阅读说明：本技术 一种马蹄形输水隧洞的底拱混凝土保护装置及方法 (Bottom arch concrete protection device and method for water delivery tunnel in shape of horseshoe ) 是由 李怀国 李志刚 向子云 于 2019-11-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于水利工程技术领域,公开了一种马蹄形输水隧洞的底拱混凝土保护装置及方法,已浇筑的马蹄形隧洞的底拱过流面上侧铺设有弹性垫层,弹性垫层上侧铺设有竹板材,竹板材上侧铺设有级配碎石,级配碎石上侧铺设有水泥稳定碎石层。本发明将马蹄形过流隧洞底拱保护由以往的垫石渣改为铺弹性垫层、竹板材、级配碎石及水泥稳定碎石层复合结构,并在两侧设置排水沟,有效保护底拱过流面,改善了文明施工环境,克服了施工效率低下,人员清理劳动强度大,耗时费工,安全隐患突出等问题,通过本发明可以减少文明施工投入费用,降低人工劳动强度及安全隐患,改善文明施工形象,加快施工进度,节约施工成本。(The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering and discloses a bottom arch concrete protection device and a bottom arch concrete protection method for a horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel. According to the invention, the protection of the bottom arch of the horseshoe-shaped overflow tunnel is changed from the traditional stone-filled slag into a composite structure of paving an elastic cushion layer, a bamboo plate, graded broken stones and a cement-stabilized broken stone layer, and drainage ditches are arranged on two sides, so that the overflow surface of the bottom arch is effectively protected, the civilized construction environment is improved, the problems of low construction efficiency, high labor intensity of personnel cleaning, time and labor consumption, prominent potential safety hazard and the like are solved, the civilized construction investment cost can be reduced, the labor intensity and potential safety hazard are reduced, the image of civilized construction is improved, the construction progress is accelerated, and the construction cost is saved.)

1. A design method of a bottom arch concrete protection device of a horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps:

changing the protection of a horseshoe-shaped overflow tunnel bottom arch from stone filling slag into a composite structure of paving an elastic cushion layer, a bamboo plate, graded broken stones and a cement-stabilized broken stone layer, and directly flowing the tunnel seepage water and construction wastewater to drainage ditches at two sides;

and drainage ditches are arranged at two sides to protect the overflow surface of the bottom arch.

2. The design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein 20% of crushed stones are adopted as the graded crushed stones, and the grain diameter is 31.5-20 mm; 25% of broken stone with the particle size of 20-10 mm; 30% of broken stone with the particle size of 10-5 mm; 25% of sand with the particle size of 4.75 mm; after being mixed, the mixture is transported to the site and is spread on the bamboo boards, and vibration rolling is adopted to compact the mixture; the cement stable gravel layer is prepared by adding cement with the weight being 5 percent of the weight of the sandstone aggregate and adding water after the sandstone aggregate is mixed; wherein the sandstone aggregate is 55% of crushed stone with the particle size of 31.5-5 mm; 45% of artificial sand, the particle size is less than 5mm, after mixing, the artificial sand is transported to the bottom arch of the flow surface of the circular tunnel, a back shovel is adopted for spreading, the artificial sand is rolled and compacted compactly and smoothly by vibration, the middle thickness of the cement stabilized gravel layer is 30cm, and 2% of slopes are transversely arranged from the middle to two sides.

3. The design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drainage ditch is built by red bricks of 240mm x 115mm x 53mm, and the width of the brick building is 24 cm.

4. The design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cement stabilizing gravel layer is composed of cement, graded gravel and artificial sand;

the middle thickness of the cement stabilized gravel layer is 20cm, and 2% slopes are transversely arranged from the middle to two sides.

5. The design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bamboo plate is a plate-shaped object which is made by splitting bamboo into bamboo pieces, and screwing the bamboo pieces through the parallel bamboo pieces by bolts, wherein the width of the plate-shaped object is 20-30 cm, and the length of the plate-shaped object is 3 m.

6. The design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the elastic cushion layer is made of polyethylene, and the polyethylene elastic cushion layer is formed by compounding two materials with different materials through chemical crosslinking such as PE and EVA at high temperature and high pressure, and the thickness of the elastic cushion layer is 10 mm.

7. The utility model provides a bottom arch concrete protection device of water conveyance tunnel of shape of a hoof, its characterized in that, the bottom arch concrete protection device of water conveyance tunnel of shape of a hoof is provided with:

an elastic cushion layer;

the elastic cushion layer is laid on the upper side of a bottom arch overflowing surface of the poured horseshoe-shaped tunnel, a bamboo plate is laid on the upper side of the elastic cushion layer, graded broken stones are laid on the upper side of the bamboo plate, and a cement-stabilized gravel layer is laid on the upper side of the graded broken stones;

a second cement particle material layer is arranged at the bottom of the drainage ditch, and a first cement particle material layer is arranged on the inner side of the red brick;

the upper end of the side arch is fixed with a supporting plate through an anchor rod, the supporting plates are connected through grooves, and reinforcing steel bars are arranged inside the side arch.

8. The bottom arch concrete protector of a horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel according to claim 7, wherein drainage ditches are built on both sides of the cement-stabilized gravel layer through red bricks.

9. The bottom arch concrete protector of a horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the height of the space in the cement stabilized gravel layer is slightly higher than the height of the two ends.

10. A horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel designed by the design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel according to claim 1.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a bottom arch concrete protection device and method for a water delivery tunnel in a shape of a horseshoe.

Background

Currently, the closest prior art in the industry is:

and for the tunnel sections with the water burst risk of A, B level or the fault safety risk of A, B level, a side-excavation side-lining construction method is adopted, and tunnel excavation and lining are synchronously organized and implemented.

There are big section shape of a hoof water delivery tunnel of various performance in great hydraulic engineering construction, along with hydraulic engineering construction technology's maturity and development, at present, most shape of a hoof water delivery tunnel concrete lining construction methods generally are: firstly, pouring the bottom arch concrete by adopting a turnover mould, and then pouring the side top arch concrete by adopting a steel mould trolley.

The horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel is constructed by lining a bottom arch and carrying out concrete lining of a side top arch, a concrete mixing truck and a load-carrying material truck need to pass on the lined bottom arch, the vehicle passing time is long, the cast bottom arch concrete overflowing surface is easily abraded and damaged, and meanwhile, during construction of the side top arch, materials and sundries cannot be prevented from falling on the cast bottom arch to cause damage to the bottom arch concrete overflowing surface, the overflowing surface of the water delivery tunnel generally has higher requirements on the appearance quality of the lining concrete, and the whole operation effect and the appearance of the water delivery tunnel can be influenced even after repair.

The slag-tapping heavy truck and the load-carrying material transport truck need to pass on the bottom arch which is lined, the vehicle passing time is long, and the abrasion and the damage to the concrete overflow surface of the poured bottom arch are easily caused.

The conventional method for protecting the bottom arch concrete of the tunnel is to directly pad a layer of rock ballast excavated in the tunnel on the bottom arch concrete. The slabstone direct contact bottom arch concrete overflow surface, it can't reach protection bottom arch concrete overflow surface effect to cross the car for a long time and roll the easy damage, cause bottom arch concrete overflow surface to damage easily when clearing up the slabstone, in addition, because the tunnel oozes the water, need to carry out the watering maintenance to tunnel limit arch poured concrete in carrying out tunnel limit crown concrete lining in-process, and can smuggle moisture and mud secretly at the current in-process of vehicle, easily cause the bottom arch to backfill the slabstone and form mashed mud, can't satisfy on-the-spot civilized construction requirement, need to drop into a large amount of manual works and equipment and carry out routine maintenance, and the effect is not obvious. Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of hydraulic engineering at present.

In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:

(1) when the stone slag is used for protecting the concrete of the bottom arch of the tunnel, the protection effect is poor, and the damage to the concrete overflow surface of the bottom arch is easily caused.

(2) The bottom arch backfilling stone slag is easy to form sludge, cannot meet the requirements of on-site civilized construction, is inconvenient to maintain and has unobvious effect.

The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows:

effectively protect the concrete overflow surface of the bottom arch, reduce the labor intensity of constructors, save the cost, improve the civilized construction image and improve the construction efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for protecting bottom arch concrete of a water delivery tunnel in a shape of a horseshoe.

The invention is realized in such a way that the design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the water delivery tunnel comprises the following steps:

changing the protection of a horseshoe-shaped overflow tunnel bottom arch from stone filling slag into a composite structure of paving an elastic cushion layer, a bamboo plate, graded broken stones and a cement-stabilized broken stone layer, and directly flowing the tunnel seepage water and construction wastewater to drainage ditches at two sides;

and drainage ditches are arranged at two sides to protect the overflow surface of the bottom arch.

Furthermore, 20% of the graded broken stones are adopted, and the particle size is 31.5-20 mm; 25% of broken stone with the particle size of 20-10 mm; 30% of broken stone with the particle size of 10-5 mm; 25% of sand with the particle size of 4.75 mm; after being mixed, the mixture is transported to the site and is spread on the bamboo boards, and vibration rolling is adopted to compact the mixture; the cement stable gravel layer is prepared by adding cement with the weight being 5 percent of the weight of the sandstone aggregate and adding water after the sandstone aggregate is mixed; wherein the sandstone aggregate is 55% of crushed stone with the particle size of 31.5-5 mm; 45 percent of artificial sand with the grain diameter less than 5 mm; the composition, transport to circular tunnel overflow surface bottom arch after the stirring is accomplished, adopt the back-hoe stone, the rethread vibration is ground and is compacted smoothly, and thickness is 30cm in the middle of the cement stabilization gravel layer, transversely sets up 2% slope from the centre to both sides and is convenient for the drainage.

Furthermore, the drainage ditch is built by red bricks with the thickness of 240mm multiplied by 115mm multiplied by 53mm, and the brick building width is 24 cm.

Further, the cement stabilized gravel layer is composed of cement, graded broken stones and artificial sand; the middle thickness of the cement stabilized gravel layer is 20cm, and 2% slopes are transversely arranged from the middle to two sides so as to facilitate water drainage.

Further, the bamboo board is a board-shaped object which is made by splitting moso bamboos into bamboo chips, penetrating the parallel bamboo chips by bolts and screwing, and has the width of 20-30 cm and the length of 3 m.

Furthermore, the elastic cushion layer is made of polyethylene, and the two materials with different materials are compounded together at high temperature and high pressure through chemical crosslinking such as PE, EVA and the like to form the polyethylene elastic cushion layer, wherein the thickness of the elastic cushion layer is 10 mm.

The invention also aims to provide a bottom arch concrete protection device of the water delivery tunnel in the shape of a horseshoe, which is provided with an elastic cushion layer, a bamboo plate, graded broken stones, a cement-stabilized crushed stone layer and drainage ditches arranged at two sides;

the elastic cushion layer is arranged on the overflow surface of the bottom arch of the poured horseshoe-shaped tunnel, the bamboo board is laid above the elastic cushion layer to cover the elastic cushion layer, the graded broken stone is laid on the bamboo board and is rolled compactly, the cement-stabilized broken stone layer is laid on the graded broken stone and is rolled smoothly, and drainage ditches are arranged at two sides of the bottom arch protection cement-stabilized broken stone layer;

a second cement particle material layer is arranged at the bottom of the drainage ditch, and a first cement particle material layer is arranged on the inner side of the red brick;

the upper end of the side arch is fixed with a supporting plate through an anchor rod, the supporting plates are connected through grooves, and reinforcing steel bars are arranged inside the side arch.

Further, the cement stabilized gravel layer is composed of cement, graded broken stones and artificial sand.

Furthermore, the elastic cushion layer is directly laid on the poured flow surface of the bottom arch of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel.

Further, the thickness of the middle of the cement stabilized gravel layer is 20cm, and 2% of slopes are transversely arranged from the middle to two sides of the cement stabilized gravel layer to facilitate water drainage.

The invention also aims to provide the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel designed by adopting the design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel.

In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:

according to the invention, the protection of the bottom arch of the horseshoe-shaped overflow tunnel is changed from the traditional stone-filled slag into a composite structure of paving an elastic cushion layer, a bamboo plate, graded broken stones and a cement-stabilized broken stone layer, and drainage ditches are arranged on two sides, so that the overflow surface of the bottom arch is effectively protected, the civilized construction environment is improved, the problems of low construction efficiency, high labor intensity of personnel cleaning, time and labor consumption, prominent potential safety hazard and the like are solved, the civilized construction investment cost can be reduced, the labor intensity and potential safety hazard are reduced, the image of civilized construction is improved, the construction progress is accelerated, and the construction cost is saved.

The elastic cushion layer, the bamboo plate, the graded broken stone and the cement-stabilized broken stone layer are adopted to carry out special protection on the overflow surface of the bottom arch of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel, so that the road surface is smooth and flat, the seepage water and the construction wastewater of the tunnel directly flow to the drainage ditches at two sides, the field civilized construction environment is better, after the protective layer is put into use at one time, the road surface is cleaned in time, the conventional bottom arch protection is not required to frequently clean and re-lay the stone slag at the argillized part, the investment of personnel and equipment is reduced, the interference on the concrete construction of the top arch is reduced, the construction progress is accelerated, and compared with the conventional protection method, the cost can be saved by 30%.

The invention belongs to the category of foundation changes in the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and greatly promotes the progress of protecting the bottom arch overflow surface of the horseshoe-shaped tunnel in the aspects of process and efficiency, and no relevant report is found in the domestic and foreign tunnel concrete construction literature.

The invention is not applied to hydraulic engineering construction at present, and aims to effectively protect the concrete overflow surface of the bottom arch, reduce the labor intensity of constructors, save the cost, improve the civilized construction image and improve the construction efficiency. The application value is higher in the concrete lining construction of the large horseshoe-shaped overflowing tunnel.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bottom arch concrete protection device of a horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a drain connection provided in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the edge crown, the support plate and the anchor rod provided by the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure: 1. an elastic cushion layer; 2. bamboo board material; 3. grading broken stone; 4. a cement stabilized rubble layer; 5. red brick; 6. a bottom arch flow surface; 7. side top arch; 8. a drainage ditch; 9. a first cement stabilization particle layer; 10. a second cement stabilization particle layer; 11. supporting the guard plate; 12. an anchor rod.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are illustrated and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

When the stone slag is used for protecting the concrete of the bottom arch of the tunnel, the protection effect is poor, and the damage to the concrete overflow surface of the bottom arch is easily caused. The bottom arch backfilling stone slag is easy to form sludge, cannot meet the requirements of on-site civilized construction, is inconvenient to maintain and has unobvious effect.

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for protecting bottom arch concrete of a water delivery tunnel in a shape of a horseshoe, and the invention is described in detail below by combining the attached drawings.

The design method of the bottom arch concrete protection device of the water delivery tunnel comprises the following steps:

the horseshoe-shaped overflow tunnel bottom arch protection is changed from stone filling slag into a composite structure of paving an elastic cushion layer, a bamboo plate, graded broken stones and a cement-stabilized broken stone layer, and water seepage and construction wastewater of the tunnel directly flows to drainage ditches at two sides.

And drainage ditches are arranged at two sides to protect the overflow surface of the bottom arch.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the bottom arch concrete protection device of a horseshoe-shaped water delivery tunnel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the concrete comprises an elastic cushion layer 1, a bamboo board 2, graded broken stones 3, a cement-stabilized broken stone layer 4, red bricks 5, a bottom arch overflow surface 6, a side top arch 7 and a drainage ditch 8.

The elastic cushion layer 1 is directly laid on the bottom arch flow surface 6 and is laid flat; the bamboo board 2 is laid above the elastic cushion layer 1, and the laying is tight.

The bottom of the drainage ditch 8 is provided with a second cement particle material layer 10, and the inner side of the red brick 5 is provided with a first cement particle material layer 9.

The upper end of the side top arch 7 is fixed with a supporting plate 11 through an anchor rod 12, the supporting plates 11 are connected through grooves, and reinforcing steel bars are arranged inside the side top arch 7.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.