阅读说明：本技术 一种酵素菌生物有机肥的制造方法 (Preparation method of ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer ) 是由 徐小芹 于 2018-07-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种酵素菌生物有机肥的制造方法,由下列物料组成：植物秸秆粉、麦麸、米糠、豆粕、鸡粪、酵素菌、膨润土、淀粉。酵素菌有机生物肥的制造方法：粉碎,混料加水搅拌,送入发酵设备进行发酵,烘干,造粒包装入库。利用本发明的配方,可大大缩短发酵时间,发酵时间夏季为7－10天,冬季为10－12天。在制作工艺上,发酵过程中,本发明采用射流通氧技术,通氧情况十分好,发酵彻底,肥料质量好,利于植物吸收,肥料的养分全面。严格按照肥料制作要求的方法制作出商品肥料,符合国家及行业标准的要求。有利于工业化、规模化生产。(The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer, which consists of the following materials: plant straw powder, wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal, chicken manure, enzyme bacteria, bentonite and starch. The manufacturing method of the ferment bacterium organic biological fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing, mixing, adding water, stirring, fermenting in a fermentation device, drying, granulating, packaging and warehousing. The fermentation time can be greatly shortened by using the formula of the invention, wherein the fermentation time is 7-10 days in summer and 10-12 days in winter. In the manufacturing process and the fermentation process, the jet aeration technology is adopted, the aeration condition is very good, the fermentation is thorough, the fertilizer quality is good, the absorption of plants is facilitated, and the nutrients of the fertilizer are comprehensive. The commercial fertilizer is prepared by a method strictly according to the fertilizer preparation requirement, and meets the requirements of national and industrial standards. Is beneficial to industrialized and large-scale production.)

1. A manufacturing method of an enzyme bacterium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 45-55 parts of plant straw powder, 9-11 parts of wheat bran, 13.5-16.5 parts of rice bran, 9-11 parts of soybean meal, 9-11 parts of chicken manure, 0.8-1.3 parts of ferment bacteria, 3-4 parts of bentonite and 0.4-1 part of starch; the production process comprises the following steps: a. Crushing: firstly, weighing plant straws, wheat bran, rice bran, bean pulp and chicken manure according to a ratio, and adding the plant straws, the wheat bran, the rice bran, the bean pulp and the chicken manure into a crusher for crushing, wherein the crushing granularity can be 100 meshes to 200 meshes; b. Mixing materials: mixing the crushed materials with ferment bacteria and starch fully and uniformly, adding water and stirring, wherein the water content is 50-60%; c. The mixed material after adding water above is sent into the fermentation tank to ferment, the jet flow oxygen method is adopted to introduce oxygen, the bottom of the fermentation tank is provided with a bottom plate drilled with a plurality of micro holes, fresh air is pressed into the lower part of the bottom plate of the fermentation tank by an air pump, gas flows upwards during fermentation, and the air enters the fermentation tank: (1) fermentation temperature: the fermentation temperature is controlled between 45 ℃ and 65 ℃; (2) controlling the pH value to be 5.5-6.5; (3) turning and introducing oxygen: when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches more than 40 ℃, the fermentation time reaches more than 48 hours, turning over and oxygen introducing are needed, and after the first turning over, turning over the fermentation product once every 24 hours to ensure the oxygen supply; introducing oxygen by adopting a jet oxygen introduction technology; (4) and fermentation time: 10-12 days in winter; 7-10 days in summer; (5) in the fermented mixed material, the content ratio of nitrogen element to carbon element is 1: 25; d. Drying, namely feeding the fermented material into a dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is not more than 75 ℃; e. The secondary mixing is to add bentonite and a small amount of moisture into the dried material for uniform mixing, and the moisture of the mixed material is about 20%; f. Granulating, namely feeding the secondary mixture into a granulator for granulation, wherein the granularity phi is less than or equal to 3.5 mm; g. And analyzing and inspecting the prepared ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer according to standards, metering and packaging the qualified product and warehousing the product.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer.

Background

The existing organic fertilizer manufacturing method adopts dry chicken manure, rice bran, brown sugar, ferment bacteria, anion powder and plant straws as raw materials, and the manufacturing method is a compost manufacturing method which has the defects of long fermentation time which needs about 1 month, and adopts a composting method for fermentation, and the compost is turned over once in 7 days, so that microorganisms are anoxic, an anaerobic fermentation process is formed, the nutrients of the fertilizer are lost, and the quality of the fertilizer is reduced. Is limited to compost production and cannot be used for industrial large-scale production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for preparing a ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer.

The manufacturing method of the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following components by weight: 45-55 parts of plant straw powder, 9-11 parts of wheat bran, 13.5-16.5 parts of rice bran, 9-11 parts of soybean meal, 9-11 parts of chicken manure, 0.8-1.3 parts of ferment bacteria, 3-4 parts of bentonite and 0.4-1 part of starch

Firstly, a production principle of an enzyme bacterium bio-organic fertilizer is as follows:

the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer is a novel organic fertilizer prepared by utilizing the principle that plant straws are quickly decomposed by microorganisms.

The main raw materials of the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer are as follows: strains, plant straws, culture medium, additives and the like.

1. Plant straw

The basic components of the straw are cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, and the decomposition of the straw is a process of decomposing crude organic matters into micromolecules, organic matters or inorganic matters under the action of microorganisms.

The microbial decomposition is carried out by firstly decomposing water-soluble substances, starch and the like under the action of microorganisms mainly including saccharomycete (white mould) and spore-free bacteria, then, the decomposition is carried out by mainly using spore bacteria and cellulose bacteria to mainly decompose protein, pectin substances, cellulose and the like, and finally, by mainly using actinomycetes and certain fungi to mainly decompose lignin, tannin, wax and the like.

2. Ferment fungus (B, Y, M)

The ferment bacteria is a microbial population consisting of bacteria, microzyme and filamentous bacteria which can generate strong-activity hydrolytic mold.

The enzyme has the functions of strong saccharomyces, proteolytic mildew, lipolytic mildew, cellulolytic mildew, saccharolytic mildew, alcoholic decomposition mildew, lactose decomposition mildew, redox mildew, maltose decomposition mildew, urea decomposition mildew and the like, and can decompose and eliminate various harmful substances in a short period of time under the comprehensive action of various mildews.

The ferment bacteria can saccharify and decompose organic materials of organic fertilizer and amino acid due to its strong hydrolysis, and glucose, alcohol, amino acid, etc. generated by the decomposition are used as the best culture medium for beneficial microorganisms in soil, and promote the rapid increase of actinomycetes in compost and organic fertilizer, kill pathogenic bacteria and facilitate the absorption of plants.

The decomposition process is as follows:

(1) and (3) decomposing process of starch and sugar: (Condition: aerobic fermentation)

Starch, sugar → amylolytic mold → maltose → maltolytic mold → glucose → alcohol → Alcoholic mold → carbon dioxide, water

(2) Protein decomposition process: (Condition, aerobic fermentation)

Protein → proteolytic enzyme → amino acid → microbial cell mass, ammonia, carbon dioxide, water → nitrous acid → nitric acid, etc

(3) The decomposition process of fat: (Condition: aerobic fermentation)

Fat → lipolytic mold → fatty acid, glycerol → carbon dioxide, water

(4) Decomposition of cellulose (conditions: aerobic fermentation)

Cellulose → cellulolytic mold → polysaccharide, organic acid → carbon dioxide, water

3. Culture medium

Contains wheat bran, rice bran and starch, and is mainly used for providing good material conditions for microbial reproduction and is also a good food source for microbes. Rice bran is one of the important substances as a culture medium for microbial fermentation. The rice bran nutrient medium contains 17.5% of crude protein, 17.8% of crude fat, 37.7% of nitrogen-free extract and 8.4% of crude ash, and simultaneously contains certain natural trace elements, can provide ideal material conditions for microbial activities, and is also a good food source for microorganisms.

4. Additive agent

The organic biological fertilizer containing the chicken manure, the bentonite and the bean pulp as additives is an indispensable additional raw material of the ferment bacterium organic biological fertilizer.

(1) The chicken manure can provide required nutrients for crops, has higher organic matter content, and is one of the best raw materials for adjusting the nitrogen-carbon ratio-N/C in the fermentation process of the biological organic fertilizer;

(2) and bentonite: the adhesive has an adhesive effect, is used for granulating, and simultaneously contains various trace elements for the absorption of plants;

(3) and soybean meal: the soybean meal has 37% of crude protein, 45% of crude fat, 39.3% of nitrogen-free extract and 5% of crude ash, and the soybean meal is used as one of additives, so that the microbial decomposition activity is facilitated, the components decomposed by the microbes are easily absorbed by plants, the sweetness of the plants can be greatly increased, and meanwhile, the quality of crops is improved, and the quality of the crops is greatly improved.

Compared with the prior art, the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer has the main advantages that:

1. providing nutrients for crop growth

Under the action of microorganisms, organic matters are decomposed in soil to generate carbon dioxide which can be used as a raw material for crop photosynthesis.

(1) The nutrient is comprehensive, and the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer contains 16 nutrient elements necessary for the growth of crops; rice bran is one of the important substances as a culture medium for microbial fermentation. The rice bran nutrient medium contains 17.5% of crude protein, 17.8% of crude fat, 37.7% of nitrogen-free extract and 8.4% of crude ash, and simultaneously contains certain natural trace elements, can provide ideal material conditions for microbial activities, and is also a good food source for microorganisms. The soybean meal has 37% of crude protein, 45% of crude fat, 39.3% of nitrogen-free extract and 5% of crude ash, and the soybean meal is used as one of additives, so that the microbial decomposition activity is facilitated, the components decomposed by the microbes are easily absorbed by plants, the sweetness of the plants can be greatly increased, and meanwhile, the quality of crops is improved, and the quality of the crops is greatly improved. The rice bran and the soybean meal are quantitatively used, so that the quality of the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer is better.

(2) The release of nutrients is uniform and long-lasting;

2. the soil structure is effectively improved, and the soil fertility is enhanced:

(1) the organic matter content in the soil is continuously increased due to the function of decomposing the organic matter by the microorganisms, so that the soil fertility is improved;

(2) the physical and chemical states of the soil are improved, the soil is formed into small granular and soft soil, and oxygen is introduced into the soil and the activity of microorganisms is facilitated;

(3) the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil is enhanced.

3. The biological activity of the soil is improved, and the growth of crops is stimulated; the organic materials are the main sources of energy and nutrients obtained by microorganisms, the activities of the microorganisms promote the good growth of crops, the activities of the microorganisms are enhanced, not only can the nutrients be provided for plants, but also various amino acids such as glutamic acid, proline and the like, vitamins, cytokinin, auxin, gibberellin and auxin can be generated, and great effects can be brought to the growth of the plants.

4. The detoxification effect is improved, pathogenic bacteria in the soil are killed, the disease resistance of the plants is enhanced, and the soil environment is purified;

5. the quality of crops is improved; the ferment bacteria bio-organic fertilizer can provide comprehensive nutrients for crops, improves the content of sugar in the crops, and does not contain chemical fertilizer elements, so that the quality of the crops is greatly improved, and the ferment bacteria bio-organic fertilizer is an ideal fertilizer for producing green and pollution-free organic agricultural products.

6. Improved environment

(1) The soil environment is improved, and the pollution to soil and underground water quality caused by large-scale application of chemical fertilizers is reduced;

(2) the atmospheric environment is improved, and the raw material used by the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer is plant straws; farmers have the traditional habit of burning straws to cause air environmental pollution, the straws are made into fertilizer to be returned to the field, which not only solves the problem of burning straws, but also brings economic income for farmers, and the farmers do not burn straws any more, thereby improving the atmospheric environment.

7. The yield and income of crops are increased, and a large number of experiments prove that the grain yield can be increased by more than 10% by using the ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer, the yield of economic crops such as vegetables, melons and fruits can be increased by more than 15%, and the purposes of increasing the yield and income are achieved.

Fourthly, a manufacturing method of the ferment bacterium organic bio-fertilizer comprises the following steps: production process

1. Crushing: firstly, weighing plant straws, wheat bran, rice bran, bean pulp and chicken manure according to a ratio, and adding the plant straws, the wheat bran, the rice bran, the bean pulp and the chicken manure into a crusher for crushing, wherein the crushing granularity can be 100 meshes to 200 meshes;

2. mixing materials: mixing the crushed materials with ferment bacteria and starch fully and uniformly, adding water and stirring, wherein the water content is 50-60%;

3. fermentation: the mixed material added with water is sent into a fermentation tank for fermentation, oxygen is introduced by adopting a jet flow oxygen introduction method, a bottom plate drilled with a plurality of micro holes is installed at the bottom of the fermentation tank, fresh air is pressed into the lower part of a bottom plate by an air pump, gas flows upwards during fermentation, the air enters the fermentation tank, and the following points are noticed during the fermentation process:

(1) and fermentation temperature: the fermentation temperature is controlled between 45 ℃ and 65 ℃;

(2) controlling the pH value to be 5.5-6.5;

(3) turning and introducing oxygen: when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches more than 40 ℃, the fermentation time reaches more than 48 hours, the pile must be turned over and oxygen is introduced, and after the first pile turning, the pile turning is carried out once every 24 hours to ensure the oxygen supply.

(4) And fermentation time: 10-12 days in winter; 7-10 days in summer;

(5) the ratio of N to C (N/C) is 1: 25;

4. drying by baking

And (3) feeding the fermented material into a dryer for drying, wherein the drying temperature is not more than 75 ℃, otherwise, beneficial active bacteria are killed.

5. Secondary mixing

And adding bentonite and a small amount of water into the dried material, and uniformly mixing to facilitate granulation, wherein the water content of the mixed material is about 20%.

6. Granulating

And (3) feeding the secondary mixture into a granulator for granulation, wherein the granularity phi is less than or equal to 3.5 mm.

7. And analyzing and inspecting the prepared ferment bacterium bio-organic fertilizer according to standards, metering and packaging the qualified product and warehousing the product.

Compared with the metallothionein bio-organic fertilizer and the method of the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the fermentation time can be greatly shortened by using the formula of the invention, wherein the fermentation time is 7-10 days in summer and 10-12 days in winter.

2. In the manufacturing process and the fermentation process, the jet aeration technology is adopted, the aeration condition is very good, the fermentation is thorough, the fertilizer quality is good, the absorption of plants is facilitated, and the nutrients of the fertilizer are comprehensive.

3. The commercial fertilizer is prepared by a method strictly according to the fertilizer preparation requirement, and meets the requirements of national and industrial standards. Is beneficial to industrialized and large-scale production.

Detailed Description