阅读说明：本技术 提高南美白对虾抗弧菌能力的人工配合饲料、制备方法及其应用 (Artificial compound feed for improving vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei boone, and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王鑫磊 王胜 吴钊 于 2019-11-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了提高南美白对虾抗弧菌能力的人工配合饲料、制备方法及其应用,其中,所述人工配合饲料包括以下组分：鱼粉、血球粉、鱿鱼膏、虾壳粉、豆粕、花生仁饼、棉粕、面粉、磷脂油、多维多矿预混料、磷酸二氢钙、抗氧化剂、防霉剂、氯化胆碱、壳聚糖季铵盐,所述制备方法包括：称取各组分,将除磷脂油以外的其它组分进行粉碎,过80-100目筛,得到固料粉碎物,将固料粉碎物与磷脂油混合均匀,经制粒、切割、冷却、筛除粉末后,得到所述提高南美白对虾抗弧菌能力的人工配合饲料。本发明能够降低南美白对虾因弧菌感染导致病害高发而带来的损失,提高对虾养殖行业的收率和成功率。(The invention discloses an artificial compound feed for improving vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei boone, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the artificial compound feed comprises the following components: fish meal, blood ball powder, squid liver paste, shrimp shell powder, bean pulp, peanut kernel cake, cottonseed meal, flour, phospholipid oil, multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix, monocalcium phosphate, an antioxidant, a mildew preventive, choline chloride and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the components, crushing the other components except the phospholipid oil, sieving the crushed components with a sieve of 80-100 meshes to obtain a solid material crushed material, uniformly mixing the solid material crushed material and the phospholipid oil, and granulating, cutting, cooling and sieving to remove powder to obtain the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone. The invention can reduce the loss of the penaeus vannamei caused by high disease incidence due to vibrio infection, and improve the yield and success rate of the penaeus vannamei culture industry.)

1. The artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone is characterized by comprising fish meal, blood ball powder, squid liver paste, shrimp shell powder, bean pulp, peanut kernel cake, cottonseed meal, flour, phospholipid oil, multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and isobutyric acid.

2. The artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone according to claim 1, wherein the artificial compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 2-5 parts of blood ball powder, 2-6 parts of squid liver paste, 4-8 parts of shrimp shell powder, 24-29 parts of soybean meal, 4-7 parts of peanut kernel cake, 2-7 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-19 parts of flour, 1-4 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-1.5 parts of multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of choline chloride, 0.25-0.5 part of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.3-1 part of isobutyric acid.

3. The artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone according to claim 2, which is characterized by further comprising the following components: antioxidant and mildew preventive.

4. The artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone according to the claim 3, wherein the weight part of the antioxidant is 0.005-0.03, and the weight part of the mildew preventive is 0.01-0.1.

5. The artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone according to claim 3, wherein the artificial compound feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 24 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of blood ball powder, 4 parts of squid liver paste, 7 parts of shrimp shell powder, 27.25 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of peanut kernel cake, 4 parts of cottonseed meal, 18 parts of flour, 2 parts of phospholipid oil, 1.5 parts of multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.01 part of antioxidant, 0.04 part of mildew preventive, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.5 part of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.5 part of isobutyric acid.

6. The artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein each kilogram of the multi-dimensional and multi-mineral premix comprises the following components in percentage by weight: more than 150000IU of vitamin A, more than 10000mg of vitamin C, more than 3100000-400000IU of vitamin D, more than 2700mg of D-calcium pantothenate, more than 4800mg of vitamin E, more than 7500mg of nicotinamide, more than 560mg of vitamin K3, more than 660mg of folic acid, more than 1 mg of vitamin B, more than 1800mg of vitamin B6, more than 600mg of inositol, more than 29000mg of potassium, more than 150000mg of iron 2000-.

7. The preparation method of the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the components are weighed according to parts by weight, other components except phospholipid oil are crushed, the crushed solid materials are sieved by a sieve of 80-100 meshes to obtain a crushed solid material, the crushed solid material and the phospholipid oil are uniformly mixed, and the crushed solid material and the phospholipid oil are granulated, cut, cooled and sieved to remove powder to obtain the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone.

8. The method for preparing an artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei according to claim 7, wherein the granulating and the cutting are completed in a pellet feed granulator.

9. The use of the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in the aspect of vibrio resistance.

10. The use of claim 9, wherein the vibrio comprises vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio harveyi.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic feeds, in particular to an artificial compound feed for improving vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei boone, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

In the process of culturing the penaeus vannamei boone, the pond discharge phenomenon caused by vibrio infection frequently occurs, and the harvest of a plurality of farmers is influenced. Taking shrimp bodies or shrimp pond water to carry out culture medium detection, finding out that yellow colonies are vibrio harveyi and vibrio alginolyticus, and blue-green colonies are vibrio parahaemolyticus. In the disease research of prawns, the main pathogenic bacteria causing the bacteremia of prawn larvae, the erythrosis and the leukoderma of prawns are vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio parahaemolyticus. Most pathogenic vibrios have strong invasive ability, are adapted to the environment in a host body and grow and reproduce in the host body, and have host resistance specificity. In the culture process, if the situation that eutrophic water, rainy weather, and water temperature, salinity, transparency, PH and dissolved oxygen mutation caused by cold and hot alternation occurs, the vibrios in the shrimp bodies and the water can be greatly propagated and copied, so that the spread and prevalence of the vibrios are accelerated, and the cultivation is seriously threatened.

At present, the penaeus vannamei boone has multiple diseases in the culture process due to the reasons of deteriorated culture environment, degraded germplasm resources of the penaeus vannamei boone, increased competition pressure of feed enterprises and the use of a large amount of alternative raw materials and the like, so that the development of an artificial compound feed capable of improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone is very necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei, the preparation method and the application thereof, so as to reduce the loss of the penaeus vannamei caused by high disease caused by vibrio infection and improve the yield and the success rate of the penaeus vannamei culture industry.

In order to achieve the above objects, a first aspect of the present invention provides an artificial mixed feed for improving vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei boone, a second aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of the artificial mixed feed for improving vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei boone, and a third aspect of the present invention provides an application of the artificial mixed feed for improving vibrio resistance of penaeus vannamei boone in vibrio resistance, wherein the technical schemes are as follows:

the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone comprises the following components: fish meal, blood ball powder, squid liver paste, shrimp shell powder, soybean meal, peanut kernel cake, cottonseed meal, flour, phospholipid oil, multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and isobutyric acid.

In the artificial compound feed, the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and the isobutyric acid have a compounding effect, and the isobutyric acid can adjust the pH of the intestinal tract of the penaeus vannamei boone, so that the intestinal tract of the penaeus vannamei boone forms an acidic environment and the growth of vibrios is inhibited.

As a preferred technical scheme, the weight parts of the components are as follows: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 2-5 parts of blood ball powder, 2-6 parts of squid liver paste, 4-8 parts of shrimp shell powder, 24-29 parts of soybean meal, 4-7 parts of peanut kernel cake, 2-7 parts of cottonseed meal, 15-19 parts of flour, 1-4 parts of phospholipid oil, 1-1.5 parts of multi-vitamin and multi-mineral premix, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.1-0.3 part of choline chloride, 0.25-0.5 part of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.3-1 part of isobutyric acid.

Preferably, in order to improve the stability of the feed and prolong the storage period, the artificial compound feed is further added with the following components: antioxidant and mildew preventive.

In the technical scheme, the preferable weight portion of the antioxidant is 0.005-0.03, and the weight portion of the mildew preventive is 0.01-0.1.

As a preferred technical scheme, the weight parts of the components are as follows: 24 parts of fish meal, 3 parts of blood ball powder, 4 parts of squid liver paste, 7 parts of shrimp shell powder, 27.25 parts of soybean meal, 6 parts of peanut kernel cake, 4 parts of cottonseed meal, 18 parts of flour, 2 parts of phospholipid oil, 1.5 parts of multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.01 part of antioxidant, 0.04 part of mildew preventive, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.5 part of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and 0.5 part of isobutyric acid.

As a preferred technical scheme, each kilogram of the multi-dimensional multi-mineral premix contains: more than 150000IU of vitamin A, more than 10000mg of vitamin C, more than 3100000-400000IU of vitamin D, more than 2700mg of D-calcium pantothenate, more than 4800mg of vitamin E, more than 7500mg of nicotinamide, more than 560mg of vitamin K3, more than 660mg of folic acid, more than 1 mg of vitamin B, more than 1800mg of vitamin B6, more than 600mg of inositol, more than 29000mg of potassium, more than 150000mg of iron 2000-.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone, which comprises the following steps: weighing the components in parts by weight, crushing the other components except the phospholipid oil, sieving the crushed components with a sieve of 80-100 meshes to obtain a solid material crushed material, uniformly mixing the solid material crushed material and the phospholipid oil, and granulating, cutting, cooling and sieving to remove powder to obtain the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei.

As a preferred technical scheme, the granulation and the cutting are finished in a pellet feed granulator.

The invention also provides the application of the artificial compound feed for improving the vibrio resistance of the penaeus vannamei boone in the aspect of vibrio resistance.

As a preferred technical scheme, the vibrio comprises vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio harveyi. Of course, the Vibrio is not limited to include Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, but also includes other common Vibrio which can cause shrimp disease in south America.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt can adjust the total number of blood cells in the shrimp body, activate humoral immunity factors and improve the survival rate of the shrimp after being infected with vibrio;

2. regulating and controlling the gene expression level of the prawn humoral immune factor, enhancing the activity of the related immune factor and improving the nonspecific immune defense capability of the prawn.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The reagents, equipment and methods adopted by the invention are all reagents, equipment and methods which are conventionally and commercially available in the technical field and are conventionally used in the technical field.