阅读说明：本技术 一种具有多层复合三维磁极阵列的盘式电机 (Disc type motor with multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array ) 是由 严亮 董子薇 田得可 于 2019-12-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有多层复合三维磁极阵列的盘式电机，其包括设于电机外壳内且沿电机转轴的轴向依次同轴套装的上层定子磁铁盘、上层转子线圈、中层定子磁铁盘、下层转子线圈、下层定子磁铁盘，上、下层定子磁铁盘上的永磁体均为轴向和切向交替排列的磁极阵列，中层定子磁铁盘上的永磁体为轴向的磁极阵列，三者的轴向永磁体一一相对且充磁方向相同，上、下层定子磁铁盘上的切向永磁体一一相对且充磁方向相反；上、下层转子线圈间隔地均布有多个绕组单元，相邻的两个绕组单元的通电方向相反；上、下层绕组单元一一相对且通电方向相同。采用本发明，能够确保电机中的气隙磁通密度足够大的同时，提高转子运动余度，提升电机动态性能。(The invention discloses a disc type motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array, which comprises an upper layer stator magnet disc, an upper layer rotor coil, a middle layer stator magnet disc, a lower layer rotor coil and a lower layer stator magnet disc which are arranged in a motor shell and coaxially sleeved in sequence along the axial direction of a motor rotating shaft, wherein permanent magnets on the upper layer stator magnet disc and the lower layer stator magnet disc are magnetic pole arrays which are alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction; a plurality of winding units are uniformly distributed on the upper layer rotor coil and the lower layer rotor coil at intervals, and the electrifying directions of two adjacent winding units are opposite; the upper and lower layer winding units are opposite one to one and have the same electrifying direction. By adopting the invention, the air gap flux density in the motor can be ensured to be large enough, the motion redundancy of the rotor is improved, and the dynamic performance of the motor is improved.)

1. A disc type motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array is characterized by comprising a motor shell, a motor rotating shaft and an upper stator magnet disc, an upper rotor coil, a middle stator magnet disc, a lower rotor coil and a lower stator magnet disc which are arranged in the motor shell and coaxially sleeved in sequence along the axial direction of the motor rotating shaft, wherein the upper stator magnet disc, the middle stator magnet disc and the lower stator magnet disc are fixedly connected with the motor shell respectively, and the upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil are fixedly connected with the motor rotating shaft respectively and can rotate relative to the stator magnet discs;

the upper layer of stator magnet disc is uniformly distributed with a plurality of upper layer permanent magnets along the circumferential direction, the plurality of upper layer permanent magnets are magnetic pole arrays which are alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction, and the upper layer permanent magnets comprise upper layer axial permanent magnets and upper layer tangential permanent magnets; the middle-layer stator magnet disc is uniformly distributed with a plurality of middle-layer permanent magnets at intervals along the circumferential direction of the middle-layer stator magnet disc, the middle-layer permanent magnets are axial magnetic pole arrays, and the middle-layer permanent magnets comprise middle-layer axial permanent magnets; the lower stator magnet disc is uniformly distributed with a plurality of lower permanent magnets along the circumferential direction, the plurality of lower permanent magnets are magnetic pole arrays which are alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction, and the lower permanent magnets comprise lower axial permanent magnets and lower tangential permanent magnets; the upper layer axial permanent magnet, the middle layer axial permanent magnet and the lower layer axial permanent magnet are opposite one to one and have the same magnetizing direction; the upper tangential permanent magnets are opposite to the lower tangential permanent magnets one by one and the magnetizing directions are opposite;

a plurality of upper-layer winding units are uniformly distributed on the upper-layer rotor coil at intervals along the circumferential direction of the upper-layer rotor coil, and the electrifying directions of two adjacent upper-layer winding units are opposite; a plurality of lower-layer winding units are uniformly distributed on the lower-layer rotor coil at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower-layer rotor coil, and the electrifying directions of two adjacent lower-layer winding units are opposite; the upper layer winding units and the lower layer winding units are opposite one to one and have the same electrifying direction.

2. A disc motor having a multi-layered composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower rotor coils are energized independently of each other.

3. A disc motor having a multi-layer composite three-dimensional pole array according to claim 1, wherein said upper, middle and lower stator magnet discs are each of disc type construction.

4. A disc motor having a multi-layer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower rotor coils are each of a fan-blade configuration.

5. The disc motor with the multi-layer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer permanent magnet, the middle layer permanent magnet and the lower layer permanent magnet are all fan-shaped, and the upper layer winding unit and the lower layer winding unit are all fan-shaped.

6. A disc motor having a multi-layered composite three-dimensional pole array according to claim 1, wherein a non-magnetically conductive spacer ring is attached between adjacent middle permanent magnets in the middle stator magnet disc.

7. The disc motor with the multi-layer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to claim 1, wherein the upper layer permanent magnet, the middle layer permanent magnet and the lower layer permanent magnet are all made of neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet materials.

8. A disc motor having a multi-layered composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower rotor coils are each provided with a coil support.

9. A disc motor having a multi-layer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to claim 8, wherein said coil support is a yoke.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a disc type motor, in particular to a disc type motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array.

Background

The disc type permanent magnet motor is also called an axial magnetic field motor, and has the advantages of short axial size, small volume, light weight and the like, so that the disc type permanent magnet motor becomes a hotspot in the field of motor research.

The application of the rare earth permanent magnet material improves the problems of low utilization rate and the like of the iron core of the traditional disc type motor, so that the disc type motor is further popularized. Meanwhile, in consideration of the contradiction that the storage amount of the rare earth permanent magnet material is small and the demand amount is large, the magnetism of the permanent magnet material needs to be fully utilized, and in the design process of the disc type permanent magnet motor, the use amount of the permanent magnet material is reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the motor performance, so that the aim of saving the motor cost is fulfilled. That is, the air gap flux density is increased with a minimum of permanent magnet material to ensure that the air gap flux density in the machine is sufficiently large. The air gap flux density of the permanent magnet motor can be generally improved from two aspects, one is to select a permanent magnet material with better performance, while the high-performance permanent magnet material usually means higher price cost, which limits the selection of the permanent magnet material. And secondly, the arrangement structure of the permanent magnet magnetic pole array is changed, so that the air gap flux density is improved, which is an effective measure. Therefore, the invention provides a novel disc type motor with a three-dimensional magnetic pole array, and the performance of the disc type motor is improved in the aspects of self shielding, magnetic field enhancement, multi-rotor output and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a disk motor with compound three-dimensional magnetic pole array of multilayer, can ensure that the air gap flux density in the motor is big enough the time, improves rotor motion redundancy and independence to form from shielding, reduce the motor quality, reduce the motor and generate heat, promote motor dynamic behavior.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a disc type motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array, which comprises a motor shell, a motor rotating shaft, an upper stator magnet disc, an upper rotor coil, a middle stator magnet disc, a lower rotor coil and a lower stator magnet disc, wherein the upper stator magnet disc, the upper rotor coil, the middle stator magnet disc, the lower rotor coil and the lower stator magnet disc are arranged in the motor shell and coaxially sleeved in sequence along the axial direction of the motor rotating shaft;

the upper layer of stator magnet disc is uniformly distributed with a plurality of upper layer permanent magnets along the circumferential direction, the plurality of upper layer permanent magnets are magnetic pole arrays which are alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction, and the upper layer permanent magnets comprise upper layer axial permanent magnets and upper layer tangential permanent magnets; the middle-layer stator magnet disc is uniformly distributed with a plurality of middle-layer permanent magnets at intervals along the circumferential direction of the middle-layer stator magnet disc, the middle-layer permanent magnets are axial magnetic pole arrays, and the middle-layer permanent magnets comprise middle-layer axial permanent magnets; the lower stator magnet disc is uniformly distributed with a plurality of lower permanent magnets along the circumferential direction, the plurality of lower permanent magnets are magnetic pole arrays which are alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction, and the lower permanent magnets comprise lower axial permanent magnets and lower tangential permanent magnets; the upper layer axial permanent magnet, the middle layer axial permanent magnet and the lower layer axial permanent magnet are opposite one to one and have the same magnetizing direction; the upper tangential permanent magnets are opposite to the lower tangential permanent magnets one by one and the magnetizing directions are opposite;

a plurality of upper-layer winding units are uniformly distributed on the upper-layer rotor coil at intervals along the circumferential direction of the upper-layer rotor coil, and the electrifying directions of two adjacent upper-layer winding units are opposite; a plurality of lower-layer winding units are uniformly distributed on the lower-layer rotor coil at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower-layer rotor coil, and the electrifying directions of two adjacent lower-layer winding units are opposite; the upper layer winding units and the lower layer winding units are opposite one to one and have the same electrifying direction.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil are energized independently of each other.

As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the upper stator magnet disc, the middle stator magnet disc, and the lower stator magnet disc are all disc-type structures.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil are both of a fan-blade structure.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the upper layer permanent magnet, the middle layer permanent magnet and the lower layer permanent magnet are all in the shape of a sector, and the upper layer winding unit and the lower layer winding unit are all in the shape of a sector.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, a non-magnetic spacer ring is connected between adjacent middle-layer permanent magnets in the middle-layer stator magnet disc.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the upper layer permanent magnet, the middle layer permanent magnet and the lower layer permanent magnet are all made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet materials.

As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil are each provided with a coil support.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coil support is a yoke.

Compared with the prior art, the disc type motor with the multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array has the beneficial effects that:

(1) through the design of upper stator magnet dish, middle level stator magnet dish and lower floor's stator magnet dish, optimized the axial magnetic circuit of motor, promoted the inside axial magnetic field component of motor to greatly increase output torque.

(2) The upper stator magnet disc and the lower stator magnet disc all adopt axial and tangential alternate arrangement's magnetic pole array, can form from shielding effect in motor inboard and each interlamellar, reduce the magnetic leakage, help reducing the back iron, reduce the total weight of motor, reduce the motor and generate heat, can obviously promote motor response characteristic.

(3) The upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil are connected into a whole through a motor rotating shaft, so that the total output force of the rotor can be effectively enhanced; because the energization modes of the upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil are mutually independent, the upper rotor coil and the lower rotor coil can obtain different output forces by respectively controlling the current input of the two rotor coils, and the two rotors are mutually backed up, so that the motion redundancy characteristic of the motor rotor is improved, and the loading reliability of the motor is further improved; for other applications, the dual-rotor coaxial output also improves the motor motion flexibility and the integration level.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a disc motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array provided by the invention;

fig. 2 is a magnetic circuit configuration view of the upper stator magnet disk;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energization of the upper layer rotor coil;

FIG. 4 is a magnetic circuit configuration view of the middle stator magnet disk;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the energization of the lower layer rotor coil;

FIG. 6 is a magnetic circuit configuration view of the lower stator magnet disk;

FIG. 7 is a distribution trend chart of magnetic induction lines of a disk type motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array provided by the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the rotor output force of a disk motor having a multi-layered composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array provided by the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a motor shell, 2, a motor rotating shaft, 3, an upper layer stator magnet disc, 31, an upper layer axial permanent magnet, 32, an upper layer tangential permanent magnet, 4, an upper layer rotor coil, 41, an upper layer winding unit, 5, a middle layer stator magnet disc, 51, a middle layer axial permanent magnet, 52, a spacing ring, 6, a lower layer rotor coil, 61, a lower layer winding unit, 7, a lower layer stator magnet disc, 71, a lower layer axial permanent magnet, 72 and a lower layer tangential permanent magnet.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., used herein are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "upper", "middle", "lower" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are used broadly and are defined as, for example, either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, a disc motor with a multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor housing 1, a motor shaft 2, and an upper stator magnet disc 3, an upper rotor coil 4, a middle stator magnet disc 5, a lower rotor coil 6, and a lower stator magnet disc 7, which are coaxially sleeved in the motor housing 1 in sequence along an axial direction of the motor shaft 2, where the upper stator magnet disc 3, the middle stator magnet disc 5, and the lower stator magnet disc 7 are respectively and fixedly connected to the motor housing 1, and the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 are respectively and fixedly connected to the motor shaft 2 and can rotate relative to each stator magnet disc.

As shown in fig. 2, the upper layer stator magnet disc 3 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of upper layer permanent magnets along the circumferential direction, the plurality of upper layer permanent magnets are magnetic pole arrays alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction, and the upper layer permanent magnets include upper layer axial permanent magnets 31 and upper layer tangential permanent magnets 32. Specifically, the upper stator magnet disc 3 is of a disc type structure, the upper permanent magnet is fan-shaped, and the upper permanent magnet is made of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high remanence density and high coercivity.

As shown in fig. 3, the middle-layer stator magnet disc 5 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of middle-layer permanent magnets at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof, the plurality of middle-layer permanent magnets are axial magnetic pole arrays, and the middle-layer permanent magnets include middle-layer axial permanent magnets 51. Specifically, the middle-layer stator magnet disc 5 is of a disc type structure, the middle-layer permanent magnet is in a fan shape, and the middle-layer permanent magnet is made of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high remanence density and high coercivity; a non-magnetic spacer ring 52 is connected between adjacent middle-layer permanent magnets in the middle-layer stator magnet disc 5, and the spacer ring 52 is fixed with the middle-layer permanent magnets on two sides in a bonding mode, so that the middle-layer permanent magnets can be conveniently installed and fixed.

As shown in fig. 4, the lower stator magnet disk 7 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of lower permanent magnets along the circumferential direction, the plurality of lower permanent magnets are magnetic pole arrays alternately arranged in the axial direction and the tangential direction, and the lower permanent magnets include a lower axial permanent magnet 71 and a lower tangential permanent magnet 72. Specifically, the lower stator magnet disc 7 is of a disc type structure, the lower permanent magnet is fan-shaped, and the lower permanent magnet is made of a neodymium iron boron permanent magnet material with high remanence density and high coercivity.

As shown in fig. 5, a plurality of upper layer winding units 41 are uniformly distributed on the upper layer rotor coil 4 at intervals along the circumferential direction thereof, and the energization directions of two adjacent upper layer winding units 41 are opposite. Specifically, the upper layer rotor coil 4 is provided with a coil support, which is preferably a yoke; the upper layer rotor coil 4 is of a fan-blade structure, and the upper layer winding unit 41 is of a fan shape.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of lower layer winding units 61 are uniformly distributed in the lower layer rotor coil 6 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the energization directions of two adjacent lower layer winding units 61 are opposite. Specifically, the upper rotor coil 4 is provided with a coil support, which is preferably a yoke; the lower layer rotor coil 6 is of a fan-blade structure, and the lower layer winding unit 61 is fan-shaped.

As shown in fig. 7, the upper layer axial permanent magnet 31, the middle layer axial permanent magnet 51 and the lower layer axial permanent magnet 71 are opposite one to another and have the same magnetizing direction; the upper tangential permanent magnets 32 are opposite to the lower tangential permanent magnets 72 one by one, and the magnetizing directions are opposite; the upper-layer winding units 41 and the lower-layer winding units 61 are opposite to each other one by one and have the same electrifying direction.

It should be noted that the energization modes of the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 are independent from each other, that is, the input currents of the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 can be controlled separately, so that the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 can obtain the same or different output forces (output torques).

Suppose that the magnetic induction line B starts from the upper stator magnet disc 3, passes through the upper rotor coil 4, the middle stator magnet disc 5, the lower rotor coil 6 and the lower stator magnet disc 7, and finally returns to the upper stator magnet disc 3 through the motor housing 1 (back iron) to form a complete loop. The three layers of stator magnet discs are arranged between the upper layer of rotor coil 6 and the lower layer of rotor coil 6 in an inserting mode to form an axial magnetic field with the uniform direction, so that tangential output force F is generated, and the rotation of the rotor is guaranteed, as shown in figure 8. In fig. 8, "dots" represent the coil cross-section with the current direction going out of the paper, and "x" represents the current direction going in of the paper. If the current direction is opposite, the motor rotor can generate an output force in the opposite direction to rotate in the opposite direction. The rotor can rotate by continuously adjusting the electrifying direction. In the actual loading process, the frequency and the amplitude of the electrified current are changed, so that the direction change frequency and the amplitude of the output force can be correspondingly changed, and a constant rotary motion or two independent rotary motions are generated on the loaded component.

In summary, the first key point of the disc motor with the multilayer composite three-dimensional magnetic pole array provided by the present invention is as follows: through the design of upper stator magnet disc 3, middle level stator magnet disc 5 and lower floor's stator magnet disc 7, optimized the axial magnetic circuit of motor, promoted the inside axial magnetic field component of motor to greatly increase output torque. The second key is that: upper stator magnet dish 3 and lower floor's stator magnet dish 7 all adopt axial and tangential alternate arrangement's magnetic pole array, can form the self-shielding effect in motor inboard and each interlamellar, reduce the magnetic leakage, help reducing the back iron, reduce the total weight of motor, reduce the motor and generate heat, can obviously promote motor response characteristic. The third key is that: the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 are connected into a whole through the motor rotating shaft 2, so that the total output force of the rotor can be effectively enhanced; because the energization modes of the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 are mutually independent, the upper rotor coil 4 and the lower rotor coil 6 can obtain different output forces by respectively controlling the current input of the two rotor coils, the two rotors are mutually backed up, the motion redundancy characteristic of the motor rotor is improved, and the loading reliability of the motor is further improved; for other applications, the dual-rotor coaxial output also improves the motor motion flexibility and the integration level.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.