活塞销的活塞样件安装在裙部支撑块的半圆支撑结构内部,并且活塞样件的头部朝向加温装置,加温装置采用感应加热的方式对活塞样件的头部进行非接触式加热,空心活塞销设有用于安装所述止动螺柱的内孔。本发明所述的高温环境下活塞裙部侧压疲劳试验装置,具有适应多规格活塞试验能力,通用性强；高频加载效率高；头部环境温度与试验工况可控、可调等优点。(The invention provides a piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high-temperature environment, which comprises an actuating head, wherein the actuating head is connected with test equipment, the other end of the actuating head is in limit connection with a skirt pressing block, a skirt supporting block is fixedly installed below the skirt pressing block, a flange base is installed at the bottom of the skirt supporting block and above a lower force sensor of a testing machine, a piston sample piece provided with a hollow piston pin is installed inside a semicircular supporting structure of the skirt supporting block, the head of the piston sample piece faces a heating device, the heating device carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece in an induction heating mode, and the hollow piston pin is provided with an inner hole for installing a stop stud. The piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in the high-temperature environment has the test capability of adapting to pistons with multiple specifications and strong universality; the high-frequency loading efficiency is high; the head environment temperature and the test working condition are controllable and adjustable.)

1. Piston skirt portion side pressure fatigue test device under high temperature environment, its characterized in that: the device comprises an actuating head, a skirt pressing block, skirt supporting blocks and a heating device, wherein the actuating head is connected with test equipment, the other end of the actuating head is in limit connection with the skirt pressing block, the skirt supporting block is fixedly installed below the skirt pressing block, the integral structure of the skirt supporting block is in a horn shape, the middle of the skirt supporting block is of a semicircular supporting structure, two sides of the skirt supporting block are of symmetrical protruding structures, protruding positions on two sides of the skirt supporting block are provided with through holes for installing stop studs, a flange base is installed at the bottom of the skirt supporting block and is installed above a force sensor arranged below a testing machine, a piston sample piece provided with a hollow piston pin is installed inside the semicircular supporting structure of the skirt supporting block, the head of the piston sample piece faces the heating device, the heating device adopts an induction heating mode to conduct.

2. The piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flange structure is used for connecting test equipment for actuating first one end, and the other end is the triangle structure for with skirt section briquetting plane contact, actuate the below middle of first bottom and be equipped with the locating pin hole that is used for installing the dowel, be equipped with a plurality of screws that are used for installing combination bolt all around, and the screw symmetry sets up.

3. The piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high temperature environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the skirt pressing block is of a cuboid structure provided with semicircular holes, and pin holes for mounting positioning pins and bolt holes for mounting combination bolts are designed on the other side of the skirt pressing block relative to the semicircular holes.

4. The piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flange base and the skirt supporting block are connected by pin hole positioning bolts.

5. The piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flange base is connected with the underlying force sensor by a spigot positioning bolt.

6. The piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner hole of the hollow piston pin is in clearance fit with the stop stud.

7. The piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high temperature environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating device is a row-type resistance furnace, and the row-type resistance furnace carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece in a heat radiation mode.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engine fatigue tests, and particularly relates to a piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in a high-temperature environment.

Background

The mechanical fatigue test of the piston part of the engine is an essential research means in the development process of the engine and is an effective method for evaluating the structural strength and reliability of the piston. The mechanical fatigue test device for the piston component usually adopts an electro-hydraulic servo system at the top of the piston to simulate the mechanical load action of the periodic variation of the explosion pressure in the cylinder on the axial direction of the piston component, thereby investigating the bearing capacity of the piston component. Its advantages are relatively real load simulation, basically reasonable stress of piston, and basically same failure mechanism of key position as that of whole machine. The testing device is suitable for testing in a normal temperature environment, and the thermal stress action of the piston is lost; the test load is single, and the structural reliability of the piston skirt part structure, particularly the rigidity and the strength of the piston skirt part structure, cannot be comprehensively checked. The piston bears the explosion pressure in the axial direction of the piston and the lateral pressure of the side wall of the cylinder sleeve to the skirt part of the cylinder sleeve during the operation of the engine, so that the piston is deformed in an elliptical form, the local structural stress direction of the piston is changed, and the structural strength of the piston is influenced. In addition, the piston is in a high-temperature environment, which causes the mechanical property of the piston material to be reduced, the deformation to be intensified, the structural strength to be reduced and the like. As a supplement to the conventional piston part fatigue test, the problem of the shortage can be well solved by the piston skirt side pressure fatigue test in the high-temperature environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in a high-temperature environment, so as to provide the piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in the high-temperature environment, which has the advantages of adaptability to multi-specification pistons, strong universality, high-frequency loading efficiency, controllable and adjustable head ambient temperature and test working conditions.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in a high-temperature environment comprises an actuating head, a skirt pressing block, a skirt supporting block and a heating device, wherein the actuating head is connected with test equipment, the other end of the actuating head is in limit connection with the skirt pressing block, the skirt supporting block is fixedly installed below the skirt pressing block, the integral structure of the skirt supporting block is in a horn shape, the middle of the skirt supporting block is a semicircular supporting structure, two sides of the skirt supporting block are symmetrical raised structures, through holes for installing stop studs are formed in the raised positions on the two sides of the skirt supporting block, a flange base is installed at the bottom of the skirt supporting block and above a lower force sensor of a testing machine, a piston sample piece provided with a hollow, the head of the piston sample piece faces the heating device, the heating device carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece in an induction heating mode, and the hollow piston pin is provided with an inner hole used for installing the stop stud.

Furthermore, it is used for hookup test equipment to actuate first one end for the flange structure, and the other end is the triangle-shaped structure for with skirt section briquetting plane contact, actuate the below middle of first bottom and be equipped with the location pinhole that is used for installing the dowel, be equipped with a plurality of screws that are used for installing the combination bolt all around, and the screw symmetry sets up.

Furthermore, the skirt pressing block is of a cuboid structure provided with a semicircular hole, and a pin hole for mounting a positioning pin and a bolt hole for mounting a combined bolt are designed on the other side of the skirt pressing block relative to the semicircular hole.

Furthermore, the flange base and the skirt supporting block are connected by pin hole positioning bolts.

Furthermore, the flange base and the underlying force sensor are connected by a spigot positioning bolt.

Furthermore, the inner hole of the hollow piston pin is in clearance fit with the stop stud.

Furthermore, the heating device is a row-type resistance furnace, and the row-type resistance furnace carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece in a heat radiation mode.

Compared with the prior art, the lateral pressure fatigue test device for the piston skirt part in the high-temperature environment has the following advantages:

(1) according to the piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in the high-temperature environment, the high-temperature environment in the cylinder is created in the head area of the piston, and heat is gradually conducted to all parts from the head of the piston to form a temperature gradient. Meanwhile, the skirt part of the piston achieves the purpose of mechanical fatigue test examination in a high-temperature environment under the periodic action of the lateral force.

(2) The piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in the high-temperature environment has the test capability of adapting to pistons with multiple specifications and strong universality; the high-frequency loading efficiency is high; the head environment temperature and the test working condition are controllable and adjustable.

(3) The invention relates to a piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in a high-temperature environment, which is used for test work in a high-frequency external pressure test machine environment. The piston skirt part is transverse, so that the installation is convenient and the positioning is reliable; the whole structure is compact, the test frequency is high, and the period is short. The sample piece bears the action of ballast pulsation, and the environmental temperature and the test working condition are convenient to adjust.

(4) The piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in the high-temperature environment is suitable for the lateral pressure fatigue strength examination of the piston skirt with any specification. The requirements of different pressure bearing positions and areas of the piston skirt part can be met. The structure is flexible to adjust and the universality is strong.

(5) The side pressure fatigue test device for the skirt part of the piston in the high-temperature environment adopts an induction heating mode for heating, and has the advantages of adjustable and controllable environmental temperature of the head part of the piston, strong persistence and good constant temperature effect. .

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device in a high-temperature environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.

Description of reference numerals:

1-actuating head; 2-skirt briquetting; 3-a skirt support block; 4-a flange base; 5-hollow piston pin; 6-stop stud; 7-a combination bolt; 8-positioning pins; 9-piston sample; 10-heating device.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

A piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device under a high-temperature environment is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises an actuating head 1, a skirt pressing block 2, a skirt supporting block 3, a flange base 4, a hollow piston pin 5, a stop stud 6, a combined bolt 7, a positioning pin 8 and a heating device 10, wherein one end of the actuating head 1 is of a flange structure and used for connecting test equipment, the other end of the actuating head is of a triangular structure and used for connecting skirt pressing blocks 2 required by pistons of different specifications, the skirt pressing block 2 is of a cuboid structure provided with semicircular holes, pin holes and bolt holes are designed on the other side of the skirt pressing block 2 relative to the semicircular holes so as to be positioned and connected with the actuating head 1, the skirt supporting block 3 is fixedly arranged below the skirt pressing block 2, the skirt supporting block 3 is used for supporting a bearing area of the piston skirt and preventing the piston from rotating, the whole structure is of a cattle horn shape, the two sides are of symmetrical raised structures, bolt through holes are formed in raised positions on two sides of the skirt supporting block 3 and used for installing the stop stud 6, pin holes and bolt holes are formed in the other side of each semi-circular supporting hole in a designed mode, so that the piston sample piece 9 provided with the hollow piston pin 5 can be positioned and connected with the flange base 4 conveniently, the piston sample piece 9 provided with the hollow piston pin 5 is installed inside the semi-circular supporting structure of the skirt supporting block 3, the hollow piston pin 5 is kept horizontal, the head of the piston faces the heating device 10, the heating device 10 carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece in an induction heating mode, the flange base 4 is installed at the bottom of the skirt supporting block 3, the flange base 4 is installed above a.

The actuating head 1 is a force transmission component of the device and is used for transmitting the acting force of the high-frequency equipment to the piston sample piece 9. One end of the actuating head 1 is of a flange structure and is used for connecting test equipment, and the other end of the actuating head is of a triangular structure and is used for connecting skirt pressing blocks 2 required by pistons of different specifications. The connection mode is plane contact, a positioning pin hole for installing a positioning pin 8 is arranged in the middle of the lower portion of the bottom of the actuating head 1, a plurality of screw holes for installing the combined bolts 7 are arranged on the periphery of the actuating head, and the screw holes are symmetrically arranged, so that the accurate position of acting force is effectively guaranteed, and the connection is reliable.

The skirt pressing block 2 is of a cuboid structure provided with a semicircular hole. The semicircular hole can be flexibly designed into different radiuses and arc lengths according to the diameter of the piston skirt and the requirement of the contact area during working. Effectively reappears the contact state of the piston skirt part and the cylinder sleeve in the cylinder. The exchangeability of the skirt press block 2 represents the versatility of the test device. The other side of the skirt pressing block 2 opposite to the semicircular hole is provided with a pin hole for installing a positioning pin 8 and a bolt hole for installing a combined bolt 7 so as to be positioned and connected with the actuating head 1.

The skirt support block 3 functions to support the load bearing area of the piston skirt and prevent the piston from rotating. The whole structure is in a horn shape, the middle part is in a semicircular supporting structure, and the two sides are in symmetrical convex structures. The same principle with the structure of the semicircular hole of the skirt pressing block 2 is that the semicircular supporting structure can flexibly design different radiuses and arc lengths according to the diameter of the piston skirt and the requirement of the contact area during working. And bolt through holes are formed in the protruding positions on the two sides of the skirt supporting block 3 and are used for installing the stop studs 6. And the other side of the opposite semicircular supporting hole is provided with a skirt supporting block pin hole and a skirt supporting block bolt hole so as to be positioned and connected with the flange base 4.

The flange base 4 is used for connecting the underneath type force sensor and forms a test machine base together with the skirt supporting block 3. The flange base 4 is connected with the underlying force sensor by a spigot positioning bolt; the flange base 4 and the skirt supporting block 3 are connected by pin hole positioning bolts. The piston skirt lateral pressure fatigue test device under the high-temperature environment forms a mechanical force transmission system which is applied to the piston skirt from the upper part to the lower part for supporting and load monitoring. Fatigue test under the action of alternating load can be obtained by the periodically-changed piston skirt part of the actuating force, so that the structural reliability of the piston skirt part can be effectively verified.

The hollow piston pin 5 can simulate the supporting effect of the piston pin on the pin hole during working, prevent the transition deformation of the piston pin and ensure the integral stress state of the piston. On the other hand, the inner hole of the piston is in clearance fit with the stop stud 6, so that the bearing surface of the piston is accurately positioned in the test process, and the rotation of the piston caused by test vibration is avoided.

The heating device 10 carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece in an induction heating mode, and is high in heating efficiency, high in speed, controllable in temperature, capable of locally heating and high in automation control degree.

The heating device 10 is a row-type resistance furnace, the row-type resistance furnace carries out non-contact heating on the head of the piston sample piece 9 in a heat radiation mode, the heating efficiency is high, the speed is high, the temperature is controllable, local heating is realized, and the automation control degree is high.

The working principle of the piston skirt side pressure fatigue test device in the high-temperature environment is as follows:

firstly, connecting an actuating head 1 with a skirt pressing block 2, and connecting the actuating head 1 with an upper touch head of a high-frequency testing machine; thirdly, combining the skirt supporting block 3 and the flange base 4, and fixing the skirt supporting block and the flange base above the lower force sensor of the testing machine; then, the piston sample 9 with the hollow piston pin 5 mounted thereon is placed on the skirt support block 3 in a lateral direction. Keeping the hollow piston pin 5 horizontal and the piston head facing the warming device 10. And respectively screwing the stop studs 6 into bolt through holes on two sides of the skirt support block 3. The positioning cylindrical surface of the stop stud 6 extends into the inner hole of the hollow piston pin 5. And (3) descending the test machine rack until the skirt pressing block 2 is contacted with the piston skirt, and ensuring that the piston sample piece 9 is in a clamped state. The position of the warming device 10 is adjusted to be opposite to the piston head. The test load, the cycle base, the head ambient temperature, and the like are set. And finally, starting a test, monitoring the test state, and starting a side pressure fatigue test examination of the skirt part of the piston.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.