阅读说明：本技术 切削工具及其应用 (Cutting tool and use thereof ) 是由 孙思叡 于 2018-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种切削工具,其包括一个狭长体构件,具有一条纵向轴线,可安装到旋转机械上的柄部,切削部和容腔,以及至少一条槽。切削部设置于柄部的一端,包括第一面、第二面和第三面,第三面与第一面相交所成第一交线,第二面与第一面相交所成第二交线,第一交线上各处至第二交线的最短距离为0.05mm～0.5mm。本发明提供的切削工具,适用于对难以加工的超硬材料实施机加工,具有耐用性,使用寿命得到延长,切削的效率和加工的质量得到提高。(A cutting tool includes an elongate body member having a longitudinal axis, a shank portion mountable to a rotary machine, a cutting portion and a pocket, and at least one flute. The cutting part is arranged at one end of the handle part and comprises a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, the third surface and the first surface are intersected to form a first intersection line, the second surface and the first surface are intersected to form a second intersection line, and the shortest distance from each position on the first intersection line to the second intersection line is 0.05-0.5 mm. The cutting tool provided by the invention is suitable for machining a superhard material which is difficult to machine, has durability, prolongs the service life, and improves the cutting efficiency and the machining quality.)

1. A cutting tool comprising an elongate body member having a longitudinal axis, a shank portion mountable to a rotary machine, a cutting portion, and at least one flute, characterized by a pocket,

the cutting part is arranged at one end of the handle part and comprises a first surface, a second surface and a third surface, the third surface and the first surface are intersected to form a first intersection line, the second surface and the first surface are intersected to form a second intersection line, the distances from all positions on the first intersection line to the second intersection line are unequal, and the shortest distance is 0.05-0.5 mm.

2. The cutting tool of claim 1, wherein the third face includes a curved surface to impart a pinch to the work surface to enhance the finish.

3. The cutting tool of claim 1 wherein the first and second faces intersect to form a third intersection line, the third intersection line intersecting the open edge of the pocket and being inclined toward the axis at an angle of-15 ° to 90 °.

4. The cutting tool of claim 1 wherein said cutting portions disposed on said shank are at least 2 pieces, a groove is disposed between each of said cutting portions, said groove comprising a groove body and a groove bottom surface, said groove body communicating with said pocket, said groove bottom surface extending toward said axis to form a pocket bottom for said pocket.

5. The cutting tool of claim 1 wherein said shank portion is formed of a first material, said cutting portion is formed of a second material, and said second material is sintered or welded to said first material at an elevated temperature to form a blank, said blank being used to form said cutting tool.

6. The cutting tool of claim 1 wherein said cutting portions provided on said shank portion are 8 to 50 pieces, each of said cutting portions being provided along an open edge of said pocket to form an enclosure.

7. The cutting tool of claim 1, further comprising an end surface intersecting said first face, said second face, and said third face, said third face comprising an arcuate surface for pressing against a work surface; the maximum distance between the bottom surface of the groove and the end surface is less than or equal to 4 times of the curvature radius of the cambered surface and is greater than or equal to 0.8 time of the curvature radius of the cambered surface.

8. The cutting tool of claim 1, further comprising an end surface intersecting said first face, said second face, and said third face, said third face comprising an arcuate surface for pressing against a work surface; the maximum distance between the bottom surface of the groove and the end surface is 1.5 times of the curvature radius of the cambered surface.

9. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the first intersection line and the second intersection line are formed as edges on both sides of the cutting portion.

10. The cutting tool of claim 1, wherein said first intersection line and said second intersection line are formed as edges on both sides of said cutting portion such that a rake angle of the edges reaches ± 30 °.

11. A cutting tool comprising an elongate body member having a longitudinal axis and being mountable to a shank portion of a rotary machine, wherein a pocket is formed at one end of said elongate body member and cutting portions are arranged along a periphery of an opening of said pocket;

forming a first blade and a second blade on two sides of the cutting component in the radial direction of the long and narrow body component, wherein the distances from the first blade to the second blade are not equal, and the shortest distance is 0.05 mm-0.5 mm;

a groove is disposed between any two adjacent cutting portions, the groove being disposed radially of the elongate body member.

12. The cutting tool of claim 11, wherein a third face is disposed in the region defined by said first edge, said second edge, and said cylindrical surface of said elongate body member, said third face being an arcuate surface.

13. The cutting tool according to claim 12, wherein the leading end of each cutting portion is connected everywhere to form an end face, the groove includes a groove body and a groove bottom face, and a maximum distance between the groove bottom face and the end face is less than or equal to 4 times of the curvature radius of the arc face and greater than or equal to 0.8 times of the curvature radius of the arc face.

14. The cutting tool of claim 12, wherein the leading end of each cutting portion feed is connected everywhere to form an end face, the groove comprises a groove body and a groove bottom, and the maximum distance between the groove bottom and the end face is 1.5 times the radius of curvature of the arc face.

15. The cutting tool of claim 11 wherein said pocket includes a pocket body and a pocket bottom, said pocket body communicating with said pocket, said pocket bottom extending toward said axis to form a pocket bottom of said pocket.

16. The cutting tool of claim 11, wherein the cutting portion is 8-50 pieces.

17. The cutting tool according to claim 11, wherein the rake angle of the first edge reaches ± 30 ° or the rake angle of the second edge reaches ± 30 °.

18. The cutting tool of claim 11, wherein the rake angle of the first edge and the rake angle of the second edge are both ± 30 °.

19. The cutting tool of claim 11 wherein said shank portion is formed of a first material, said cutting portion is formed of a second material, and said second material is sintered or welded to said first material at an elevated temperature to form a blank, said blank being used to form said cutting tool.

20. Use of a cutting tool according to claims 1-19 for milling ultra-high silicon aluminum, ceramics, cermets, and cemented carbides, graphite and fiber materials with silicon content exceeding 18%.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a tool for cutting, and more particularly to a cutting tool suitable for machining difficult-to-cut materials (such as, but not limited to, graphite).

Background

Graphite is a typical heterogeneous hard and brittle difficult-to-process material, and is widely applied to the industries of machinery, electronics, aerospace, nuclear industry, precision molds and the like due to excellent electrical conductivity, lubricity, wear resistance, high temperature resistance and stable chemical properties.

During the high-speed cutting process of graphite, the generated cutting scraps are usually granular dust similar to grinding wheel abrasive grains, and are very easy to adhere to and accumulate on the front cutter face, the rear cutter face and the processed surface of a cutter, so that the cutting scraps and the surface of a workpiece generate a strong friction effect on the cutter during the processing process, the front cutter face and the rear cutter face of the cutter are seriously abraded, and meanwhile, the precision and the surface quality of the workpiece are influenced to a certain extent. In a more serious situation, because the graphite material has extremely high hardness, brittleness and abrasiveness and poor mechanical strength, the problems of workpiece corner breakage, cutter edge breakage, serious abrasion, even breakage failure and the like are easily caused in the high-speed cutting processing of graphite. Therefore, a tool for high-speed machining of graphite is required to have high wear resistance and impact resistance.

At present, the common graphite cutting tools mainly comprise hard alloy tools, diamond coating tools, diamond tools and the like, and no special tool specially designed for the graphite processing characteristics appears.

The common hard alloy cutter has good toughness, higher wear resistance, low price and the most extensive use, but when graphite is processed at high speed, the cutter is very seriously worn, the service life of the cutter is short (usually the service life is less than 60 minutes), and the wear condition of the cutter needs to be frequently checked and the cutter needs to be replaced.

The diamond coated cutter has high hardness and wear resistance, is an ideal cutter for graphite high-speed machining, has the service life prolonged by tens of times compared with that of a hard alloy cutter, is expensive, is unstable in manufacturing process, and has the problems of edge breakage or coating falling and damage and the like when the bonding strength between a diamond film and a substrate is not enough to resist the impact force of cutting force, so that the cutting performance of the cutter is unstable and the service life of the cutter is difficult to predict.

The common diamond cutter has the advantages of good regrinding property, lower cost and the like, but is limited by the appearance and the structure of the cutter, and the service life of the common diamond cutter is not as long as that of the diamond coated cutter, so the common diamond cutter has very limited application to the processing of graphite electrodes with complex shapes.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool for machining a superhard material which is difficult to machine, thereby improving the quality of machining.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool which is durable and has a long life by machining a superhard material which is difficult to machine.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a cutting tool that improves the cutting efficiency of machining a superhard material that is difficult to machine.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a cutting tool suitable for high-speed cutting machining of graphite materials, such as: the planar processing and the processing of the three-dimensional form are performed.

The welding in the present invention is understood to be a manufacturing technique for joining two materials by heating, and the technique is embodied as follows: but are not limited to, welding, pressure welding, brazing, and the like.

The hard-to-machine superhard material referred to in the present invention is understood to be a material with poor machinability, such as but not limited to ultra-high silicon aluminum with a silicon content of more than 18%, ceramics, cermets, hard alloys, graphite and fiber materials, etc. the general material properties of more or less than one or more of (HB >250, sigma b >1000MPa, delta > 30%, α K >100MPa, K < 41.8W/m.k) in this index are difficult-to-machine materials, and are also measured by phenomena during cutting (cutting force, cutting heat, tool wear and tool durability, machined surface quality and chip control, etc.) (see http:// www.chinabaike.com/article/316/408/2009/200901605619. html; difficult-to-machine material cutting [ P ], mechanical industry publication, 1996).

The present invention provides a cutting tool comprising an elongate body member having a longitudinal axis, a shank portion mountable to a rotary machine, a pocket and cutting portion, and at least one flute.

The center of the cavity is located on the axis.

The cutting part is arranged at one end of the handle part and comprises a first face, a second face and a third face, the third face and the first face are intersected to form a first intersection line, the second face and the first face are intersected to form a second intersection line, the distances from all positions on the first intersection line to the second intersection line are unequal, and the shortest distance is 0.05-0.5 mm.

The first surface and the second surface are intersected to form a third intersection line, the third intersection line is intersected with the opening edge of the cavity and inclines towards the axis, and an intersection angle formed by the third intersection line and the axis is-15-90 degrees.

In the cutting tool of the present invention, the number of cutting portions provided in the shank portion is at least 2, and grooves are provided between the respective cutting portions, and each of the grooves includes a groove body and a groove bottom surface. The groove body is communicated with the containing cavity, and the bottom surface of the groove extends towards the axis to form the cavity bottom of the containing cavity.

The cutting tool of the invention has the advantages that the number of the upper edges is multiplied along with the increase of the number of the cutting parts, the material quantity which can be removed by one rotation of the cutting tool under the same load of each edge is larger, and the efficiency is high. The cutting parts arranged on the handle part are 8-50 parts, and each cutting part is arranged along the edge of the opening of the containing cavity to form a surround.

The third surface of the cutting tool comprises the cambered surface, and the machined surface is extruded to improve the smoothness.

The cutting tool of the present invention further comprises an end face intersecting the first face, the second face and the third face, the third face including an arc face, and pressing is performed on the machined surface. The maximum distance between the bottom surface and the end surface of the groove is less than or equal to 4 times of the curvature radius of the cambered surface, more than or equal to 0.8 times of the curvature radius of the cambered surface, and especially 1.5 times of the curvature radius of the cambered surface.

In the cutting tool of the present invention, the first intersection line and the second intersection line are formed as the cutting edges and are located on both sides of the cutting portion, so that the rake angle of the cutting edges is ± 30 °.

Another cutting tool has a longitudinal axis and is mountable to a shank portion of a rotary machine, a pocket being formed in one end of an elongate body member, and cutting portions arranged along a periphery of an opening of the pocket. And in the radial direction of the long and narrow body component, a first blade and a second blade are formed on two sides of the cutting component, the distances from the first blade to the second blade are unequal, and the shortest distance is 0.05-0.5 mm.

And a third surface is arranged in a region formed by the first edge, the second edge and the cylindrical surface of the elongated body component, and the third surface is an arc surface.

The front ends fed by the cutting parts are connected to form end faces, and the maximum distance between the bottom face of the groove and the end faces is less than or equal to 4 times of the curvature radius of the cambered surface and is greater than or equal to 0.8 time of the curvature radius of the cambered surface.

The cutting tool of the present invention is a milling cutter used for milling a superhard material which is difficult to machine.

The cutting tool of the invention is at least made into a green body by sintering or welding the second material and the first material at high temperature, and the green body is used for manufacturing the cutting tool. Such as: the shank portion is of a first material and the cutting portion is of a second material.

As a blank for the manufacture of a cutting tool, substances suitable for the first material are, for example: hard alloy.

As a blank for the manufacture of a tool, substances suitable for the second material are, for example: PCD, Co and CBN, which may be used in the present invention alone or in combination, such as: and forming the PCD and the Co into a composite material in a high-temperature high-pressure sintering mode, and overlapping the Co and the CBN to prepare the composite material in a high-temperature high-pressure sintering or welding mode.

As a blank for use in the manufacture of a cutting tool, when a first material is present on top of a second material, the second material should be on top of the first material.

In one embodiment, the second material is sintered with the first material at high temperature and high pressure (e.g., 500 ℃ to 2700 ℃) to form the starting material for the green body.

In another embodiment, PCD is sintered with cemented carbide at high temperature and pressure to form the raw materials from which the green body is made.

In another embodiment, CBN and cemented carbide are sintered at high temperature and high pressure to form the raw materials for making the green body.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the cutting tool of the present invention is suitable for both left-hand cutting and right-hand cutting in a high-speed graphite cutting process by providing cutting edges for cutting chips on both sides of a cutting portion. When one or more cutting edges are worn or damaged, other cutting edges can still process the superhard material which is difficult to process according to the design requirement of the product, the processing quality and the precision of the product are not influenced, the service life of the cutting tool is effectively prolonged, the cutting tool does not need to be frequently replaced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

According to the cutting tool, the cutting edges with the front angles of +/-30 degrees are arranged on the two sides of the cutting part, so that the strength, the impact resistance and the friction performance of the cutting edge are improved, the strength of the cutting edge of the tool and the stability of cutting vibration are improved, the friction abrasion of graphite dust to the surface of the tool and the surface of a processed workpiece is overcome, the service life of the tool is prolonged, and the dimensional precision and the smoothness of the surface of the processed workpiece are improved.

According to the cutting tool, the cambered surface is arranged on the third surface, so that the machined surface is extruded, the smoothness is greatly improved, and the machining quality is improved. Like ball cutters and radius cutters, the cambered surface configuration makes the tool suitable for three-dimensional machining.

The cutting tool is formed by surrounding each cutting part, has the characteristic of a large plane, is also provided with the characteristic that the cambered surface forms the outer side round corner of the cutting part on the third surface, is suitable for processing the three-dimensional surface and the plane of a workpiece, can effectively reduce the scrapping phenomenon of a graphite workpiece due to corner breakage, edge breakage and even brittle fracture in the processing process, can also effectively save the cost and tool changing time of the tool, and improves the cutting efficiency.

The cutting tool disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the groove body is shallow, the chip removal effect is realized, the good rigidity is kept, the cutting tool is suitable for high-speed cutting machining, the plurality of chip removal grooves and the central containing cavity are uniformly distributed on the cutting part, particularly, the containing cavity is built by the groove bottom, the groove body is additionally communicated with the containing cavity, the graphite dust formed by cutting can be timely and effectively contained and discharged when graphite is cut, the adhesion on a machined surface is avoided, the phenomenon of cutter breakage is reduced, the cutter changing time is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a cutting tool of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of one embodiment of a cutting tool of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cutting tool of FIG. 1 at another angle;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view at E in FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a cutting portion of the cutting tool of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a cutting tool of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic view of a top view of an embodiment of a cutting tool of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of another angle of the cutting tool shown in fig. 1, fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion E of fig. 3, and fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a cutting portion of the cutting tool shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the cutting tool of the present embodiment includes an elongate body member 100 having a longitudinal axis 110, a shank portion 120 mountable to a rotary machine, a pocket 200 and a cutting portion 300. The cavity 200 is centered on the axis 110.

The cutting part 300 is disposed at one end of the shank 120, and includes a first surface 310, a second surface 320, and a third surface 330, wherein the first surface 310 intersects the third surface 330 to form a first intersection 341, the second surface 320 intersects the first surface 310 to form a second intersection 342, and distances from the first intersection 341 to the second intersection 342 are not equal, and the shortest distance is 0.05mm to 0.5 mm.

In the present embodiment, each cutting portion 300 is provided with a first surface 310 and a second surface 320, each of which is machined as a rake surface, and a third surface 330 is provided between the first surface 310 and the second surface 320, and is machined as a flank surface. Cutting edges with the front angles of +/-30 degrees are formed on two sides of the cutting part, so that the strength, impact resistance and friction performance of the cutting edge are improved, the strength of the cutting edge of the cutter and the stability of cutting vibration are improved, the friction abrasion of graphite dust to the surface of the cutter and the surface of a processed workpiece is overcome, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the dimensional accuracy and the smoothness of the surface of the processed workpiece are improved.

The first face 310 and the second face 320 intersect at a third intersection line 343, the third intersection line 343 intersecting the edge (not shown) of the opening of the receptacle and being inclined towards the axis 110 at an angle a of-15 to 90 to the axis.

In this embodiment, the cutting portions 300 provided to the shank portion are at least 2 pieces, and grooves 400 are provided between the respective cutting portions for chip removal, which include groove bodies 410 and groove bottom surfaces 420. The channel 410 communicates with the cavity 300 and the channel bottom 420 extends towards the axis 110 and forms the cavity bottom of the cavity 300.

In this embodiment, the third surface 330 is a curved surface that intersects the outer edge surface of the elongate body member 100 to impart a compression to the work surface to enhance the finish. The end surface 340 intersects the first, second and third faces 310, 320, 330, and the maximum distance D between the groove bottom surface 420 and the end surface 340 is less than or equal to 4 times the radius of the third face 330, and greater than or equal to 0.8 times the radius of the third face 330, and particularly 1.5 times the radius of the third face 330. The end surface 340 is to be understood as a surface at the end of the cutting tool above the opening of the receptacle, which surface is formed by the connections at the front end of the respective cutting member (the feed direction of the cutting tool being the front end), when this surface intersects a part of the cutting portion, the intersecting part of the cutting portion is also the end surface, the intersection line resulting from the intersection is also a part of the first intersection line 341 and/or a part of the second intersection line 342. When the surface does not locally intersect the cutting portion, the surface is virtually present and cannot be observed by naked eyes.

The first and second intersecting lines 341 and 342 of the present embodiment are machined as edges on both sides of the cutting part 300 such that the rake angle N reaches ± 30 °.

The cutting tool of this embodiment uses 10 ~ 50 cutting portions to set up along the uncovered border in appearance chamber 200, forms to surround, forms open flower form, and the cutting portion is the petal of this "flower" to this mills processing to the superhard materials implementation that is difficult to process, if: in the process of machining the graphite by high-speed cutting, the cutter is simultaneously suitable for left-handed cutting and right-handed cutting. When one or more cutting edges are worn or damaged, other cutting edges can still continuously process the superhard material which is difficult to process according to the design requirements of the product, the processing quality and the precision of the product are not influenced, the service life of the one-way rotation is more than 120 minutes, the cutting tool can be reversely rotated and used for more than 120 minutes after reaching the service life, the service life of the cutting tool is effectively prolonged, the cutting tool does not need to be frequently replaced, and the processing efficiency is improved.