阅读说明：本技术 基于暗场成像的太赫兹成像方法及装置 (Terahertz imaging method and device based on dark field imaging ) 是由 吴世有 刘辉 李超 常超 方广有 于 2019-11-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于暗场成像的太赫兹成像方法及装置,该方法包括准直的太赫兹波束经目标透射后得到第一透射波束；第一透射波束传播距离f后经第一透镜调制后得到第二透射波束；第二透射波束传播距离f后经过频谱面的波束挡板后得到第三透射波束；第三透射波束传播距离f后经第二透镜调制后得到第四透射波束；第四透射波束传播距离f后被太赫兹相机接收后成像。本发明将暗场成像技术引入到太赫兹成像中,结合暗场成像可实现高对比度成像的特点,从而实现太赫兹高对比度成像。(A terahertz imaging method and device based on dark field imaging comprises the steps that a collimated terahertz wave beam is transmitted by a target to obtain a first transmission wave beam; after the first transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a first lens, a second transmission beam is obtained; after the second transmission beam propagation distance f passes through the beam baffle of the frequency spectrum plane, a third transmission beam is obtained; after the third transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a second lens, a fourth transmission beam is obtained; and the fourth transmission beam is received by the terahertz camera after the propagation distance f and then is imaged. According to the terahertz high-contrast imaging method, a dark field imaging technology is introduced into terahertz imaging, and the characteristics of high-contrast imaging can be realized by combining the dark field imaging, so that terahertz high-contrast imaging is realized.)

1. A terahertz imaging method based on dark field imaging comprises the following steps:

obtaining a first transmission beam after the collimated terahertz beam is transmitted by a target;

after the first transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a first lens, a second transmission beam is obtained;

after the second transmission beam propagation distance f passes through the beam baffle of the frequency spectrum plane, a third transmission beam is obtained;

after the third transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a second lens, a fourth transmission beam is obtained;

and the fourth transmission beam is received by the terahertz camera after the propagation distance f and then is imaged.

2. The terahertz imaging method of claim 1,

the second transmission beam center is blocked by the beam stop.

3. The terahertz imaging method of claim 1,

the first lens and the second lens are both convex lenses, and the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens are both f.

4. The terahertz imaging method of claim 1,

field distribution E of the starting position of the first transmission beam₁(x₁，y₁) Comprises the following steps:

E₁(x₁，y₁)＝E₀(x₁，y₁)t(x₁，y₁)；

wherein E is₀(x₁，y₁) For a collimated terahertz field distribution to illuminate a target, t (x)₁，y₁) As a transmission function of the object, (x)₁，y₁) Are the coordinates of the target plane.

5. The terahertz imaging method according to claim 4,

field distribution E of the first transmitted beam to the first lens₂(x₂，y₂) Satisfies the following conditions:

F{E₂(x₂，y₂)}＝F{E₁(x₁，y₁)}H(f_x，f_y)；

wherein F {. is Fourier transform,

6. The terahertz imaging method according to claim 5,

field distribution E of the second transmitted beam to the spectral plane₃(x₃，y₃) Comprises the following steps:

wherein k is a wave number,

7. The terahertz imaging method according to claim 6,

the field distribution of the second transmission beam reaching the spectral plane is expanded as follows:

wherein the first term is the field distribution over the spectral plane when there is no target, i.e. the low frequency component; the second term is caused by diffraction effects and represents detailed information of the target, i.e., high frequency components;

since the beam shutter blocks the center of the second transmission beam, i.e., the low frequency component, and retains the high frequency component, the portion of the second transmission beam that is not blocked is located in the field distribution E 'of the spectral plane'₃(x₃，y₃) Comprises the following steps:

8. the terahertz imaging method according to claim 7,

field distribution E of the third transmitted beam to the second lens₄(x₄，y₄) Comprises the following steps:

F{E₄(x₄，y₄)}＝F{E′₃(x₃，y₃)}H(f_x，f_y)；

wherein f is_x＝x₄/λf，f_y＝y₄/λf，(x₄，y₄) Is the coordinate of the plane of the second lens.

9. The terahertz imaging method according to claim 6,

field distribution E of the fourth transmission beam reaching the surface of the terahertz camera₄(x₄，y₄) Comprises the following steps:

wherein (x)₅，y₅) Coordinates of a plane where the terahertz camera is located;

wherein, what terahertz camera received is light intensity, and its distribution I is:

10. an imaging apparatus for performing the terahertz imaging method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

a first lens for modulating a first transmitted beam transmitted through an imaging target;

a beam shutter for blocking a center of the second transmission beam passing through the first lens;

a second lens for modulating a third transmitted beam passing through the beam stop; and

the terahertz camera is used for receiving and imaging the fourth transmission beam after passing through the second lens;

the imaging target, the first lens, the beam baffle, the second lens and the terahertz camera are arranged equidistantly and in parallel;

wherein the beam shutter is disposed at a second transmitted beam center position.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of terahertz quasi-optical imaging, in particular to a terahertz imaging method and device based on dark field imaging.

Background

The terahertz wave has certain penetrating capacity to biological tissues, is low in single photon energy, cannot cause biological tissue ionization, is very safe in biomedical imaging, and is suitable for biomedical imaging. However, the contrast of terahertz biomedical images is often very low, mainly because the water content of biological tissues is high, the terahertz waves are absorbed by water very strongly, and the difference between the transmission/reflection rates of some different types of biological tissues to terahertz waves is very small. Therefore, there is a need to study terahertz high-contrast imaging methods. Dark field imaging techniques are widely used in optical imaging, which achieves imaging contrast enhancement by extracting high frequency information of an imaging target, relative to common imaging methods. The dark field imaging technology is introduced into the field of terahertz imaging, and terahertz high-contrast imaging can be achieved. Therefore, the terahertz dark field imaging method has important research value.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, one of the main objectives of the present invention is to provide a terahertz imaging method and apparatus based on dark field imaging, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a terahertz imaging method based on dark field imaging, including:

obtaining a first transmission beam after the collimated terahertz beam is transmitted by a target;

after the first transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a first lens, a second transmission beam is obtained;

after the second transmission beam propagation distance f passes through the beam baffle of the frequency spectrum plane, a third transmission beam is obtained;

after the third transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a second lens, a fourth transmission beam is obtained;

and the fourth transmission beam is received by the terahertz camera after the propagation distance f and then is imaged.

As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an imaging apparatus for performing the terahertz imaging method as described above, including:

a first lens for modulating a first transmitted beam transmitted through an imaging target;

a beam shutter for blocking a center of the second transmission beam passing through the first lens;

a second lens for modulating a third transmitted beam passing through the beam stop; and

and the terahertz camera is used for receiving and imaging the fourth transmission beam after passing through the second lens.

Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the terahertz imaging method and device based on dark field imaging at least have one of the following advantages:

1. the terahertz high-contrast imaging method based on dark field imaging introduces a dark field imaging technology into terahertz imaging, and combines the characteristic that the dark field imaging can realize high-contrast imaging, thereby realizing terahertz high-contrast imaging;

2. the terahertz camera is used for receiving, and real-time imaging of an imaging target can be achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic step diagram of a terahertz high-contrast imaging method based on dark field imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path structure of a terahertz high-contrast imaging device based on dark field imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a simulation imaging result of the terahertz high-contrast imaging method based on dark-field imaging according to the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.

At present, most of the traditional terahertz biomedical imaging methods have low imaging contrast and poor imaging quality. The invention aims to introduce dark field imaging in optical imaging into terahertz imaging so as to improve imaging contrast. Compared with the traditional imaging method, the dark field imaging method is characterized in that a beam baffle is added to a frequency spectrum plane for filtering low-frequency information of the target, so that high-frequency information of the target is extracted. Because the low-frequency information represents the background and the high-frequency information represents the details of the target, the dark-field imaging can inhibit the background and extract the details of the target, thereby realizing high-contrast imaging. The terahertz camera is used as receiving in the imaging system, and real-time high-contrast imaging of the target can be realized. Because the terahertz wavelength is much longer than the optical wavelength, a strong diffraction effect is easy to occur, and therefore the size and the spacing of the elements of the experimental system are far larger than the wavelength.

The invention discloses a terahertz imaging method based on dark field imaging, which comprises the following steps:

obtaining a first transmission beam after the collimated terahertz beam is transmitted by a target;

after the first transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a first lens, a second transmission beam is obtained;

after the second transmission beam propagation distance f passes through the beam baffle of the frequency spectrum plane, a third transmission beam is obtained;

after the third transmission beam propagation distance f is modulated by a second lens, a fourth transmission beam is obtained;

and the fourth transmission beam is received by the terahertz camera after the propagation distance f and then is imaged.

Wherein the second transmitted beam center is blocked by a beam stop.

The first lens and the second lens are both convex lenses, and the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens are both f.

Wherein a field distribution E of a starting position of the first transmission beam₁(x₁，y₁) Comprises the following steps:

E₁(x₁，y₁)＝E₀(x₁，y₁)t(x₁，y₁)；

wherein E is₀(x₁，y₁) For a collimated terahertz field distribution to illuminate a target, t (x)₁，y₁) As a transmission function of the object, (x)₁，y₁) Are the coordinates of the target plane.

Wherein a field distribution E of the first transmitted beam reaching the first lens₂(x₂，y₂) Satisfies the following conditions:

F{E₂(x₂，y₂)}＝F{E₁(x₁，y₁)}H(f_x，f_y)；

wherein F {. is Fourier transform,

f_x＝x₂/λf，f_y＝y₂λ f, j is an imaginary unit, λ is a terahertz wave wavelength, (x)₂，y₂) Is the coordinate of the plane of the first lens.

Wherein the second transmitted beam reaches field distribution E of the spectral plane₃(x₃，y₃) Comprises the following steps:

wherein k is a wave number,

is the modulation function of the first lens, (x)₃，y₃) Are coordinates of the spectral plane.

Wherein the field distribution of the second transmitted beam arriving at the spectral plane is expanded as:

wherein the first term is the field distribution over the spectral plane when there is no target, i.e. the low frequency component; the second term is caused by diffraction effects and represents detailed information of the target, i.e., high frequency components;

the beam baffle blocks the center of the second transmission beam, namely a low-frequency component, and a high-frequency component is reserved; so that the unshielded portion of the second transmitted beam lies in field distribution E 'of the spectral plane'₃(x₃，y₃) Comprises the following steps:

wherein a field distribution E of the third transmitted beam reaching the second lens₄(x₄，y₄) Comprises the following steps:

F{E₄(x₄，y₄)}＝F{E′₃(x₃，y₃)}H(f_x，f_y)；

wherein f is_x＝x₄/λf，f_y＝y₄/λf，(x₄，y₄) Is the coordinate of the plane of the second lens.

Wherein a field distribution E of the fourth transmitted beam reaching the terahertz camera surface₄(x₄，y₄) Comprises the following steps:

wherein (x)₅，y₅) Coordinates of a plane where the terahertz camera is located;

wherein, what terahertz camera received is light intensity, and its distribution I is:

the invention also discloses an imaging device for executing the terahertz imaging method, which comprises the following steps:

a first lens for modulating a first transmitted beam transmitted through an imaging target;

a beam shutter for blocking a center of the second transmission beam passing through the first lens;

a second lens for modulating a third transmitted beam passing through the beam stop; and

the terahertz camera is used for receiving and imaging the fourth transmission beam after passing through the second lens;

the imaging target, the first lens, the beam baffle, the second lens and the terahertz camera are arranged equidistantly and in parallel;

wherein the beam shutter is disposed at a second transmitted beam center position.

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific examples are given by way of illustration only and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the terahertz high-contrast imaging method based on dark-field imaging of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

and S1, obtaining a first transmission beam after the collimated terahertz beam is transmitted by the target.

The field distribution of the first transmission beam starting position is as follows:

E₁(x₁，y₁)＝E₀(x₁，y₁)t(x₁，y₁)；

wherein E is₀(x₁，y₁) For a collimated terahertz field distribution to illuminate a target, t (x)₁，y₁) As a transmission function of the object, (x)₁，y₁) Are the coordinates of the target plane.

S2, the first transmitted beam reaches the first lens after traveling a distance f.

The first transmission beam forms a second transmission beam after passing through the first lens;

the field distribution to the first lens satisfies:

F{E₂(x₂，y₂)}＝F{E₁(x₁，y₁)}H(f_x，f_y)；

wherein F {. is Fourier transform,

f_x＝x₂/λf，f_y＝y₂λ f, j is an imaginary unit, λ is a terahertz wave wavelength, (x)₂，y₂) Is the coordinate of the plane of the first lens.

And S3, the second transmission beam is modulated by the first lens, and then the propagation distance f reaches the spectrum surface.

The field distribution to the spectral plane is:

wherein k is a wave number,is the modulation function of the first lens, (x)₃，y₃) Are coordinates of the spectral plane.

S4, the center of the second transmission beam is shielded by a beam baffle positioned on the frequency spectrum plane, and the rest part of the second transmission beam is not shielded;

the second transmission beam forms a third transmission beam after passing through the beam baffle;

the field distribution to the spectral plane can be rewritten as:

wherein the first term is the field distribution over the spectral plane when there is no target, i.e. the low frequency component; the second term is caused by diffraction effects and represents detailed information of the target, i.e., high frequency components. The beam baffles block the center of the beam, i.e., the low frequency components, and retain the high frequency components. The partial field distribution of the second transmitted beam that is not blocked is:

s5, the part (namely the third transmission beam) of the second transmission beam which is not blocked reaches the second lens after propagating for a distance f;

the field distribution to the second lens is:

F{E₄(x₄，y₄)}＝F{E′₃(x₃，y₃)}H(f_x，f_y)；

wherein f is_x＝x₄/λf，f_y＝y₄/λf，(x₄，y₄) Is the coordinate of the plane of the second lens.

S6, the third beam is modulated by the second lens, and then the propagation distance f is received by the terahertz camera. And the third transmission beam passes through the second lens to obtain a fourth transmission beam. The field distribution reaching the surface of the terahertz camera is as follows:

wherein (x)₅，y₅) The coordinate of the plane where the terahertz camera is located is obtained.

The terahertz camera receives light intensity, and the distribution of the light intensity is as follows:

fig. 3 shows simulation results, in which fig. 3 (a), (c), and (e) show simulation targets, respectively, in which the transmittances of the letters "THz" in the target image are all 1, and the transmittances of the background are 0.6, 0.9, and 0.99, respectively, according to the contrast calculation formula: (max-min)/(max + min) it can be seen that the contrast of the target image is 25%, 5.26%, 0.5% respectively, i.e. the contrast is reduced accordingly, when the contrast is 0.5%, the human eye cannot recognize the target; (b) the images (a), (d), (f) and (e) are the corresponding images (a), (c) and (e) terahertz helical phase contrast imaging simulation results, and it can be seen that the simulation results can better extract the high-frequency information of the target, and the contrast of the three images is 100%, so that high-contrast imaging of the low-contrast target is realized.

In this embodiment, the first lens and the second lens are both convex lenses, and the focal lengths of the first lens and the second lens are both f. The purpose of the first lens is to fourier transform and then filter the terahertz beam containing the target information in the spectral plane. Dark field imaging adds a central baffle to the spectral plane to filter out low frequency components and highlight high frequency components. The purpose of the second lens is to perform fourier transformation on the filtered beam at the spectral plane to restore the filtered image of the target.

In conclusion, the terahertz high-contrast imaging method based on dark field imaging can realize high-contrast imaging, and real-time imaging can be realized by adopting a terahertz camera as receiving.

Unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by the present disclosure. In particular, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Generally, the expression is meant to encompass variations of ± 10% in some embodiments, 5% in some embodiments, 1% in some embodiments, 0.5% in some embodiments by the specified amount.

Furthermore, "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

The use of ordinal numbers such as "first," "second," "third," etc., in the specification and claims to modify a corresponding element does not by itself connote any ordinal number of the element or any ordering of one element from another or the order of manufacture, and the use of the ordinal numbers is only used to distinguish one element having a certain name from another element having a same name.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.