阅读说明：本技术 一种功能性纳米纤维纱的制备方法 (Preparation method of functional nanofiber yarn ) 是由 江瑞 闫涛 潘志娟 于 2019-12-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种功能性纳米纤维纱的制备方法,纳米纤维纱采用静电纺丝法制备,其接收装置为水浴接收,浴液为含有功能性纳米粒子的分散液。由于纳米纤维具有较高的表面自由能,当纤维沉积在浴液中时,纤维表面将吸附功能性纳米粒子,从而使其具有相应的功能性。该一步法加工技术将纳米纤维的制备和功能性后整理技术相结合,使纤维在成型的同时获得一定的功能性,缩减了功能性后整理的繁琐步骤,有利于减少功能性纱线的加工工序,达到提高生产效率、节能减排的效果。(The invention discloses a preparation method of functional nanofiber yarn, which is prepared by an electrostatic spinning method, wherein a receiving device of the nanofiber yarn is used for receiving in water bath, and bath solution is dispersion liquid containing functional nanoparticles. Because the nano-fiber has higher surface free energy, when the fiber is deposited in the bath solution, the fiber surface adsorbs functional nano-particles, so that the fiber has corresponding functionality. The one-step processing technology combines the preparation of the nano-fiber and the functional after-finishing technology, so that the fiber obtains certain functionality while being formed, the complex steps of functional after-finishing are reduced, the processing procedures of functional yarn are reduced, and the effects of improving the production efficiency, saving energy and reducing emission are achieved.)

1. A method for preparing functional nanofiber yarn is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) adding functional nanoparticles into a dispersing agent, uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture, wherein the surface of the functional nanoparticles in the first mixture is wrapped by the dispersing agent, adding the first mixture into a peregal O aqueous solution to form a first bath solution, stirring the first bath solution on a magnetic stirrer, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare a functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid;

(2) adding a spinning solution into an injector, controlling the flow rate of the spinning solution through a flow pump, uniformly distributing the spinning solution among needle heads through a distributor, forming nano fibers under the action of a high-voltage electric field, depositing the nano fibers on the surface of the functional nano particle dispersion solution, quickly adsorbing the functional nano particles on the surface of the nano fibers after the nano fibers are deposited on the functional nano particle dispersion solution to form functional nano fibers, forming nano fiber bundles through the functional nano fibers under the guiding action of a glass rod, sequentially passing through a yarn guide hook, a drying device and a yarn guide traversing device, and winding the nano fiber yarns on a bobbin through a winding device to obtain the functional nano fiber yarns.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the functional nano particles in the step (1) are any one of chitosan, nano titanium dioxide, nano silver, nano copper or cerium oxide, and the dispersing agent is any one or more of span-80, tween-80, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: in the step (1), the concentration of the peregal O aqueous solution is 0.5 wt%, the mass fraction of the dispersing agent in the first bath liquid is 0.1-0.2%, and the mass fraction of the functional nanoparticles is 0.4-0.6%.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the stirring time in the step (1) is 20min to 30min, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 50min to 90 min.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the spinning solution in the step (2) is any one of polyacrylonitrile, polyamide and polyurethane.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the mass fraction of the spinning solution in the step (2) is 8-25%.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the flow rate of the spinning solution in the step (2) is 1 ml/h-7 ml/h.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the diameter of the winding device in the step (2) is 25mm, and the rotating speed is 25 r/min-45 r/min.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: and (3) after the functional nanofiber yarn is obtained in the step (2) and the spinning state is stable, starting a reverse water bath circulating system to realize the circulating flow of the functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid, wherein the flow direction of the functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid is opposite to the movement direction of the functional nanofiber yarn.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the functional nanofiber yarn comprises: the flow rate of the reverse water bath circulation system is 15 ml/min-35 ml/min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of textiles, and particularly relates to a processing technology for preparing functional nanofiber yarns by a one-step method.

Background

In recent years, the preparation of functional nanofibers has become a great hotspot in the technical field of material science. At present, adding functional materials into spinning solution or spinning master batch is one of effective methods for preparing functional fibers. There are generally three methods for preparing functional electrospun nanofibers: one is that functional substances (Cooper A, Oldinski R, Ma H, et al, Chitosan-based nanoparticles for antibacterial filters application [ J ]. Carbohydrate Polymers,2013,92 (1): 254-; second, post-treatment such as calcination, surface treatment, hydrothermal treatment or gas-solid reaction is performed on the fiber (pandimugnan R, Thambidura S. UV protection and antibiotic properties of extracted targeted ZnOno optical fibers coated fiber fabrics [ J ]. International journal of biological fibers 2017,105(Pt 1): 788-; and thirdly, the functional substance is indirectly attached to the surface or the interior of the fiber through the electrostatic force, van der Waals force, hydrogen bond or the interaction between functional groups between the nanofiber and the functional substance (Lim M, Sultana N. in vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of silver-coated electrosps polycaprolactone/collagen nanoparticles scaffold [ J ].3Biotech,2016,6 (2): 211.). In the first method, problems of solute insolubility or uneven dispersion and the like occur in the process of preparing the composite spinning solution, so that the stability of the spinning state is influenced; the latter two methods are complicated in functional after-finishing and complicated in processing procedure. So far, no researchers have combined the electrostatic spinning technology and the after-finishing technology to form a brand-new processing technology for preparing the functional nanofiber yarn by a one-step method.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a further solution to the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of functional nanofiber yarn, and solves the problems.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method of making a functional nanofiber yarn, comprising the steps of:

(1) adding functional nanoparticles into a dispersing agent, uniformly mixing to obtain a first mixture, wherein the surface of the functional nanoparticles in the first mixture is wrapped by the dispersing agent, adding the first mixture into a peregal O aqueous solution to form a first bath solution, stirring the first bath solution on a magnetic stirrer, and performing ultrasonic treatment to prepare a functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid;

(2) adding a spinning solution into an injector, controlling the flow rate of the spinning solution through a flow pump, uniformly distributing the spinning solution among needle heads through a distributor, forming nano fibers under the action of a high-voltage electric field, depositing the nano fibers on the surface of the functional nano particle dispersion solution, quickly adsorbing the functional nano particles on the surface of the nano fibers after the nano fibers are deposited on the functional nano particle dispersion solution to form functional nano fibers, forming nano fiber bundles through the functional nano fibers under the guiding action of a glass rod, sequentially passing through a yarn guide hook, a drying device and a yarn guide traversing device, and winding the nano fiber yarns on a bobbin through a winding device to obtain the functional nano fiber yarns.

Further, the functional nanoparticles in the step (1) are any one of chitosan, nano titanium dioxide, nano silver, nano copper or cerium oxide, and the dispersing agent is any one or more of span-80, tween-80, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.

Further, in the step (1), the concentration of the aqueous solution of peregal O is 0.5 wt%, the mass fraction of the dispersing agent in the first bath solution is 0.1-0.2%, and the mass fraction of the functional nanoparticles is 0.4-0.6%.

Further, the stirring time in the step (1) is 20min to 30min, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 50min to 90 min.

Further, the spinning solution in the step (2) is any one of polyacrylonitrile, polyamide and polyurethane.

Further, the mass fraction of the spinning solution in the step (2) is 8-25%.

Further, the flow rate of the spinning solution in the step (2) is 1 ml/h-7 ml/h.

Further, the diameter of the winding device in the step (2) is 25mm, and the rotating speed is 25 r/min-45 r/min.

Further, in the step (2), after the functional nanofiber yarn is obtained and the spinning state is stable, a reverse water bath circulation system is started to realize the circulation flow of the functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid, wherein the flow direction of the functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid is opposite to the movement direction of the functional nanofiber yarn.

Further, the flow rate of the reverse water bath circulating system is 15 ml/min-35 ml/min.

The invention provides a preparation method of functional nanofiber yarn, which is characterized in that functional nanometer materials are dispersed in a receiving bath solution, when electrostatic spinning fibers are deposited in the bath solution, the electrostatic spinning fibers are in contact with functional substances in the bath solution and adsorbed on the surfaces of the fibers, and then the fibers are bundled, dried and wound to prepare the functional nanofiber yarn, wherein the method has the following advantages:

1. the one-step processing technology combines the preparation of the nano-fiber and the functional after-finishing technology, so that the fiber can obtain certain functionality while being formed;

2. the method reduces the complicated steps of functional after-finishing, is beneficial to reducing the processing procedures of functional yarns, and achieves the effects of improving the production efficiency, saving energy and reducing emission.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing a functional nanofiber yarn according to the present invention. Wherein, 1 is a beaker, 2 is a magnetic stirrer, 3 is an injector, 4 is a distributor, 5 is a high-voltage power supply, 6 is a needle head, 7 is a drying device, 8 is a yarn guide traversing device, 9 is a winding device, 10 is a reverse water bath circulating system, and 11 is a yarn guide hook.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a preparation method of functional nanofiber yarn, which combines an electrostatic spinning technology with a functional post-finishing technology to enable the nanofiber yarn to obtain special functions while being molded. And (3) injecting the solution containing the functional nano material into a water bath receiving groove, and in the electrostatic spinning process, when the nano fiber is deposited in the bath solution, the surface of the fiber can randomly adsorb a certain amount of functional nano particles, so that the fiber has a certain function.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing a functional nanofiber yarn according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the specific process steps are as follows:

(1) uniformly mixing functional nanoparticles and a dispersing agent, adding the mixture into a prepared peregal O aqueous solution, stirring the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the mixture to prepare a functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid, then pouring the functional nanoparticle dispersion liquid into a beaker 1, wherein the magnetic stirrer 2 is always in a working state in the spinning process. Wherein the functional nanoparticles comprise chitosan, nano titanium dioxide, nano silver, nano copper, cerium oxide and the like. The surface of the nano-particle has higher free energy, so that the nano-particle can generate agglomeration when dispersed in bath solution, the dispersing agent is added into the bath solution to reduce the agglomeration of the nano-particle in the bath solution and improve the stability of the nano-particle in the bath solution, and the dispersing agent comprises span-80, tween-80, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and the like.

(2) Preparing nano-fiber yarn by adopting a multi-needle electrostatic spinning device, wherein the spinning solution is a polymer solution with a certain mass fraction, such as: polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyurethane, and the like. The receiving bath liquid is the functional nano particle dispersion liquid prepared in the step (1). Adding a spinning solution into an injector 3, controlling the flow rate of the spinning solution through a flow pump, uniformly distributing the spinning solution among needle heads 6 through a distributor 4, forming nano fibers under the action of a high-voltage electric field of a high-voltage power supply 5, firstly depositing certain nano fibers on the surface of static bath solution, bundling fiber films deposited on the surface of the bath solution of a reverse water bath circulating system 10 by using a glass rod to form a bundle-shaped structure, then under the traction action of the glass rod, sequentially passing the nano fiber bundle through a yarn guide hook 11, a drying device 7 and a yarn guide traversing device 8, and finally winding the nano fiber yarn on a bobbin through a winding device 9. After the spinning state is stabilized, the reverse water bath circulation system 10 is started, and the flowing direction of the bath liquid is opposite to the moving direction of the fiber yarns. As shown in fig. 1, the reverse water bath circulation system 10 has two functions, one of which is to improve the orientation degree of the nanofibers, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the yarn; and secondly, through the fluidity of the water bath, the deposition of the functional nanoparticles at the bottom of the bath tray is improved, and the concentration of the functional nanoparticles in the bath liquid is ensured.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present invention are further described below. The invention is not limited to the embodiments listed but also comprises any other known variations within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.