Refractive examination device and method applied to self-service medical treatment
阅读说明：本技术 一种应用于自助医疗的屈光检查装置及方法 (Refractive examination device and method applied to self-service medical treatment ) 是由 齐岳 王熙 杨松远 黄贵军 李宁 于 2019-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种应用于自助医疗的屈光度检查装置,其特征在于：由机壳、测量窗口、测量单元、第一反射镜、第二反射镜及安装架构成,在所述机壳的前端面上从上至下依次设置有测量单元及测量窗口,在机壳的内部设置有安装架,在安装架的后端设置有第一反射镜及第二反射镜,所述的第一反射镜与第二反射镜呈八字形布置。本发明还涉及一种应用于自助医疗的屈光度检查方法,其特征在于：包括如下步骤：(1)对位于测量窗口处的患者眼部进行成像；(2)计算出患者眼睛的屈光度；(3)对屈光度结果进行保存。本发明可以让患者独立完成屈光度的检测,无需操作人员。(The invention relates to a diopter checking device applied to self-service medical treatment, which is characterized in that: constitute by casing, measurement window, measuring element, first speculum, second mirror and mounting bracket the preceding terminal surface of casing is provided with the mounting bracket in the inside of casing from last to having set gradually measuring element and measurement window down, is provided with first speculum and second mirror in the rear end of mounting bracket, first speculum and second mirror be the splayed and arrange. The invention also relates to a diopter checking method applied to self-help medical treatment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) imaging the patient's eye at the measurement window; (2) calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient; (3) and storing the diopter result. The invention can enable the patient to independently complete the diopter detection without an operator.)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to diopter inspection device of self-service medical treatment which characterized in that: constitute by casing, measurement window, measuring element, first speculum, second mirror and mounting bracket the preceding terminal surface of casing is provided with the mounting bracket in the inside of casing from last to having set gradually measuring element and measurement window down, is provided with first speculum and second mirror in the rear end of mounting bracket, first speculum and second mirror be the splayed and arrange.
2. A diopter checking device for self-help medical use according to claim 1, wherein: the measuring unit constitute by shell, display screen, data processing module, digital camera, imaging lens, light filter, LED light source and ranging module the display screen is inlayed to the front end of shell, transversely is provided with the digital camera that the camera lens is backward in the inside intermediate position of shell, installs imaging lens and light filter after to in the past on digital camera's camera lens in proper order, is provided with the LED light source of inlaying on the shell at the front end of light filter, and shell internally mounted has ranging module in the top of LED light source, display screen, digital camera and ranging module all be connected with the data processing module wire of arranging the shell inside in.
3. A diopter checking device for self-help medical use according to claim 1, wherein: the display screen is an LCD display screen or an OLED display screen; the data processing module is an embedded processing module and is an ARM processor or an FPGA chip or a single chip microcomputer; the digital camera is a CCD/CMOS camera, the imaging target surface is between 1/4 inches and 1 inch, and the pixel number is between 30 ten thousand and 2000 ten thousand; the imaging lens is an optical lens and is made of optical glass or optical grade plastic, the imaging field of view is not less than 110mm, the focal length is between 8mm and 50mm, the object plane resolution is not less than 10lp/mm, and the aperture is not less than F8; the optical filter is a long-wave pass optical filter or a band-pass optical filter; the LED light source is an infrared LED light source and at least comprises 6 infrared LED lamps, the central wavelength of each infrared LED lamp is between 750nm and 1050nm, and the 6 infrared LED lamps are uniformly distributed at intervals in a circular shape or arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi' or in a trapezoidal shape; the distance measuring module is an ultrasonic distance measuring module or an optical distance measuring module; the first reflector and the second reflector are both metal film reflectors or dielectric film reflectors, and the reflectivity is not lower than 85%.
4. A diopter checking device for self-help medical use according to claim 1, wherein: the casing is a structure with a lifting handle arranged at the top end, and the lifting handle and the casing are integrally formed.
5. A diopter checking device for self-help medical use according to claim 1, wherein: the mounting frame is an aluminum alloy mounting frame.
6. A diopter checking method applied to self-help medical treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) starting the diopter checking device, enabling a measuring unit of the diopter checking device to work, enabling a patient to look into the diopter checking device through a measuring window by self, and imaging the eyes of the patient at the measuring window by a digital camera;
(2) after the digital camera captures an image, calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient through a data processing module on the measuring unit;
(3) the diopter result obtained is stored in the data processing module.
7. A diopter checking method applied to self-help medical treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the method for calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient through the data processing module on the measuring unit comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the data processing module reads the image captured by the digital camera, identifies the pupil of the patient and calculates the diameter of the pupil;
(2) drawing a gray curve in the pupil area according to the identified pupil;
(3) calculating the slope of the gray curve;
(4) correcting the slope according to the pupil diameter;
(5) and calculating diopter.
8. A diopter checking method applied to self-help medical treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the formula for correcting the slope according to the pupil diameter is as follows:
and a is a correction coefficient, the value is 1, and the standard pupil area is calculated according to the pupil with the diameter of 5 mm.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ophthalmic refraction examination, and relates to a diopter examination device and method for imaging through an optical lens and a digital camera by means of external infrared illumination, in particular to a diopter examination device and method applied to self-service medical treatment.
Background
The eyes are the main sensory organs for acquiring external information, and the abnormal vision brings great inconvenience to life. In recent years, China has become the world with the highest incidence of myopia in children and teenagers. The myopia prevention and control work faces huge challenges. Relevant policies and guidance suggestions are also provided by national departments, and the primary and secondary schools are required to perform diopter check for students every half year and conditionally perform diopter check once every quarter, and visual health files are established. Because the population base of China is huge, the fertility rate of developed countries is relatively high. Therefore, refractive screening efforts for children and adolescents are enormous.
Clinically, the method for refractive examination is mainly divided into subjective refraction and objective refraction. The subjective refraction is a commonly used insert type refraction method during lens fitting: the diopter of the patient is determined by placing test lenses of different diopters in front of the eyes of the patient and finding the most suitable test lens through the subjective vision of the patient. The method is simple in principle, time-consuming in operation and not suitable for large-scale vision screening work. The objective optometry method is mainly completed by an optometry instrument. The refractometer can quickly and accurately determine the diopter of a patient. This approach also has its limitations. First, a high patient fit is required during the examination, keeping the head stable and looking at the optotype inside the instrument. This has certain difficulties for active and active adolescents and children. Second, the refractometer requires a doctor or optometrist having an operation experience to perform the operation. The doctor resources in China are relatively deficient and are distributed unevenly. Some areas do not have sufficient medical resources to support large-scale vision screening. It follows that the existing conventional methods are difficult to meet the requirements.
Patent CN104490359 realizes a device for quick optometry. The device can complete a refraction examination on a patient at a distance of 1 meter, and the examination time only needs a few seconds. The device consists of an infrared LED light source, a lens and a digital camera. When the pupil-capturing device works, the infrared LED light sources arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi' sequentially emit light, and then the images of the pupils are captured by the lens and the digital camera. The patient's diopter is determined by analyzing the energy distribution of infrared light reflected by the fundus at the pupil. The invention solves the problems of complex operation and high patient coordination in the mainstream method. But still have deficiencies. First, the invention requires the patient to face the device and remain level up. If the observation direction has deviation, the measurement precision can be greatly influenced. Secondly, the invention has larger measurement precision deviation at the far-vision end. Although the screening work aiming at the myopia prevention and control is mainly to measure the degree of hyperopia. Since children are normally hyperopic in nature, they develop into emmetropia gradually with age. Therefore, there is a clinical statement of hyperopic reserve. I.e. at a certain age, a certain degree of hyperopia is necessary to ensure that myopia does not follow. If the hyperopia reserve is insufficient and no timely intervention has been obtained, the probability of future myopia is extremely high. Therefore, the myopia prevention device can be used for preventing the occurrence of myopia through checking the far vision reserve. The significance of the myopia prevention and control work is also realized. Thirdly, the invention has certain requirements on the measuring environment, namely, the measurement is carried out in a relatively good environment, and bright external light interference cannot exist. Finally, the present invention has a certain requirement for the operator, and requires the operator to be skilled in the manipulation technique. And does not alleviate the need for personnel for screening efforts.
Through a search for a patent publication, no patent publication that is the same as the present patent application is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a refraction examination device suitable for self-service medical treatment. The invention can enable the patient to independently complete the diopter detection without an operator.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a be applied to diopter inspection device of self-service medical treatment which characterized in that: constitute by casing, measurement window, measuring element, first speculum, second mirror and mounting bracket the preceding terminal surface of casing is provided with the mounting bracket in the inside of casing from last to having set gradually measuring element and measurement window down, is provided with first speculum and second mirror in the rear end of mounting bracket, first speculum and second mirror be the splayed and arrange.
And, the measuring unit constitute by shell, display screen, data processing module, digital camera, imaging lens, light filter, LED light source and range finding module the display screen is inlayed to the front end of shell, transversely is provided with the digital camera that the camera lens is backward in the inside intermediate position of shell, installs imaging lens and light filter in proper order after to in the past on digital camera's camera lens, is provided with the LED light source of inlaying on the shell at the front end of light filter, has range finding module at the top shell internally mounted of LED light source, display screen, digital camera and range finding module all be connected with the data processing module wire of arranging the shell inside in.
Moreover, the display screen is an LCD display screen or an OLED display screen.
And the data processing module is an embedded processing module and is an ARM processor or an FPGA chip or a singlechip. The device is used for receiving images captured by the digital camera, processing and analyzing the images and calculating the diopter of the patient.
Moreover, the digital camera is a CCD/CMOS camera, the imaging target surface is between 1/4 inches and 1 inch, and the number of pixels is between 30 ten thousand and 2000 ten thousand.
Moreover, the imaging lens is an optical lens and is made of optical glass or optical grade plastic, the imaging visual field of the imaging lens covers the eyes of a patient, the imaging visual field is not less than 110mm, the focal length is between 8mm and 50mm, the imaging lens has a good imaging effect at the working distance of the measuring unit, and the object plane resolution is generally not lower than 10 lp/mm. For example, if the measuring unit performs refraction examination on human eyes at 1 meter, the imaging lens has good imaging effect when focusing to a distance of 1 meter. Of course, the imaging lens can also optimize the optical imaging quality for the determined working distance, so that the imaging lens has the best resolution and imaging effect at the working distance in focus, and the aperture is not smaller than F8.
And the optical filter is a long-wave pass optical filter or a band-pass optical filter, and the function of the optical filter can enable the wave band of the infrared LED to pass through. While blocking light of other bands, in particular visible light.
Moreover, the LED light source is an infrared LED light source which is at least composed of 6 infrared LED lamps, the central wavelength of each infrared LED lamp is between 750nm and 1050nm, the wave band has no stimulation to human eyes, the comfort is strong, and the 6 infrared LED lamps are circularly and uniformly distributed at intervals or are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi' or are arranged in a shape like a trapezoid.
Moreover, the distance measuring module is an ultrasonic distance measuring module or an optical distance measuring module. For measuring the distance of the patient's eye to the measuring unit for ensuring the correct working distance.
And the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror are both metal film reflecting mirrors or dielectric film reflecting mirrors, the reflectivity is not lower than 85%, and the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror are used for turning back the measuring light path.
Moreover, the casing is a structure with a handle arranged at the top end, and the handle and the casing are integrally formed.
Moreover, the mounting frame is an aluminum alloy mounting frame.
A diopter checking method applied to self-help medical treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) starting the diopter checking device, enabling a measuring unit of the diopter checking device to work, enabling a patient to look into the diopter checking device through a measuring window by self, and imaging the eyes of the patient at the measuring window by a digital camera;
(2) after the digital camera captures an image, calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient through a data processing module on the measuring unit;
(3) the diopter result obtained is stored in the data processing module.
Moreover, the method for calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient through the data processing module on the measuring unit comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the data processing module reads the image captured by the digital camera, identifies the pupil of the patient and calculates the diameter of the pupil;
(2) drawing a gray curve in the pupil area according to the identified pupil;
(3) calculating the slope of the gray curve;
(4) correcting the slope according to the pupil diameter;
(5) and calculating diopter.
Moreover, the formula for correcting the slope according to the pupil diameter is as follows:
and a is a correction coefficient, the value is 1, and the standard pupil area is calculated according to the pupil with the diameter of 5 mm.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention relates to a refraction examination device applied to self-help medical treatment, which can measure the refraction by a patient in a self-help way. The device is simple to operate, and the patient can independently operate to complete the examination without additional equipment operators. The measurement result is objective and accurate. The measuring process only needs a few seconds, and the diopter screening device is particularly suitable for diopter screening outside hospitals, such as communities, schools, office buildings and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of LED light sources according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of infrared light energy at the pupil of a human eye for illustrating the operation of the device;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention;
figure 6 is a flow chart of a method of calculating eye refractive power in accordance with the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
The device comprises a measuring unit 1, a measuring
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The diopter inspection device applied to self-service medical treatment inspects the diopter of the eyes of a patient in a self-service mode. In the following description, the direction in which the device moves forward and backward with respect to the patient's eye is set as the Z-axis, the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis and parallel to the ground is set as the X-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the Z-axis and also perpendicular to the ground is set as the Y-axis.
The utility model provides a be applied to diopter inspection device of self-service medical treatment which innovation lies in: the measuring window is arranged at the position of a tested human eye, the measuring unit is arranged above the tested human eye, and the mounting rack is used for mounting the measuring unit, the first reflector and the second reflector. The measuring unit and the measuring window are designed on the same plane, the distance between the measuring unit and the measuring window is fixed, in order to reduce the size of the device, a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror are designed, and the light path is refracted through the two reflecting mirrors, so that the device is convenient to move and use.
As shown in fig. 2, the measuring unit mainly comprises a housing 15, an LED light source 13, an imaging lens 14, a light filter 12, a digital camera 10, a data processing module 9, a distance measuring module 11 and a display screen 8, wherein the display screen is embedded in the front end of the housing, the digital camera with the lens facing backwards is transversely arranged in the middle of the inside of the housing, the imaging lens and the light filter are sequentially arranged on the lens of the digital camera from front to back, the LED light source embedded on the housing is arranged at the front end of the light filter, the distance measuring module is arranged in the housing above the LED light source, and the display screen, the digital camera and the distance measuring module are all connected with the data processing module arranged in the housing through wires.
The LED light sources are direct-insert infrared LED lamps, the central wavelength is 850nm, and the total number of the LED light sources is 25. The arrangement pattern is in a shape of a Chinese character 'mi', as shown in fig. 3. An infrared LED lamp is placed at the center, the other 24 infrared LED lamps are radially divided into 3 groups, each group comprises 8 infrared LED lamps, the infrared LED lamps are radially distributed along 3 directions and are spaced by 60 degrees. Divided into 4 groups of 6 in the circumferential direction, forming 4 concentric rings. The focal length of the imaging lens is 35mm, the
The first reflector and the second reflector are used for returning the measuring light path, and are both aluminum-plated reflectors with reflectivity of 92%.
The measurement window provides a reference position for the patient's eye, i.e. the working conditions required by the measurement module can be met when the patient's eye is located in the measurement window. Namely, the image of the two eyes is positioned at the center of the imaging visual field of the measuring unit, and the distance between the two eyes and the measuring unit is 1 meter. The measuring window also has the function of shielding external environment light, so that the pupil of the patient is kept in a relatively large state. The situation that measurement cannot be carried out or measurement is inaccurate due to the fact that the pupil is too small is avoided.
The mounting bracket be the aluminum alloy installation frame, practice thrift the cost, it is firm light.
The shell is provided with a
Human eyes with different diopters have different light energy distributions at the pupil after being irradiated by light emitted by the LED light source, as shown in fig. 4. Taking myopia as an example, the upper region of the pupil has less energy and is in a dark state, and the corresponding gray value is lower. The lower region of the pupil has more energy and is in a bright state, and the corresponding gray value is higher. By plotting a gray value curve in the vertical direction, a tilted line is obtained, the slope (degree of tilt) of which represents different diopters. The far vision end is in principle the same as the near vision end, except that the direction of the straight line inclination is opposite.
As shown in fig. 5, a diopter checking method applied to self-help medical treatment is innovative in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) starting the diopter checking device, enabling a measuring unit of the diopter checking device to work, enabling a patient to look into the diopter checking device through a measuring window by self, and imaging the eyes of the patient at the measuring window by a digital camera;
(2) after the digital camera captures an image, calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient through a data processing module on the measuring unit;
(3) the obtained diopter result is stored in the data processing module, and a report can be printed through a wireless printer, so that the diopter result is convenient to file and store.
The method for calculating the diopter of the eyes of the patient through the data processing module on the measuring unit comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the data processing module reads the image captured by the digital camera, identifies the pupil of the patient and calculates the diameter of the pupil;
(2) drawing a gray curve in the pupil area according to the identified pupil;
(3) calculating the slope of the gray curve;
(4) correcting the slope according to the pupil diameter;
(5) and calculating diopter.
For the same eye, there is a certain variation in diopter with different pupil diameters in order to eliminate the influence of this factor. Before calculating the diopter, the slope needs to be corrected according to the pupil diameter. The correction formula is as follows:
a is a correction coefficient, and a correction system is different from equipment to equipment, and is generally about 1. A standard pupil is generally considered to be a pupil of 5mm in diameter.
The above actually only flow for the near/far vision power calculation. But as can be seen from fig. 3, there are 3 groups of LEDs in total, spaced 60 ° from each other in the radial direction. The power corresponding to that direction is obtained in each direction. The patient can be judged whether the patient has astigmatism according to the values of the diopters in the 3 directions (if the patient has no astigmatism, the results in the 3 directions are the same), and the power and the axial angle of the astigmatism are calculated. Thus, complete power information including near/far vision power, astigmatism power and axial angle is obtained.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
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