阅读说明：本技术 磁电式发电机及其应用 (Magnetoelectric generator and application thereof ) 是由 牛少华 高世桥 金磊 隋丽 刘海鹏 李梦梅 代俊 石庚辰 于 2018-08-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种磁电式发电机及其应用，该磁电式发电机包括：壳体、永磁体、至少两个线圈和至少两个弹簧；弹簧分别压缩容纳于壳体内并分设于永磁体的两端；线圈分别套设于各弹簧外；永磁体在壳体内滑动并切割各线圈的磁力线。该磁电式发电机针对磁后坐发电机无法在侵彻环境中实现持续发电的情况，基于电磁感应定律，利用弹体侵彻目标过程中所受到的冲击作用，采用双簧双线圈结构，在受到冲击后可使磁体在线圈中持续运动，这样线圈即可产生感应电动势，实现持续发电对引信系统的持续供电。本发明还提供了磁电式发电机的在弹体侵彻目标过程中供电的应用。(The invention discloses a magnetoelectric generator and application thereof, the magnetoelectric generator comprises: the coil comprises a shell, a permanent magnet, at least two coils and at least two springs; the springs are respectively compressed and accommodated in the shell and are respectively arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet; the coils are respectively sleeved outside the springs; the permanent magnets slide in the housing and cut the magnetic lines of force of each coil. This magneto-electric generator can't realize the condition of continuing the electricity generation in the penetration environment to magnetism recoil generator, based on the electromagnetic induction law, utilizes the ballistic effect that the projectile body penetrated target in-process and received, adopts two coil structures of two springs, can make magnet continuous motion in the coil after receiving the impact, and the coil can produce induced electromotive force like this, realizes the continuous power supply of electricity generation to the fuze system. The invention also provides the application of the magnetoelectric generator in the process of penetrating the projectile body to supply power.)

1. A magnetoelectric generator characterized by comprising: the coil comprises a shell, a permanent magnet, at least two coils and at least two springs; the springs are respectively compressed and accommodated in the shell and are respectively arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet;

the coils are respectively sleeved outside the springs;

the permanent magnet slides in the shell and cuts magnetic lines of force of each coil.

2. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a first housing; the spring comprises a first spring and a second spring;

the first spring is contained in the first shell in a compressed mode and is abutted to the upper portion of the permanent magnet;

the second spring is contained in the first shell in a compressed mode and is abutted to the lower portion of the permanent magnet.

3. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, the first coil is sleeved outside the spring and is flush with the upper surface of the permanent magnet;

the second coil is sleeved outside the spring and is flush with the lower surface of the permanent magnet.

4. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 1, wherein the coil is sleeved on an outer wall of the housing.

5. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 2, wherein the first case includes a first end cap abutting against an end of the first spring and provided at an end of the first case.

6. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 2, wherein the first casing includes a second end cap, the second end cap abuts against one end of the second spring and covers the other end of the first casing.

7. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 2, wherein the housing further comprises a second housing, the second housing being disposed at an interval outside the first housing, the coil being accommodated in an interval between the second housing and the first housing.

8. An magnetoelectric generator according to claim 7 wherein the first housing and/or the gap is a vacuum seal.

9. The magnetoelectric generator according to claim 7, wherein the second casing includes: the second shell is a cylinder with one end open;

the sealing cover is arranged at one end of the second shell in a covering mode.

10. Use of an magnetoelectric generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for continuously supplying power to a fuze system during penetration of a projectile into a target.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a magnetoelectric generator and application thereof, belonging to the field of power generation devices.

Background

The magnetic recoil generator mainly utilizes recoil of a projectile body in the launching process, and relative linear motion is generated along the axial direction through a magnetic core and a coil, so that the magnetic flux of the closed coil is changed, and induced electromotive force is generated on the coil. The magnetic recoil generator belongs to a linear generator, and utilizes recoil to drive a magnetic core to do linear motion, because the recoil for driving the magnetic core to move is pulse force, the generated voltage is pulse voltage, and needs to be stored by a capacitor for a fuse circuit to use. The device has the advantages of low-temperature use, long-term storage, 100% nondestructive detection, simple structure, quick activation (about 1ms), convenience for fuse sealing and the like. The disadvantages are that the power generation can not be continuously carried out for a long time, the voltage is output in a pulse mode, and the energy accumulation is not high.

The process of penetrating a target at a high speed by a projectile body is a process of penetrating the inside of the target after the projectile body with a penetrating warhead impacts the target at a high speed. In the process of high-speed penetration of a projectile body to a target, a power supply (such as a lithium battery) on the projectile body fails under the action of high impact, and the power supply of an internal circuit system of the penetration fuze is mainly supplied by electric energy stored in an energy storage capacitor of the penetration fuze. However, in terms of current research and experimental conditions, in a high-speed penetration environment, the energy storage capacitor is prone to generate an electric leakage phenomenon, and cannot continuously and normally supply power to a fuze circuit system, so that the fuze system fails to work.

Referring to fig. 1, the conventional magnetic recoil generator includes: yoke, magnet steel, coil, iron core and jump ring baffle. The spring is inserted in the center of the iron core and slides up and down along the central shaft in the center of the iron core. The coil is accommodated in the magnetic steel, and the magnetic steel sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the iron core. The yoke sets up in the one end of iron core, and the other end of iron core sets up the jump ring baffle.

When a projectile is launched, the conventional magnetic recoil generator overcomes the resistance force of the support spring in the iron core by utilizing recoil force, so that the clamp spring baffle and the iron core generate recoil displacement together. When the clamp spring baffle plate moves out of the magnetic yoke, the clamp spring baffle plate is opened, and the limitation on the iron core is removed. When the recoil force is smaller than the resistance force of the supporting spring, the iron core rushes forward, so that the magnetic flux of the coil changes, and induced electromotive force is generated.

Disclosure of Invention

According to an aspect of the application, a magnetoelectric generator capable of continuously supplying power to a fuse in a penetration process is provided, the magnetoelectric generator can not continuously generate power in a penetration environment for a magnetic recoil generator, based on the law of electromagnetic induction, the impact effect on a projectile in a penetration target process is utilized, a double-spring and double-coil structure is adopted, the magnet can continuously move in the coil after the impact is received, the magnet reciprocates, induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, and continuous power supply of continuous power generation to a fuse system is realized.

The magnetoelectric generator includes: the coil comprises a shell, a permanent magnet, at least two coils and at least two springs; the springs are respectively compressed and accommodated in the shell and are respectively arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet; the coils are respectively sleeved outside the springs; the permanent magnet slides in the shell and cuts magnetic lines of force of each coil.

Preferably, the housing comprises a first housing; the spring comprises a first spring and a second spring; the first spring is contained in the first shell in a compressed mode and is abutted to the upper portion of the permanent magnet; the second spring is contained in the first shell in a compressed mode and is abutted to the lower portion of the permanent magnet.

Preferably, the coil comprises a first coil and a second coil, and the first coil is sleeved outside the spring and is flush with the upper surface of the permanent magnet; the second coil is sleeved outside the spring and is flush with the lower surface of the permanent magnet.

Preferably, the coil is sleeved on the outer wall of the shell.

Preferably, the first housing includes a first end cap, and the first end cap abuts against one end of the first spring and covers one end of the first housing.

Preferably, the first housing includes a second end cap, the second end cap abuts against one end of the second spring, and is disposed at the other end of the first housing.

Preferably, the housing further includes a second housing, the second housing is sleeved outside the first housing at an interval, and the coil is accommodated in the interval between the second housing and the first housing.

Preferably, the first housing and/or the space is vacuum tight.

Preferably, the second housing comprises a sealing cover, and the second housing is a cylinder with one end open; the sealing cover is arranged at one end of the second shell in a covering mode.

A further aspect of the invention also provides the use of a magnetoelectric generator as described above for continuously supplying power to a fuze system during penetration of a projectile into a target.

The beneficial effects of the invention include but are not limited to:

(1) the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention is used for avoiding the fuse system failure caused by the power failure, and if the existing magnetoelectric generator is directly adopted and the impact effect in the penetration process is used as excitation, the power is supplied to the fuse. Due to the structure of the existing magnetic recoil generator, the magnetic core can only move once under the action of the impact force, the generator has short working time and low electric energy accumulation, can only generate pulse voltage, and cannot realize continuous power generation in the penetration process.

(2) According to the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention, the springs are respectively arranged at the two ends of the permanent magnet, so that the springs are connected in parallel in the coordinate direction of the unit displacement required to be generated by the system, and continuously generate the application force on the permanent magnet, thereby ensuring that the permanent magnet can more stably and continuously vibrate after the projectile body is impacted, reducing half of the requirement on the rigidity of the springs on the other hand, adopting the springs with smaller sizes for production, and being beneficial to reducing the size of the generator and reducing the cost.

(3) The magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention has the advantages that the balance position of the permanent magnet is deviated from the coil at different heights, the space of the generator is effectively utilized, and the induced electromotive force is improved.

(4) According to the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention, the first shell where the permanent magnet is positioned and the second shell where the coil is positioned are sealed with the first shell in a vacuum pumping manner at intervals, so that the air damping of kinetic energy converted from impact force in the reciprocating motion process is reduced, and the power generation time and the power generation quantity of the permanent magnet are prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art magnetic recoil generator;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a magneto-electric generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram of acceleration excitation during projectile penetration, where t is 0 ≦ t < t₁And t₁＜t＜t₂T is more than or equal to t in the forced vibration period₂For free vibration period, a₀Is an acceleration extreme value;

FIG. 4 is a simplified equivalent circuit diagram of an electromagnetic unit of a magneto-electric generator according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a graph of the magnetic flux passing through the coil and the induced electromotive force generated with Z being 0, wherein a) is a graph of the magnetic flux passing through the coil and the time, and b) is a graph of the induced electromotive force generated and the time, wherein Z is a coordinate value of the permanent magnet in the Z-axis direction in a coordinate with the equilibrium position of the permanent magnet as the origin, which is the same in the following figures;

FIG. 6 is a graph of magnetic flux through the coil and induced electromotive force generated versus time for a preferred embodiment of the present invention where a) is the graph of magnetic flux through the coil versus time and b) is the graph of induced electromotive force generated versus time;

FIG. 7 is a graph of magnetic flux through the coil and induced electromotive force generated versus time for a preferred embodiment of the present invention where a) is the graph of magnetic flux through the coil versus time and b) is the graph of induced electromotive force generated versus time;

FIG. 8 is a graph of magnetic flux through the coil and induced electromotive force generated versus time for a preferred embodiment of the present invention where a) is the graph of magnetic flux through the coil versus time and b) is the graph of induced electromotive force generated versus time;

fig. 9 is a graph of magnetic flux through the coil and induced electromotive force generated versus time for a preferred embodiment of the present invention where a) is the graph of magnetic flux through the coil versus time and b) is the graph of induced electromotive force generated versus time;

fig. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the f-1000 Hz response and the damping ratio ζ in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

List of parts and reference numerals:

name of component	Reference numerals
		First shell	110
Second shell	120
		First coil	210
Second coil	220
		First spring	310
Second spring	320
		First end cap	410
Second end cap	420
		Sealing cover	510
Permanent magnet	600

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a magnetoelectric generator, including: a housing, a permanent magnet 600, at least two coils, and at least two springs; the springs are respectively compressed and accommodated in the housing and are respectively arranged at two ends of the permanent magnet 600; the coils are respectively sleeved outside the springs; the permanent magnet 600 slides within the housing and cuts the magnetic lines of force of each coil.

The magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention is provided with at least two springs at two ends of the permanent magnet 600 respectively, so that the kinetic energy of impact force on a fuse in the penetration process of a projectile body is absorbed and converted into the kinetic energy of the springs, and the permanent magnet 600 reciprocates among a plurality of coils under the action of the kinetic energy, thereby realizing the continuous power supply of a fuse system. The generator is particularly suitable for continuously supplying power to a fuze system, for example for supplying power to the fuze system, in a process of penetrating a target by a projectile. The structure which is not detailed here can be arranged according to the existing magnetoelectric generator to play the power supply role. The mounting mode of the spring in the shell of the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention can be carried out according to the existing method, for example, springs with equal compression amount can be respectively arranged on the two sides of the permanent magnet 600, and the permanent magnet 600 only needs to slide in the shell and cut the magnetic lines of force of each coil.

In the penetration process, the generator is rapidly decelerated along with the collision of a projectile body and a target, the inner permanent magnet 600 is subjected to forward impact force and generates relative linear motion with a three-dimensional coil wound on the main body shell, induced electromotive force is generated in the coil, and after the impact action disappears, the vibration pickup unit formed by the permanent magnet 600 and the spring further continues to vibrate in the main body shell, so that the induced electromotive force is further continuously generated in the coil.

The vibration pickup unit can be simplified into a mass-spring-damping vibration system caused by any excitation of the support, only the response of the relative motion of the permanent magnet and the support is focused, and the acceleration excitation of the support is simplified into the acceleration excitation shown in figure 3 according to the environmental force applied in the penetration process of the generator. The response of the vibration pickup unit in the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention can be divided into a forced vibration period and a free vibration period, the forced vibration period is determined by the penetration effect, if the penetration time is short, the generator generates less power in the forced vibration period, and therefore, the more important effect of the penetration time is to provide the initial speed and the initial displacement for the vibration pickup unit.

Preferably, the housing comprises a first housing 110; the springs include a first spring 310 and a second spring 320; the first spring 310 is accommodated in the first housing 110 in a compressed state and abuts against the upper portion of the permanent magnet 600; the second spring 320 is accommodated in the first housing 110 in a compressed state and abuts against the lower portion of the permanent magnet 600.

Preferably, the coil includes a first coil 210 and a second coil 220, the first coil 210 is sleeved outside the spring and is flush with the upper surface of the permanent magnet 600; the second coil 220 is sleeved outside the spring and is flush with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 600. The coil is arranged according to the method, so that the coil can be ensured to be in a state of cutting the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 600 for a long time, and the power supply time and the generation amount of electric energy are prolonged.

The induced electromotive force of the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention is determined by the change rate of the magnetic flux passing through the coil plane. The induced electromotive force generated is related to the magnetic field where the coil is located and the relative speed of the permanent magnet 600 and the stereo coil, and is the sum of the induced electromotive force and the motional electromotive force. The magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet 600 is not uniform, the induced electromotive force generated by the generator provided by the invention can be used by a fuse circuit device only after rectification, filtering and voltage stabilization, and the induced electromotive force can be simplified into a circuit shown in fig. 4 according to the basic working principle, and is formed by connecting a voltage source E, an internal resistance R, a self-inductance coil L and a load R in series. The other components, not shown, are arranged and assembled according to known methods. By adjusting the relationship between the balance position of the permanent magnet 600 and the coil position, the magnetic flux can be increased, and the power supply amount and the power supply time can be increased.

Specifically, in an embodiment, the coil includes a first coil 210 and a second coil 220, the first coil 210 is sleeved outside the first spring 310 and is flush with the upper surface of the permanent magnet 600; the second coil 220 is sleeved outside the second spring 320 and is flush with the lower surface of the permanent magnet 600.

Preferably, the coil is sleeved on the outer wall of the shell. Facilitating the fixing of the coil and the supply of power thereto.

Preferably, the first housing 110 includes a first end cap 410, and the first end cap 410 abuts against one end of the first spring 310 and covers one end of the first housing 110.

Preferably, the first housing 110 includes a second end cap 420, and the second end cap 420 abuts against one end of the second spring 320 and covers the other end of the first housing 110. The arrangement of the end cover can facilitate the installation of internal structures such as the permanent magnet 600 and the like; it is also possible to facilitate adjustment of the compression amounts of the first and second springs 310 and 320, respectively.

Preferably, the housing further includes a second housing 120, the second housing 120 is sleeved outside the first housing 110 at intervals, and the coil is accommodated in the interval between the second housing 120 and the first housing 110.

Preferably, the first housing 110 is vacuum sealed therein

Preferably, the first housing and/or the compartment is vacuum tight. By sealing the first housing and/or the gap after evacuation, the coil and/or the permanent magnet 600 is in a vacuum environment, which reduces the kinetic energy consumption of the spring, extends the power supply time and increases the power supply energy.

Preferably, the second housing 120 includes a sealing cover 510, and the second housing 120 is a cylinder with one end open; the sealing cover 510 is provided to cover one end of the second housing 120.

The magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention is explained in detail by combining specific examples and simulation tests as follows:

in an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the magnetoelectric generator provided by the present invention includes: the first case 110, and the first spring 310, the second spring 320, the permanent magnet 600, the second case 120, the first coil 210, and the second coil 220 accommodated in the first case 110. The first case 110 is provided with a first end cap 410 at the top and a second end cap 420 at the bottom. The outer wall of the permanent magnet 600 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the first housing 110. The first spring 310 is accommodated and clamped between the first end cover 410 and the permanent magnet 600; the second spring 320 is accommodated to be caught between the first end cap 410 and the permanent magnet 600. The first casing 110 is inserted into the second casing 120 after being assembled, and one end of the second casing 120 is closed and the other end is open, and is provided with a sealing cover 510 for sealing. The first coil 210 and the second coil 220 are sleeved on the outer wall of the first casing 110 and respectively face the first spring 310 and the second spring 320. After assembly, the space between the first and second housings 110 and 120 is evacuated and then sealed with a sealing cap 510. The sealing cover 510 may be a sealing ring or a sealing layer disposed around the cover for sealing. To extend the vacuum environment inside the engine.

In the process of penetrating the projectile into the target, the projectile can be subjected to impact resistance, and under the impact, the permanent magnet 600 in the magnetoelectric generator generates reciprocating relative motion between the first coil 210 and the second coil 220 which are wound and fixed in the second shell under the action of inertia force. The magnetic flux in the coil changes, and an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil. After the impact disappears, the permanent magnet 600 can continuously vibrate for a long time to continuously generate power due to the double-spring structure of the generator and the vacuum seal, so that the fuse system can be continuously powered. Compared with the existing magnetic recoil generator, the magneto-electric generator has stronger power generation capability, thereby meeting the requirement of power supply of a fuse circuit system in the penetration process.

The magnetoelectric generator in the embodiment is simulated by Ansoft software, and the obtained result is shown in attached figures 5-9.

As can be seen from fig. 5 to 9, when the permanent magnet 600 and the coil are at the same height, most of the magnetic induction lines of the permanent magnet 600 are parallel to the axis of the coil, the magnetic flux is large, but the change of the magnetic flux is not large, and therefore the induced electromotive force generated is not the maximum. The induced electromotive force is gradually increased as the height difference of the coil from the equilibrium position of the permanent magnet 600 is increased from 0mm to 3 mm. When the height difference between the coil and the equilibrium position of the permanent magnet 600 is increased from 3mm to 6mm, the induced electromotive force starts to be gradually reduced. As can be seen from fig. 5 to 9, the coil is too far away from the permanent magnet 600 to sufficiently and effectively utilize the magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet 600, and the induced electromotive force generated by the magnetoelectric generator is related not only to the vibration response of the permanent magnet 600 but also to the initial relative position of the coil and the permanent magnet 600.

In the present invention, when the permanent magnet 600 is in the equilibrium position, the upper and lower end surfaces of the permanent magnet 600 are flush with the end surfaces of the upper and lower coils, and the induced electromotive force generated at this time is the largest. On the premise of ensuring the maximum induced electromotive force, in order to effectively utilize the space of the generator, the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention is provided with a double-coil structure, and the coils are respectively arranged outside the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 600.

By adopting the magnetoelectric generator in the above embodiment, numerical simulation is performed by using Maple software, and a relationship curve between the response and the damping ratio of the vibration pickup unit of the magnetoelectric generator of the present invention is obtained, as shown in fig. 10. As can be seen from fig. 10, in the case where the natural frequency of the vibration pickup unit is not changed, the vibration amplitude of the vibration pickup unit is significantly attenuated as the total damping ratio ζ is increased. Reducing the total damping ratio ζ is beneficial to prolonging the time that the vibration pickup unit keeps larger amplitude.

After the first casing 110 is vacuumized, the permanent magnet 600 can be kept in the first casing 110 for a long time to vibrate rapidly when the magnetoelectric generator provided by the invention works. The generator vibration pickup unit is pumped into a vacuum state, so that the influence of air damping can be reduced, and the generating capacity and the generating time of the generator can be improved.

A further aspect of the invention also provides the use of a magnetoelectric generator as described above for continuously supplying power to a fuze system during penetration of a projectile into a target.

The magnetoelectric generator is particularly suitable for continuously supplying power to a fuze system in a projectile penetration target process. This generator, the structure is small and exquisite, can be better hold in the projectile body, and the weight gain is less, can also realize continuously supplying power simultaneously, guarantees the accuracy of detonating.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and the present invention is not limited to the above description, but rather should be construed as being limited to the scope of the present invention.